-
Served as US Secretary of Commerce in the 1920s under Harding, then became president a few months before the start of the Great Depression in 1929.
-
Was Assistant Secretary of the Navy until 1920, then became governor of New York until 1932. Then served as president for two terms after Hoover in 1933 during the Great Depression. Helped America through the Depression with things like a New Deal Coalition and Social Security.
-
-
President of the US 1953-1961. Established "massive retaliation".
-
Cubans rebelled against Spanish rule and the US went to war with spain because of business and strategic interests in Cuba, yellow journalists sensationalizing Spanish brutality in Cuba, the de Lome Letter, and the explosion of the USS Maine. The US defeated the Spanish, the Treaty of Paris and the Platt Amendment were signed, and the Filipino rebellion against the US was put down.
-
The treaty ending the Spanish-American War, in which Spain freed Cuba, turned over the islands of Guam and Puerto Rico to the United States, and sold the Philippines to the United States for $20 million.
-
Issued by Secretary of State John Hay, sometime in 1899. Gave all nations equal trading rights in China and called for fair competition. The goal of this policy was to end US/European competition. It also urged foreigners to obey Chinese law.
-
A 1900 rebellion in which members of a Chinese secret society sought to free their country from Western influence.
-
A series of provisions that, in 1901, the United States insisted Cuba add to its new constitution, commanding Cuba to stay out of debt and giving the United States the right to intervene in the country and the right to buy or lease Cuban land for naval and fuelling stations.
-
An extension of the Monroe Doctrine, announced by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1904, under which the United States claimed the right to protect its economic interests by means of military intervention in the affairs of Western Hemisphere nations.
-
Global war between Allies and Central Powers. Started with the assissination of Arch Duke Ferdinand. Ended with a victory for the Allies.
-
An artificial waterway cut through the Isthmus of Panama to provide a shortcut between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, opened in 1914.
-
The US enters WWI because of German submarine warfare e.g. the sinking of Lusatania, as well as the Zimmermann Telegram which suggested German/Mexican alliance against the US. They also joined to support Great Britain with whom they had close ties.
-
Served as president of the US 1961-1963. First and last Roman Catholic as president in the US. Helped America thorugh part of the Cold War.
-
Woodrow Wilson's post WWI peace plan; goal of the plan was to eliminate the causes of war.
-
Amendment made during the Prohibition (1921-1933) that banned the use of alcohol.
-
The 1919 peace treaty at the end of World War I which established new nations, borders, and war reparations.
-
A sensational 1925 court case in which the biology teacher John T. Scopes was tried for challenging a Tennessee law that outlawed the teaching of evolution.
-
A name given to October 29, 1929, when stock prices fell sharply.
-
A period, lasting from 1929 to 1940, in which the US economy was in severe decline and millions of Americans were unemployed.
-
The region, including Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Colorado, and New Mexico, that was made worthless for farming by drought and dust storms during the 1930s.
-
An alliance of diverse groups - including Southern whites, African Americans, and unionized workers - who supported the policies of the Democratic Party in the 1930s and 1940s.
-
An agency created in 1933 to insure individuals' bank accounts, protecting people against losses due to bank failures.
-
Act signed under FDR's presidency that protected workers rights to form unions and engage in collective bargaining.
-
A law enacted in 1935 to provide aid to retirees, the unemployed, people with disabilities, and families with dependent children.
-
A labor organization composed of industrial unions founded in 1938, it merged with the AFL in 1955.
-
Act signed during FDR's presidency that set maximum work hours and minimum wages.
-
Stalin and Hitler agreed not to attack each other during WWII.
-
Germany invades Poland which cause France and Britain to declare war on Germany.
-
Drafted 10 million men into the US military during WWII.
-
Germany breaks the rules of the Non-Aggression Pact in mid-1941 and invades Russia.
-
Japan surprise attacks Pearl Harbor, Hawaii targeting US naval base.
-
At FDR's request, US congress joins WWII after Japan's attack at Pearl Harbor.
-
US navy beat a much larger Japanese force at Midway Island which ended the threat to Hawaii.
-
Allies landed in Germany-occupied France lead by Eisenhower during WWII and were successful, then began the liberation of Western Europe.
-
German counteroffensive to D-Day. Allies soon recovered and the Germans were unsuccessful.
-
Supreme Court case over the internment of Japanese citizens in the US during WWII.
-
Allies from the West and Soviet Union from the East overran Germany. Germany surrendered.
-
Two Japanese cities that Truman used atomic bombs against in order to get Japan to surrender during WWII.
-
Post WWII trials of Nazis of wart crimes in the Holocaust; emphasized individual responsibilty regardless of order.
-
The state of hostility, without direct military conflict, that developed between the US and the Soviet Union after WWII.
-
Massive US financial aid package to rebuild Europe's economy.
-
The Soviets blockaded West Berlin so the US flew in supplies.
-
A defensive military alliance formed in 1949 by 10 western european countries, the US, and Canada.
-
Mao Zedong took over China and made it communist. Caused China and the Soviets to become rivals for territory and influence.
-
Communist North Korea against Democratic South Korea. South was supported by the US and North was supported by USSR. Ended in stalemate.
-
Found guilty of giving atomic secrets to the Soviets; electrocuted in 1953.
-
An alliance among Soviet Union and East European countries.
-
First ship launched into space by the Soviets.
-
Francis Gary Powers was shot down while spying over the Soviet Union.
-
Germany was split into communist East Germany and capitalist West Germany.
-
Wall erected to separate East and West Berlin.
-
The Soviets stationed nuclear missiles in Cuba. JFK demanded their remolval and blackaded Cuba.
-
JFK was killed by Lee Harvey Oswald in Dallas, TX, 1963. Shook America's confidence.
