-
Period: to
Maurice Duplessis is Premier of Quebec
-
Act to Promote Rural Electrification
Not too long after the election, Duplessis and his government passed a law that would make electricity accessible to remote areas. This worked and helped farmers benefit from new technology. -
Period: to
Baby Boom
After the Second World War, soldiers who returned home wanted to settle down and start a family. They all did this around the same time, causing a spike in births. This was called the baby boom. -
Period: to
Immigration from Western & Eastern Europe and China
After the second world war, many people from war-torn areas or comunist countries imigrated to Quebec. These people wanted a better life. They ended up bringing their cultures with them, making Montreal in particular a multicultural city. -
Period: to
The Cold War
The main participants in the Cold War were the United States of America and the Soviet Union. They both had nuclear weapons, so any conflict would guarantee mutual destruction; for this reason there were no real battles. They instead raced to get to space and the moon, which revolutionised our knowledge of the universe. -
Refus Global Manifesto Published
The Refus Global was a manifesto signed by 15 artists, including Borduas and Riopelle. Its goal was to limit the power of the curch. It opposed Duplessis. (Class Slides, p.14) -
Asbestos Strike
Asbestos miners wanted safer working conditions and more money. They striked violently, and the police suppresed them violently.
(Class Slides, p. 14) -
Period: to
Paul Sauvé becomes premier of Quebec
Paul Sauvé replaced Duplessis after he died in 1959. He was only in power for one year. He began to bring in change. (Class Slides, p. 26) -
Rise of Consumer Society in Québec
A strong post-war economy allowed the start of a consumer society. People bought more things faster than before. TV advertisements came out to encourage the mass consumption of goods.
(Class Slides, p. 17) -
Rise of Americanism
America's booming economy had major influences on 1960s media. American culture spread through radio, TV, and movies. To many Canadians, the American culture seemed alluring. America's worldwide influence had major positive effects on their economy and the American entertainment industry. -
Period: to
The Quiet Revolution
The quiet revolution was a period of cultural and political change in Quebec. There was a shift towards secularism, and Quebec became a welfare state. The quiet revolution started the sepratist movement. -
Period: to
Jean Lesage is premier of Quebec
Jean Lesage was in power during the silent revolution. He believed in interventionalism, secularism, and more. Lesage took power away from the church when it came to education; he gave public healthcare to everyone and created a pension plan. He also turned Quebec into a welfare state and he created Hydro-Quebec.
(Class Slides, p. 28-41) -
Period: to
Lester B. Pearson is Prime Minister
Lester B. Pearson tried to understand the movement for the French language and nationalism. He showed willingness to be open to Quebec’s demands. He paved the way for Trudeau's Official Languages Act.
(Class Slides, p. 39) -
Birth Rate Drops in Québec
After WWII, soldiers who returned home wanted to settle down and start a family. This caused the baby boom, but once these people had kids and settled down, birthrates dropped dramatically. This is not an issue. -
Period: to
Daniel Johnson Sr. is Premier of Quebec
Daniel Johnson was also premier during the quiet revolution. He created CEGEPs and created laws and infrastructure. Johnson was premier during Expo 67. He worked on modernising Quebec.
(Class Slides, p. 36-41) -
Expo 67
Expo-67 put Quebec on a world map, bringing attention to its culture, art, and city. The new metro system made tourism around the city easy. It also came around the time of Quebec Neo-Nationalism.
(Class Slides, p. 37) -
Period: to
Pierre Elliott Trudeau is Prime-Minister
Pierre Elliott Trudeau wanted to patriate the constitution, but he failed. He also wanted to change the division of powers. He was for multiculturalism.
(Class Slides, p. 39-60) -
Passage of Bill 63
Bill 63 was passed to promote French. It made sure all children understood french, and was later replaced by the Official Language Act in 1974 -
Period: to
Robert Bourassa is Premier of Quebec
Robert Bourassa was premier during the October crisis when the FLQ kidnapped James Cross and Pierre Laporte. He created the Health Insurance Act and CLSCs, along with the creation of the Quebec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms and the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement. There was also a lot of feminism, union activism, the oil crises, and the implementation of Bill 22 Official Language Act.
(Class Slides, p. 46-54) -
First Oil Crisis Begins
In 1973, when the Arab-Israeli war erupted and the organisation that controls oil raised prices to weaken supporters of Israel. Oil shortages cause the price of goods and transportation in Canada. It led to a short period of economic instability. -
Period: to
The Oil Crises & Economic Downturn
In 1973, the Arab-Israeli war breaks out, and the organisation that controls oil raises prices to weaken supporters of Israel. Oil shortages cause the price of goods and transportation in the west. Iran also undergoes a revolution, further increasing oil prices and therefore economic instability. -
James Bay and Northern Québec Agreement
Quebec wanted to use indigenous land for hydroelectricity. The Inuit and Cree made a deal for protection of land, hunting and fishing rights, and money for the hydro project. -
Election of René Lévesque & The Parti Québécois
He was premier of Quebec and promised to hold a referendum on Quebec sovereignty. He united the separatist parties into Parti Quebecois. -
Period: to
René Lévesque is Premier of Quebec
René Lévesque held a referendum on Quebec sovereignty. He passed the Charter of the French Language (Bill 101), causing many anglophones to leave Quebec. The Act Respecting Labour Standards gave unions a bit of what they wanted; women were now given maternity leave, and the Automobile Insurance Act was passed. There were also many political and agricultural reforms.
(Class Slides, p. 55-60) -
Second Oil Crisis
Iran’s revolution, after the fall of the Shah, sent oil prices even higher. In Quebec and across Canada, higher energy costs strained the economy and increased efforts toward hydroelectricity.