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Began to embrace Shia Islam in the beginning of the 17th century.
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Some Hazara men were added to Ahmad Shah Durrani's army in the 18th century.
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British forces invade, install King Shah Shujah. He is assassinated in 1842. British and Indian troops are massacred during retreat from Kabul
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British forces invade, install King Shah Shujah. He is assassinated in 1842. British and Indian troops are massacred during retreat from Kabul
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Second Anglo-Afghan War. A treaty gives Britain control of Afghan foreign affairs.
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The first Hazara uprising takes place in 1888 against Abdur Rahman Khan.
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The second uprising occurs in the spring of 1892. This was due to the fact that there was an assault on the wife of a Hazara cheifttain by an afghan soldier.
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Many of the Hazara people were sold as slaves in the markets of Kabul and Qandahar.
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The third uprising begins in 1893. Hazara took most of their land back as this came as a surprise. They were halted from their uprising because they had a shortage of food. Abdur Rahman also catalyzed the hatred and conflict between the Hazara and the Pahstun people for many years.
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35000 families fled to northern Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. It was estimated that at least 60% of the Hazara people were displaced by Rahman making Hazaras give up their farms.
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Habibullah Khan, Rahman's successor, granted amnesty to all who were exiled by Rahman.
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Emir Amanullah Khan declares independence from British influence.
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Hazaras were taxed for the first time in the 19th century by Dost Mohammad Kahn.
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Amanullah tries to introduce social reforms, which however stir civil unrest. He flees.
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Zahir Shah becomes king and Afghanistan remains a monarchy for next four decades.
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King Mohammed Nadir Khan was assassinated by the Hazara Abdul Khaliq. He was captured along with other family members.
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Revolt took place against new taxes imposed specifically to Hazara citizens.
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General Mohammed Daud becomes prime minister. Turns to Soviet Union for economic and military assistance. Introduces social reforms, such as abolition of purdah (practice of secluding women from public view).
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Mohammed Daud forced to resign as prime minister.
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Constitutional monarchy introduced - but leads to political polarisation and power struggles
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Mohammed Daud seizes power in a coup and declares a republic. Tries to play off USSR against Western powers.
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General Daud is overthrown and killed in a pro-Soviet coup. The People's Democratic Party comes to power but is paralysed by violent infighting and faces opposition by US-backed mujahideen groups.
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Iran-backed Islamist groups liberated Hazarajat from Afghan government backed by Soviets.
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Soviet Army invades and props up communist government.
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Babrak Karmal installed as ruler, backed by Soviet troops. But opposition intensifies with various mujahideen groups fighting Soviet forces. US, Pakistan, China, Iran and Saudi Arabia supply money and arms to the mujahideen.
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Secularist groups lost all power to Islamists.
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Mujahideen come together in Pakistan to form alliance against Soviet forces. Half of Afghan population now estimated to be displaced by war, with many fleeing to neighbouring Iran or Pakistan.
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US begins supplying mujahideen with Stinger missiles, enabling them to shoot down Soviet helicopter gunships. Babrak Karmal replaced by Najibullah as head of Soviet-backed regime.
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Afghanistan, USSR, the US and Pakistan sign peace accords and Soviet Union begins pulling out troops.
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Last Soviet troops leave, but civil war continues as mujahideen push to overthrow Najibullah.
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The Soviets withdraw from Afghan territory.
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Najibullah's government toppled, but a devastating civil war follows.
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Fall of Kabul; Hazara take sides with Durhanuddin Rabbani's government.
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Taliban seize control of Kabul and introduce hard-line version of Islam, banning women from work, and introducing Islamic punishments, which include stoning to death and amputations.
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Taliban recognised as legitimate rulers by Pakistan and Saudi Arabia. They now control about two-thirds of country.
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US launches missile strikes at suspected bases of militant Osama bin Laden, accused of bombing US embassies in Africa.
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UN imposes an air embargo and financial sanctions to force Afghanistan to hand over Osama bin Laden for trial.
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Ahmad Shah Masood, leader of the main opposition to the Taliban - the Northern Alliance - is assassinated.
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After the 9/11 attacks, many Hazara have actually moved into leadership positions within Afghanistan.
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US-led bombing of Afghanistan begins following the September 11 attacks on the United States. Anti-Taliban Northern Alliance forces enter Kabul shortly afterwards.
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Afghan groups agree deal in Bonn, Germany for interim government.
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Hamid Karzai is sworn in as head of an interim power-sharing government.
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Deployment of first contingent of foreign peacekeepers - the Nato-led International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) - marking the start of a protracted fight against the Taliban.
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Former king Zahir Shah returns, but makes no claim to the throne and dies in 2007.
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Loya Jirga, or grand council, elects Hamid Karzai as interim head of state. Karzai picks members of his administration which is to serve until 2004.
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Nato takes control of security in Kabul, its first-ever operational commitment outside Europe.
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Loya Jirga adopts new constitution which provides for strong presidency.
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Hazara man runs for the presidential election of Afghanistan.
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Presidential elections. Hamid Karzai is declared winner.
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Afghans vote in first parliamentary elections in more than 30 years.
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Parliament opens with warlords and strongmen in most of the seats.
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Nato assumes responsibility for security across the whole of Afghanistan, taking command in the east from a US-led coalition force.
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Opium production has soared to a record high, the UN reports.
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President Karzai warns that Afghanistan will send troops into Pakistan to fight militants if Islamabad fails to take action against them.
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Suicide bomb attack on Indian embassy in Kabul kills more than 50.
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US President George Bush sends an extra 4,500 US troops to Afghanistan, in a move he described as a "quiet surge".
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US Defence Secretary Robert Gates tells Congress that Afghanistan is new US administration's "greatest test".
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Nato countries pledge to increase military and other commitments in Afghanistan after US announces dispatch of 17,000 extra troops.
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US President Barack Obama unveils new strategy for Afghanistan and Pakistan. An extra 4,000 US personnel will train and bolster the Afghan army and police and there will be support for civilian development.
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Presidential and provincial elections are marred by widespread Taliban attacks, patchy turnout and claims of serious fraud.
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Mr Karzai declared winner of August presidential election, after second-placed opponent Abdullah Abdullah pulls out before the second round.
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US President Obama decides to boost US troop numbers in Afghanistan by 30,000, bringing total to 100,000. He says US will begin withdrawing its forces by 2011.
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An Al-Qaeda double agent kills seven CIA agents in a suicide attack on a US base in Khost.
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Nato-led forces launch major offensive, Operation Moshtarak, in bid to secure government control of southern Helmand province.
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Whistleblowing website Wikileaks publishes thousands of classified US military documents relating to Afghanistan.
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General David Petraeus takes command of US, ISAF forces.
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Dutch troops quit.
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Karzai says private security firms - accused of operating with impunity - must cease operations. He subsequently waters down the decree.
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Parliamentary polls marred by Taliban violence, widespread fraud and a long delay in announcing results.
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Nato - at summit in Lisbon - agrees plan to hand control of security to Afghan forces by end of 2014.
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President Karzai makes first official state visit to Russia by an Afghan leader since the end of the Soviet invasion in 1989.
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Number of civilians killed since the 2001 invasion hit record levels in 2010, Afghanistan Rights Monitor reports.
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Burning of Koran by a US pastor prompts country-wide protests in which foreign UN workers and several Afghans are killed.
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Some 500 mostly Taliban prisoners break out of prison in Kandahar.
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President's half-brother and Kandahar governor Ahmad Wali Karzai is killed in Taliban campaign against prominent figures.
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Ex-president Burhanuddin Rabbani - a go-between in talks with the Taliban - is assassinated.
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As relations with Pakistan worsen after a series of attacks, Afghanistan and India sign a strategic partnership to expand co-operation in security and development.
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President Karzai wins the endorsement of tribal elders to negotiate a 10-year military partnership with the US at a loya jirga traditional assembly. The proposed pact will see US troops remain after 2014, when foreign troops are due to leave the country.
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At least 58 people are killed in twin attacks at a Shia shrine in Kabul and a Shia mosque in Mazar-i-Sharif.
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Pakistan and the Taleban boycott the scheduled Bonn Conference on Afghanistan. Pakistan refuses to attend after a Nato air strike killed Pakistani soldiers on the Afghan border.
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Taliban agree to open office in Dubai as a move towards peace talks with the US and the Afghan government.
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At least 30 people are killed in protests about the burning of copies of the Koran at the US Bagram airbase. US officials believed Taliban prisoners were using the books to pass messages, and that they were extremist texts not Korans. Two soldiers are also killed in reprisal attacks.
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US Army Sgt Robert Bales is accused of killing 16 civilians in an armed rampage in the Panjwai district of Kandahar.
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Taliban announce "spring offensive" with audacious attack on the diplomatic quarter of Kabul. The government blamed the Haqqani Network. Security forces kill 38 militants.
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New French President Francois Hollande says France will withdraw its combat mission by the end of 2012 - a year earlier than planned.
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Nato summit endorses the plan to withdraw foreign combat troops by the end of 2014.
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Arsala Rahmani of the High Peace Council is shot dead in Kabul. A former Taliban minister, he was crucial in reaching out to rebel commanders. The Taliban deny responsibility.
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Tokyo donor conference pledges $16bn in civilian aid to Afghanistan up to 2016, with US, Japan, Germany and UK supplying bulk of funds. Afghanistan agrees to new conditions to counter corruption.
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The US military discipline six soldiers for accidentally burning copies of the Koran and other religious texts in Afghanistan. They will not face criminal prosecution. Three US Marines are also disciplined for a video in which the bodies of dead Taliban fighters were urinated on.
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US hands over Bagram high-security jail to the Afghan government, although it retains control over some foreign prisoners until March 2013.
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The US also suspends training new police recruits in order to carry out checks on possible ties to Taliban following series of attacks on foreign troops by apparent police and Afghan soldiers.
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President Karzai and Pakistan's Asif Ali Zardari agree to work for an Afghan peace deal within six months after talks hosted by Britain's Prime Minister David Cameron. They back the opening of an Afghan office in Doha and urge the Taliban to do the same for talks to take place.
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Two former Kabul Bank chiefs, Sherkhan Farnood and Khalilullah Ferozi, are jailed for the multi-million dollar fraud that almost led to its collapse and that of the entire Afghan banking system in 2010.
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Afghan army takes command of all military and security operations from Nato forces.
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President Karzai suspends security talks with the US after Washington announces it plans to hold direct talks with the Taliban. Afghanistan insists on conducting the talks with the Taliban in Qatar itself.
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Consultative loya jirga assembly of elders backs President Karzai's proposed security agreement to provide US military with bases after Nato troops formally withdraw in 2014. President Karzai delays signing the deal.
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Taliban suicide squad hits a restaurant in Kabul's diplomatic quarter, the worst attack on foreign civilians since 2001. The 13 foreign victims include IMF country head.
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Start of the presidential election campaign, which is marked by a rise in attacks by the Taliban.
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Presidential election
