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French & Indian War
During the late 17th and the first half of the 18th centuries, begun a war between France and the Great Britain. Each war begun in Europe but spread to their overseas colonies. after 6 relatively peaceful years, the French-British conflict reignited. -
Treaty of Paris 1763
The war officially ended with the signing of the treaty of Paris. Britain claimed Canada and virtually all of North America east of the Mississippi river. Britain took land from Spain which it was an allied of France -
Proclamation of 1763
The British established a Proclamation Line along the along the Appalachians. Which the colonists were not allowed to crossed. But the colonists ignored this proclamation and surpass Native American land. -
Sugar Act & Colonists Respond
Since Britain borrowed so much money that they doubled their national debt. King George III and his prime Minister, George Grenville, established the sugar act. Which it did 3 things to the colonists; It placed duties on certain imports. It halved the duty on foreign-made molasses in the hopes colonists would pay a lower tax rather than the risk arrest by smuggling. Colonist accused of violating the act would be tried by a vice-admiralty court. Merchants claimed that they shouldn't be tax. -
Writ of assistance
s a written order (a writ) issued by a court instructing a law enforcement official, such as a sheriff or a tax collector, to perform a certain task. -
Stamp Act & colonists respond
The Stamp Act imposed a tax on documents and printed items such as wills, newspaper, and playing cards. In may, of 1765 colonists united defy the law. In October 1765 merchants in New York, Boston, and Philadelphia agreed to boycott British goods. In March, of 1766 the Parliament repealed the law. -
Declaratory Act
The same day the Parliament repealed the Stamp Act, the Parliament passed the Declaratory Act, which asserted the Parliament's full right "to bind the colonies and people of America in all cases whatsoever" -
Sons of Liberty is formed & Samuel Adams
The Sons of Liberty, a well-organized Patriot paramilitary political organization shrouded in secrecy, was established to undermine British rule in colonial America and was influential in organizing and carrying out the Boston Tea Party. Samuel Adams, one of the founders if the Sons of Liberty, the colonists again boycotted British goods -
Townshend Acts & colonists response
The townshend acts were taxed goods that were imported into the colony of Britain, such as lead, glass, and paper. The acts also imposed a tax on tea, the most popular drink in the colonies. The colonists again boycotted Britain goods. -
Boston Massacre
A mob Gathered in front of the Boston Customs House and taunted the British soldiers standing guard there. Shots were fired and five colonists, including, Crispus Attucks, were killed or mortally wounded. Colonial leaders quickly labled the confrontation the Boston Massacre. -
Tea Act
In 1773, Lord North devised the Tea Act in order to save nearly to bankrupt British East India Company. The grant act granted the company the right to sell tea to the colonies free of the taxes that colonial tea sellers had to pay. -
Boston Tea Party
A large group of rebels disguised themselves as Native Americans and proceeded to take action against three British ships anchored in the harbor. The "Indians" dumped 18,000 pounds of the East India Company's tea into the waters of Boston Harbor -
Intolerable Acts
The Intolerable Acts were punitive laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 after the Boston Tea Party. The laws were meant to punish the Massachusetts colonists for their defiance in the Tea Party protest in reaction to changes in taxation by the British to the detriment of colonial goods. -
First Continental Congress meets
In response to British's actions, the committees of correspondence assembled The First Continental Congress. In September 1774, 56 delegates met in Philadelphia and drew up a declaration of colonial rights. They defended the colonies' right to run their own affairs and stated, if the British used force against the colonies, the colonies should fight back -
Minutemen
Minutemen-civilian soldiers who pledged to be ready to fight against the British on a minute's notice-quietly stockpiled firearms and gunpowder. General Thomas Gage soon learned about these activities. In spring of 1775, he ordered troops to march from Boston nearby concord, Massachusetts, and seize illegal weapons -
Second Continental Congress
The Second Continental Congress was the governing body of the American colonies from 1775 to 1781. It was founded when the British failed to address the grievances of the First Continental Congress and to organize a Continental Army to fight. -
Continental Army
After the second Continental congress, some delegates called for independence, while others argued to reconciliation with the Great Britain.Despite such a differences, the Congress agreed to recognize the colonial militia as the Continental Army and appointed George Washington as it's commander -
Loyalist and Patriots
Loyalist-those who opposed independence and remained loyal to the crown. Patriots-the supporters of independence. -
Battle of Lexington
As the British soldiers neared the town, they saw 70 minutemen drawn up in lines on the village green. The British commander ordered them to laying down their guns but the minutemen refused. Then, someone fired, and the British soldiers sent to volley of shots into the department militia. -
Battle of Concord
The British arrived to Concord but only to find an empty arsenal. The British quickly marched to where the minutemen were located, but it was a slaughter. More than 3000 minutemen were lined up and ready to fight. Fight that the colonies won. -
Battle of Bunker Hill
On June 17, 1775, early in the Revolutionary War (1775-83), the British defeated the Americans at the Battle of Bunker Hill in Massachusetts. Despite their loss, the inexperienced colonial forces inflicted significant casualties against the enemy, and the battle provided them with an important confidence boost. -
Olive Branch Petition
On July 8, Congress sent the king the so-called Olive Branch Petition, an urging to return to "the former harmony" between Britain and the colonies -
John Locke's social Contract
John Locke, and English philosopher, contended, every society is based on a social contract-an agreement in which the people consent to choose and obey the government so long as its safeguard their natural rights. If the government violates the social contract by taking away or interfering with those rights, people have the right to resist and even overthrow the government. -
Publication of Common Sense
Thomas Pained, in a widely read 50 page pamphlet titled Common Sense Paine attacked King George and the monarchy. Paine, a recent immigrant, argued that responsibility for British tyranny lay with "the royal brute of Britain." -
Interesting facts 1
During the war, African-American slaves served on both sides of the war. The British offered freedom to slaves who escaped their masters and served with loyalist forces. After 1776, George Washington raised a small number of black only units. -
Interesting 3
In 1776, the population of the 13 American colonies was estimated at 2.4 million. 85% of the white population was of British descent, with 9% of German origin and 4% Dutch. -
Dlecaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence is one of the most important documents in the history of the United States. It was an official act taken by all 13 American colonies in declaring independence from British rule. ... The war between the colonies and Great Britain was called the American Revolutionary War. Virginia lawyer Thomas Jefferson was chosen to prepare the final draft. -
Redcoats push Washington's army across the Delaware River into Pennsylvania
Crossing the Delaware. On December 25, 1776 George Washington and the Continental Army crossed the Delaware River into New Jersey in a surprise attack on the British. They had a decisive victory that helped turn the war back to the American's favor. It was the cold of winter. -
Washington's Christmas night surprise attack
Washington crossed the Delaware River so that his army could attack an isolated garrison of Hessian troops located at Trenton, New Jersey. ... After several councils of war, General George Washington set the date for the river crossing for Christmas night 1776. -
Saratoga
The Battle of Saratoga, actually a series of military conflicts between September and October 1777 that took place near Albany in Saratoga County, New York, was a turning point in the Revolutionary War because it ultimately convinced the French of America's strength.the two Battles of Saratoga were a turning point in the American Revolution. He surrendered ten days later, and the American victory convinced the French government to recognize the colonist's cause & enter the war as their ally. -
Friedrich von Steuben and Marquis de Lafayatte
aron Friedrich von Steuben, a Prussian military man hired by George Washington to whip the Continental Army into shape during the darkest days of the Revolutionary War, is known for his bravery and the discipline and grit he brought to the American troops. Marquis de Lafayette was a French general who played an important part during the Revolutionary War. He volunteered his time and money to help the Americans. He was able to help the Americans win the war and was treated as a hero. -
French-American Alliance
The Franco-American alliance was the 1778 alliance between the Kingdom of France and the United States during the American Revolutionary War. Formalized in the 1778 Treaty of Alliance, it was a military pact in which the French provided many supplies for the Americans. -
Valley Forge
The six-month encampment of General George Washington's Continental Army at Valley Forge in the winter of 1777-1778 was a major turning point in the American Revolutionary War.The defeats had led some members of the Continental Congress to want to replace Washington, believing he was incompetent. -
British surrender at Yorktown
Cornwallis' surrender at Yorktown effectively ended the Revolutionary War. Lacking the financial resources to raise a new army, the British government appealed to the Americans for peace.After three weeks of non-stop bombardment, both day and night, from cannon and artillery, Cornwallis surrendered to Washington in the field at Yorktown, effectively ending the War for Independence -
British victories in the south
Several American victories, such as the Battle of Ramseur's Mill, the Battle of Cowpens, and the Battle of Kings Mountain, also served to weaken the overall British military strength. The culminating engagement, the Siege of Yorktown, ended with the surrender of British General Lord Cornwallis on October 19, 1781 -
Treaty of Paris
The significance of the Peace Treaty of Paris 1783 was that: The American Revolutionary War was formally ended. The British acknowledged the independence of the United States. The colonial empire of Great Britain was destroyed in North America. U.S. boundaries were established. -
Interesting Fact 2
Approx 42,000 British sailors deserted in the war. American colonies also had difficulties raising troops due to the economic need to stay on a farm. 90% of the American population worked on farms.
