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Start of the Cold War
The Cold War was a war between Russia and The United States, after the end of World War II. One of the earliest events which triggered the ongoing tension between the nations, was former British Prime Minister, Winston Churchhill, who said in 1946 that there was an "iron curtain" which had fallen across Europe caused by Russia. Russia responded with the Zhdanov Doctrine in 1947, which stated that the United States was seeking gobal domination through imperialism. -
Newfoundland Joins Confederation
The depression of the 130's hit Newfoundland hard, they were forced to go back to Britian for help, giving up their independence. After WWII, Newfoundland would have to make a huge decision; return to self government, join Canada in Confederation, or return to be a British Colony. Ultimately the people voted to join the Confederation with Canada, and on March 31 1949, Newfoundland became an official province of Canada. -
Canada Joins NATO
NATO, or the North American Treaty Organization is a political and military treaty signed in Washington on April 4th 1949. Canada has been a part of NATO since its original signing. NATO is designed to promote the stability of North America and protect the freedom of its residents. -
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Korean War
The Korean war was a war between North and South Korea. The UN was on the side of South Korea, and China was on the side of North Korea, also assisted by Russia.The war was caused by the division of Korea at the end of WWII and the tension that the Cold War caused. The war ended on July 27th 1953 when an armistice. The agreement made the Korean Demilitarized Zone to separate the North and South. All the prisoners were also returned to their countries. -
Immigration Act of 1952
The Immigration Act of 1952 was the first new immigration legislation in Canada since 1910. British citizens from the UK, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa and Irish, French, and U.S. citizens were allowed to immigrate under the act long as they could support themselves until finding a job. Asian immigration was limited to spouses or unmarried children under the age of 21. -
Warsaw Pact
The Warsaw Pact was a treaty created between the Eight Communist Eastern Eaurpean States. It was basically the oppisite to NATO. The Warsaw Pact was created in part in reaction to the intergration of West Germany to NATO in 1955, but was mainly created so Russia could maintain their control over Europe. -
Vietnam War Begins
The Vietnam War was a war that started on November 1st 1955 in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia, triggered by tensions due to the Cold War. It was fought between North Vietnam, which was supported by communist countries such as Russia and China, and South Vietnam, supported by the United States, Canada, and other anti-communit countries. -
Suez Crisis
The Suez Crisis, also known as the Tripartite Aggression, happened in late 1956, when Israel invaded Egypt, and then was invaded by England and France.The goal of the invasion was to regain Western control of the Suez Canal and and remove the Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser from power. Israel fullfilled some of its goals in the invasion, and as a result of the conflict, the UN created UNEF Peacekeepers to patrol the boarder of Egypt and Israel. -
John Diefenbaker
John Diefenbaker was a Canadian Prime Minister from June 21 1957 to April 22 1963. He was a part of the Conservative Party. During his six years in office, he obtained the passage of the Canadian Bill of Rights and made it legal for Aboriginal peoples to vote. -
Canada Joins NORAD
NORAD or the North American Air Defence System was an agreement made between the United States and Canada on August 1st 1957 and was intended to be a system of defensive measures, and to act as a warning system to North America in case of an attack by Russia. -
AVRO Arrow
The AVRO Arrow was a delta-winged interceptor aircraft armed with missiles designed by AVRO Canada. The Arrow is deemed to be the most technically advanced and the best aerodynamic achievement for the Canadian aviation industry. -
Quiet Revolution
The Quiet Revolution was an intense period of socio-economic and socio-political change in Quebec in the 1960's. The primary change was that the provincial goverenment gained more control over health cre and education, which was previously controled by the Roman Catholic Church. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
The Cuban Missile Crisis was a 13-day confrontation in October 1962 between the United States and the Russia over Russian missiles being set off in Cuba. It was highly brodcasted on TV, and was the closest the Cold War ever got to going into a full-scale nuclear war. -
Lester Pearson
Lester Pearson was the Canadian Prime Minister from April 22nd 1963 to April 20th 1968. He was part of the liberal party. In 1957 Lester Pearson won the Nobel Prize for Peace for organizing the United Nations Emergency Force to resolve the Suez Canal Crisis. -
National Medicare Act
In 1966. the Pearson minority government created a National Medicare Program of which Ottawa was paying 50% of provincial halth care costs. Before this program, doctors could charge whatever they wanted for their services, which often caused bankrupcy among Canadian citizens. Now citizens could get universal access to necessary physician and hospital services, regardless of their financial situation. -
Trudeau Prime Minister
Joseph Elliott Trudeau was the Prime Minister of Canada from April 20th 1968 to June 4, 1979, and again from March 3, 1980 to June 30, 1984. He was a part of the Liberal Party. He was best known for preserving national unity against the Quebec sovereignty movement, suppressing a violent revolt in Quebec, and establishing the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. -
October 1970 Crisis
The October Crisis was a series of events triggered by two kidnappings of government officials by members of the FLQ during October 5th 1970 to December 28th 1970. The kidnappings were triggered yb the FLQ's Quebec Nationalist beliefs. -
Vietnam War Ends
In January 1973, the Paris Peace Accords were signed to bring peace and end direct U.S. military involvement in Vietnam. However, the South and the North continued fighting until the North's victory on April 30th, 1965. -
Immigration Act of 1978
The Immigration Act of 1978 focused on who should be let into Canada, rather than who should be kept out. This act gave more power to the provinces to create their own immigration laws and "prohibited classes". People who wanted to immigrate to Canada who had become a burden on social welfare or health services would now be refused entry, rather than specific categories of people such as metally disabled or homosexual. -
Russia invades Afganistan
The Soviet-Afgan War was fought between Soviet-led Afgan troops and groups called the Mujahideen, from December 24th 1979 to February 15th 1989. It arose -
Constitution Act 1982
The Constitution Act of 1982 is part of Canada's Constitution. This Act introduced many new ammendments andwassigned by Queen Elizabeth II on April 17 1982. It introduced th Aboriginal Rights clause, and Equalization and equal opportunity. -
Jeanne Sauvé
Jeanne Sauvé was a Canadian jouralist, politician and stateswoman, and first ever female Governor General of Canada. During her term of office, she emphazied peace, national unity and young people. -
Brian Mulroney
Brain Mulroney was the Prime Minsiter of Canada from September 17th 1984 to June 25th 1993. He was the leader of the Progressive Conservative Party. As a Prime Minister he introduced many new reforms such as the Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement and the Goods and Services Tax, and the rejection of reforms such as the Meech Lake Accord and the Charlottetown Accord -
Meech Lake Accord
The Meech Lake Accord was the result of an attempt by Prime Minister Brian Mulroney to win Québec's consent to the revised Canadian Constitution, ogfwhich the Québec government's rejected in 1981. The result was an agreement between the federal and provincial governments to reform the Constitution by strengthening provincial powers and declaring Québec its own society. -
Canadian Multicultural Act
The Canadian Multiculturalism Act was a law passed on July 21st 1988 which was designed to preserve and enhance multiculturalism in Canada. Prime Minister Pierre Elliott Trudeau, declared in 1971 that Canada would implement a multicultural policy which would recognize and respect diversity in languages, customs and religions. -
End of the Cold War
The long standing Cold War finally started to come to an end in the mid-1980's. When Mikhail Gorbachev became a very powerful leader of the Soviet Union in 1985, it sparked a revolution of the Russian people. The Eastern Bloc began to crumble, and eventually on Novemeber 10th 1989, the monumentous Berlin Wall, separating East and West Germany fell. This caused revolution in neighbouring countries, and by the end of that year, all of the leaders had been outed from power, except Bulgaria. -
Oka Protest
The Oka Protest was a standoff between mohawk protesters, police and the army from July 11th 1990 to September 26th 1990. The crisis was caused by the planned development of a piece of land to a golf course and condos, which was sacred mohawk burial grounds. -
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Gulf War
The Gulf War, also known as codename Operation Desert Sheild, was a war fought by coalition forces from 34 nations, lead by the United States against Iraq. This war was triggered by Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait. This war is known for its introduction of live news broadcasts. It was an indefinite victory for the Coalition forces, who drove Iraqi military out of Kuwait and also moved into Iraqi territory. -
Charlottletown Accord
The Charlottetown Accord was a failed attempt to ammend the Canadian Constitution by Prime Minsiter Mulroney and all 10 provincial premiers. The Accord was designed to gain Quebec's consent to the Constitution Act of 1982, and to distribute many federal powers to provincial governments. The Accord was ultimately rejected by Canadian voters. -
NAFTA Agreement
NAFTA or the North American Free-Trade Agreement was a regulation which was implemented on January 1st 1994 which eliminated most of the tarrifs of trade between Canada, Mexico and the United States. Most of these tarrifs (mainly on goods such as cars, textiles and agriculture) where phased out by January 1st 2008. This greatly incresed the amount of trade between Mexico, Canada and the United States. -
Rwandan Genocide
The Rwandan Genocide was a mass slaughter of Tutsi and Hutu by members of the Hutu, which is the majority in Rwanda. The genocide lasted from April 7th 1994 to Mid-July 1994, and it is estimated that 500,000-1,000,000 people were slain. The genocide was planned by members of the Akazu, who were politically elite and held many of the top positions in Rwandan politics. The genocide was triggered by the events of the Rwandan civil war, which was ongiong between Hutu gov. and the RPF. -
Kyoto Accord
The Kyoto Accord is an international treaty which commits each state to reduce greenhouse gas emmisons based on the premise that global warming does exsist. It was adopted in Kyoto, Japan on December 11th 1997. There are currently 192 parties involved, excluding Canada, as we withdrew in December 2012. -
Nunavut Territory
Nunavut was the 3rd territory of Canada, established by the Nunavut Act in 1993, and officially separted from the NWT on April 1st 1999 -
Nisga'a Treaty
The Nisga'a Treaty was a treaty betwen the Nisg̱a'a, the government of British Columbia, and the Government of Canada. In Nass River valley nearly 2,000 square kilometres of land was officially recognized as Nisg̱a'a, and a 300,000 decameter water reservation was also created in the nam of the Nisga'a.
