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voilence occurs towards Chinese on the gold fields
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There were 6 British colonies in Australia. They could decide some things themselves, but the laws were made in Britain.
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Each colony was now allowed to elect their own government, but still the big decisions were made in made in Britain. People in the colonies were starting to talk about joining together to be one natioin instead of 6 little colonies. Joining together like this called federation.
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A meeting was held to discuss federation. Each colony sent 7 people. They started to write a constitution which is a list of rules about how the nation's parliment is going to work.
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The federation groups decide that the people of Australia should vote to decide if federation should take place.
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Meetings discussed the draft constitution and made changes and a new draft. Queensland was the only colony that did not send people to the meetings. Because some colonies were much smaller than others, it was decided to have parliment the way United states did - the number of people from each state in the House of Representatives depends on how many poeple in each state, but each state has the number of people in the Senate.
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People in all the colonies colonies except Queensland and Western Australia voted on the constitution, but New South Wales they did not agree to what was written and vote failed.
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The premiers met to discuss the things that worried the other colonies, and changes were made to constitutution. One change was that that there would be a new capital built between Sydeny and Melbourne, because both they thought that should be capital city. People in all colonies except Western Australia voted for the constitution, and this time it was successful.
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Meanwhile, there was a gold rush in Western Australia and people from all over the country were going over there to look for gold. The Western Australians started to change their minds about federation, and in August they voted to be part of it.
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A commitee took the constitution to London to pursuade the British Parliment to pass a law allowing five colonies to join together and form one nation. The law was passed in May and signed by the Queen Victoria in July saying that on the first of January 1901 New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia and Tasmania would become states in the commenwealth of Australia.
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Australia becomes a nation. The Government takes controol of all Australian colonial army and naval forces. Australia's reaches 3773801, but Aboriginal peoples are nnot included in the census. The winning design for the Australian flag is announced.
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On 1st January 1901 the first Govenor General, Lord Hopetoun officialy declared that there were six stetes forming the Commenwealth of Australia.
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The first parliment was opened in Mebourne on 9th of May 1901
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Women in Tasmania get the vote. The High Court of Australia is formed. Alfred Deakin becomes the second Prime Minister of Australia
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Deakin becomes Prime Minister for the second time.
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The site of natioinal capital is chosen. Andrew Fisher becomes Prime Minister.
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