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Bank Holiday (First New Deal)
Relief: Many people were withdrawing their money from banks and keeping it at home, so Franklin Delano Roosevelt declared a four-day banking holiday that shut down the banking system. This was followed by the Emergency Banking Act which was intended to restore Americans’ confidence. -
Civilian Conservation Corps (First New Deal)
Relief: Work-relief for 2 million unemployed unmarried men 17-25 years old
Sent to rural areas and lived in barracks, subject to military-type discipline
$588 a month Built reservoirs and bridges, planted trees, road construction -
Agricultural Adjustment Act (First New Deal)
Recovery: aimed to boost agricultural prices by reducing surpluses through subsidies for farmers to limit production -
National Industrial Recovery Act (First New Deal)
Recovery: A key New Deal program aimed at stimulating economic recovery during the Great Depression. It addressed the economic hardships of the Great Depression by promoting industrial cooperation and establishing codes for fair practices, including minimum work hours, and the right to organize and bargain collectively. It was the creation of industry-specific codes of fair practice -
Securities Exchange Commission (First New Deal)
Reform: Created to regulate the stock market and prevent another crash -
Works Progress Administration (Second New Deal)
Relief: This large-scale unemployment relief program involved hiring millions of people to build airports, roads, and libraries. -
National Labor Relations/Wagner Act (Second New Deal)
Reform: The National Labor Relations Act guaranteed the right to join and form an independent labor union and engage in collective bargaining. It established a legal framework that empowers workers to negotiate wages, benefits, and working conditions with their employers. Additionally, the Act set forth procedures for resolving labor disputes and safeguarding employees from unfair practices in the workplace. -
Social Security Act (Second New Deal)
Relief: This created a federal safety net for the elderly, unemployed, disabled, and disadvantaged Americans, establishing programs for old-age, survivors, and disability insurance. It was funded by a payroll tax on workers and employers. Social Security provided old-age pensions for Americans at age 65 and was also America’s first welfare program because it provided payments for bild, handicapped, and needy children. -
FDR’s Supreme Court Packing Plan (Second New Deal)
Reform: Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed a bill to expand the membership of the Supreme Court, so his New Deal legislation wouldn’t be striked down. He filled the courts with judges that would sway the votes in his favor. This angered civilians because they believed he was overstepping boundaries. -
Fair Labor Standards Act (Second New Deal)
Reform: The Fair Labor Standards Act established crucial labor protections in the United States. It set strict guidelines on child labor, established a legal minimum wage, and guaranteed overtime compensation for eligible workers. These provisions were designed to protect employees from exploitation and promote fair labor practices across industries.