Geronimo Geologic Timeline

Formation on Earth

4500 BCE

Comets were forming Earth and Earth was molten

Earth is cooling

4400 BCE

Earth is cooling and solidifying is starting to form on the surface

Earth is cover in water vapor

4000 BCE

Earth was under water, it rains for million of years
It results as a water world, it lasts 1/2 billion years
It was a vast ocean, 1/8 of Earth's surface
The water is green because Earth is rich on iron
The atmosphere is dense like in Venus
The temperature exceeds 200F

Earth is dominated by ocean

3400 BCE

Oceans dominate Earth
Granite appears
Continents start to form, they are made of basalt and salt water

Formation of the continents

2500 BCE

Continents arrived
It's a granite planet
Stromatolite - oxygen rejected by stromatolite filled the atmosphere with oxygen
The water ad now iron oxide therefore it turns "blue"

Continent on movement

1500 BCE

The continent are moving due to the plate tectonic
Paradoxides

Rodinia

1000 BCE

Rodinia is a continent without life on it - no plant, no forest, no grass plante,...
It had affected the ocean life
It covers the South pole
At this period of time, the Equator is the place where the water is the warmest.

Snow Ball

700 BCE

The ice is covering the whole planet
algae and bacteria only survived
A massive species extinction took place

End of the Snow Ball - Volcanic activity

650 BCE

Beneath the ice there were volcanic activities, the heat led to the end of the Snow Bowl
Rodinia has been broken into island
The life is blooming, geologist found fossil window
The ozone get created, UV shield appears that's why complex organism arises otherwise the sun would have killed them that's why they were at first under water

Cambrian

541 BCE

The Cambrian Period is the first geological time period of the Paleozoic Era (the “time of ancient life”). This period lasted about 53 million years and marked a dramatic burst of evolutionary changes in life on Earth, known as the "Cambrian Explosion." Among the animals that evolved during this period were the chordates — animals with a dorsal nerve cord; hard-bodied brachiopods, which resembled clams; and arthropods — ancestors of spiders, insects and crustaceans.

Ordovician Period

485 BCE

During this period, the area north of the tropics was almost entirely ocean, and most of the world's land was collected into the southern supercontinent Gondwana. Throughout the Ordovician, Gondwana shifted towards the South Pole and much of it was submerged underwater. The Ordovician is best known for its diverse marine invertebrates, including graptolites, trilobites, brachiopods, and the conodonts (early vertebrates).

Silurian Period

443 BCE

During this time, continental landmasses were low and sea levels were rising. This meant rich shallow sea ecosystems with new ecological niches. Silurian fossils show evidence of extensive reef building and the first signs that life beginning to colonize the new estuary, freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. Beginning in the late Ordovician and continuing throughout the Silurian and into the Devonian, the three northern continents collided, forming the new supercontinent, Euramerica.

Devonian

419 BCE

It is often known as the “Age of Fishes,” although significant events also happened in the evolution ( plants, fish, insects ... ) The close of the Devonian Period is considered to be the second of the “big five” mass extinction events of Earth’s history. It is known to have had at least two prolonged episodes of species depletion and several shorter periods. Causes of the extinction are debated but may be related to cooling climate from CO2 depletion caused by the first forests.

Carboniferous

358 BCE

The term "Carboniferous" comes from England, in reference to the rich deposits of coal that occur there.
In the United States it has been separated into the Mississippian (early Carboniferous) and the Pennsylvanian (late Carboniferous) Subsystems
In addition to having the ideal conditions for the formation of coal, several major biological, geological, and climatic events occurred during this time.

Earth became a tropical swaps

300 BCE

Carboniferous appears, it means that life is mainly made of carbon
Coal is the result of this tropical time
The oil and gas are the result of the layer of the mud from that period of time
The first biosphere appears ( amphibian and reptil on the land )

Permian Period

298 BCE

The glaciation was widespread, and latitudinal climatic belts were strongly developed. Climate warmed throughout the Permian times, and, by the end of the period, hot and dry conditions were so extensive that they caused a crisis in Permian marine and terrestrial life. This dramatic climatic shift may have been partially triggered by the assembly of smaller continents into the supercontinent of Pangea.

Permian Period

251 BCE

The largest mass extinction in the Earth’s history occurred during this period. This mass extinction was so severe that only 10 percent or less of the species present during the time of maximum biodiversity in the Permian survived to the end of the period.
Permian rocks are found on all present-day continents; however, some have been displaced considerable distances from their original latitudes of deposition by tectonic transport occurring during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras.

Triassic Period

251 BCE

It followed the great mass extinction at the end of the Permian Period and was a time when life outside of the oceans began to diversify.
Most of the continents were concentrated in the giant C-shaped supercontinent known as Pangaea. Climate was generally very dry over much of Pangaea with very hot summers and cold winters in the continental interior.
The first mammals evolved near the end of the Triassic Period from the nearly extinct Therapsids.

Most massive extinction

250 BCE

For one million year, the volcanoes remained erupting
95% of the species were extinct
It was the MOST cataclysmic event on Earth

Panagea

240 BCE

It's the Dinosaurs area ( Dinosaur means "terrible lizard")
Dinosaurs have warm blood

Jurassic

201 BCE

Great plant-eating dinosaurs roaming the earth, feeding on lush ferns and palm-like cycads and bennettitales … smaller but vicious carnivores stalking the great herbivores … oceans full of fish, squid, and coiled ammonites, plus great ichthyosaurs and long-necked plesiosaurs … vertebrates taking to the air, like the pterosaurs and the first birds.
Named for the Jura Mountains on the border between France and Switzerland, where rocks of this age were first studied.

Cretaceous

145 BCE

The Cretaceous is usually noted for being the last portion of the "Age of Dinosaurs". During this time, we find the first fossils of many insect groups, modern mammal and bird groups, and the first flowering plants.
The most famous of all mass extinctions marks the end of the Cretaceous Period, about 65 million years ago. As everyone knows, this was the great extinction in which the dinosaurs died out, except for the birds,

Volcanoes destroyed Earth (again)

100 BCE

Volcanoes erupted again
Due to their explosion they have formed diamond
Iridiums

K-T extinction event

65 BCE

A comet collapsed on Earth and creates the K-T extinction

Tertiary Period

65 BCE

It spanned the transition from a globally warm world containing relatively high sea levels and dominated by reptiles to a world of polar glaciation, sharply differentiated climate zones, and mammalian dominance. It began in the aftermath of the mass extinction event.
The Tertiary witnessed the dramatic evolutionary expansion of not only mammals but also flowering plants, insects, birds, corals, deep-sea organisms, marine plankton, and mollusks ( particular snail/clams), among many other groups.

Mountains Formation

50 BCE

The Alps are two continent ( Africa and Europe ) that ran into each other due to the plate tectonic operation

The result of the collision pushed up the land so high that it created a mountain
To be exact, two continent plane have over cover each other continent plate tectonic 6 millions years ago, the Grand Canyon have being form by big river who uplift and create the landscape

Ice Age

2 BCE

Earth is cooling around once again
Glacier are formed by initiary snow flaw
Louis Agces discovered the Ice Age

Quaternary Period

2 BCE

It has been lost to erosion, and the sediments are not usually altered by rock-forming processes. Quaternary rocks and sediments, being the most recently laid geologic strata, can be found at or near the surface of the Earth in valleys and on plains, seashores, and even the seafloor.
It is common to see the “Ice Age” described in popular magazines as a time in which the “ice caps expanded from the North and South poles to cover much of the Earth.”