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A primary source that depicts the nature of Germanic tribes as well as the decline of the Roman Empire through comparing the Romans to these "barbaric" tribes
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A decree issued by Constantine that declared the tolerance of all religions.
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A statement of the orthodox Christian faith that traces back to the time of the Council of Nicea.
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This would allow for Constantinople to stand strong more many years as well as allow attempts over the years in trying to gain back the Western part of the Roman empire.
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The Romans leave England in hopes of protecting other more valuable parts of the Empire as a whole. Remaining English and Romans were defenseless against the incoming invading Germanic tribes.
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Frankish Dynasty created by Childeric I
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A code of law issued during the reign of Clovis.
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Justinian was allowed to conquer much territory, with the help of his influential wife Theodora, being the last emperor in the succession to try to gain back the Western part of the Empire.
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A series of riots that broke out through political factions in chariot races which caused a lot of destruction. However, this destruction allowed for the Hagia Sophia to be built, which has an iconography of both Christianity and Islam.
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The Anglo Saxon invasion occurred due to anger caused by Vortigern who neglected to pay the tribes after using them for his own military advantage.
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A history of the Frankish people written by Gregory of Tours in an ecclesiastical viewpoint excusing the crimes of religious Frankish kings, which allowed him to write about King Clovis in a good light.
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Here, Muhammad had a vision to unify all of the people into one Muslim tribe.
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Muhammad returns and creates an army of Muslims to advance towards Mecca. During this conquest, Muhammad called out the dangerous statement "He who dies valiantly in battle, will be rewarded in heaven" which has lead to the thinking of Jihad, wrong ideas about Islam.
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Believed that Muhammad ascended into heaven here.
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The Venerable Bead's writing captures his skilled story telling in English storytelling, which allowed Bead to become a great historian as well as use his talent to write propaganda for the church.
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Dynasty of Frankish aristocrats that established rule in Western Europe
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A dynasty centered in modern- day Turkey that took over the Holy Land during the 9th century who threatened the Byzantine Empire with their existence.
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This event gave Pope more power, especially over emperors.
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Alive from 849-899 CE, philosopher prince that translated Roman work to Anglo Saxons.
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A literary epic poem that reflects Anglo Saxons' culture and values. Written in the 10th century, Beowulf depicts religious syncretism between Christianity and Norse Mythology.
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Along with this separation of both churches, followed a series of excommunications from the Popes of both churches.
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The Norman invasion lead up to the Battle of Hastings, in which the Normans won and this lead to their conquest. With their rule, they helped make the feudal system stronger as well as brought stone castles to England. The Bayeux Tapestry depicts all of the events that lead up to the Norman invasion of England.
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A speech given by Pope Urban II at the time, stating reasons for Crusaders to go on a crusade. These reasons include that the Muslims are invading, to reclaim the holy land, the population is too large with scarce food, to go get land since landless lords need some, and to repent your sins.
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Crusade to reconquer Holy Land from Saladin
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An old text that tells of Norse mythology written by Snorri Sturlson that depicts the Norse god Thor, who reflects Germanic qualities of short- tempered, boastful, arrogant, brave, and strong. In the Prose Edda, Snorri Sturlson mentions how "man lost the name of God" as a free pass to talk about pagan religion without being persecuted at the time.
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Crusade called by Pope Innocent III to conquer Jerusalem going through Egypt.
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Event where thousands of young people set out to recover Jerusalem from the Muslims.
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A crusade led to reclaim holy land by first conquering the Ayyubid state in Egypt.
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Launched by Frederick II, after the failure of the 5th crusade, which involved very little fighting.
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Called by Pope Innocent IV, after the fall of Jerusalem in 1244.
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A crusade launched by King Louis IX of France.
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Started by future Edward I of England, considered the last major Crusade.
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Went on pilgrimage to Mecca but ended up traveling all over Asia and recorded his travels in a book which he published which translates to "Travels".
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Constantinople was conquered by the Ottoman Army, under Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II
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