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This was the beginning of the first crusade Pope Urban II launched this to try to reclaim Jerusalem. As the band of knights marched their first destination was to Constantinople.
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This was the crusaders first step onto Islamic territory and after winning the battle of civetot the Turks would then go to the crusaders camp with merciless brutality. They would take away young girls and nuns and beardless men
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A fortress near Damascus was assaulted and then was looted. This would then be the first occasion in which Pogroms were starting to edge towards the "war of conversion"
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May 1097, the Crusaders and their Byzantine allies attacked what is now Turkey, the Seljuk capital in Anatolia. The city would then surrender in late June.
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Due to the relations between the Crusaders and Byzantine leaders there combined force continued its march through Anatolia.This would lead to the capturing the great Syrian city of Antioch in June 1098.
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After 3 years crusaders finally reached the city of Jerusalem, it took forty days for them to control it. The success of the first crusade would lead to Christians fighting against neighboring countries
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Edessa around this time was a crusader type of state and would then be captured by a leader named Mosul.Crusade was strategized to where anyone could join.
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Led by two rulers, King Louis VII of France and King Conrad III of Germany, the Second Crusade began in 1147. The combined Muslim forces dealt a humiliating defeat to Crusaders, decisively ending Second Crusade Nur al-Din would add Damascus to his expanding empire in 1154.
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The reason for the Third Crusade was due to Crusaders capturing Jerusalem. The Christian cities of Syria opened their gates to Saladin and at last Jerusalem itself surrendered after a short siege.
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The Pope decided for a new crusade in 1198 and Europe and Byzantine struggled. Fourth Crusade ended with the conquest and looting of tByzantine capital later that year.
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This was led by a French peasant boy named Stephen of Cloyes. Reason for Stephen doing this was because he was persuaded that Jesus Christ commanded him to lead this crusade to rescue the Holy sepulchre.
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Despite t failure of the Fourth Crusade, the Pope continued to want military expeditions to the Holy Land of Jerusalem. They would then chose to start their expedidtion in Egypt.
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Damietta was under the control of Ayyubid Al-Kamil and was besieged and taken by the Crusaders in 1219. knights laid siege to the city of Damietta with help of Frisian fleet and a flotilla from the Republic of Genoa under Simone and Pietro Doria.
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Cusaders came to a halt on July 1221 near Mansura their path blocked by Ashmoun Canal. Having the chance to gain Jerusalem the crusaders were forced to accept Egyptian terms, surrendering Damietta in return for a relics of no value to Moslem Egyptians.
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The Holy Roman Emperor Frederic II who led the campaign at the time under excommunication. Frederick II entered negotiations with an Egyptian sultan who agreed to leave Jerusalem, Nazareth, Bethlehem and other holy cities to Christians.
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Frederick enetered Jerusalem on 18 February 1229, where being crowned King of Jerusalem and returning to Italy, where in he regained control of Naples and finally making peace with the Pope in August.
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Seventh Crusade started by French king Louis IX who decided to capture tthe Holy Land again by conquering Egypt first. The leaders of the Fifth Crusade and Louis IX agreed to capture Damietta but failed to capture Cairo. Would later have a ransom to be released from jail.
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Through Arpil 6th 1250 Egyptians broke French infantry that represented the majority of crusades. Louis would then be captured and a month later released, after being released he would then abandon the crusade and return to France.
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Prince Edward of England began his expedition to recapture the Holy Land from Muslims. Prince Edward’s departure attempts of Christian Europe to capture the Holy Land finally ended.
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Louis IX decided to launch his second crusade. He would later decide to start their expedidtion in Tunis. Disease broke out among troops shortly after and the French king who got ill himself died shortly after.
