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Period: 3300 BCE to 1200 BCE
The Bronze Age
The Bronze Age is the period of history in which the metallurgy of this metal was developed, resulting from the alloy of copper with tin. -
Period: 1200 BCE to 550 BCE
The Iron Age
The Iron Age is the period in which the use of iron as a material for making weapons and tools necessary for everyday use was discovered and popularized. In some ancient societies, the metallurgical technologies necessary to work iron appeared simultaneously with other technological and cultural changes, often including changes in agriculture, religious beliefs and artistic styles, although this has not always been the case. -
100 BCE
Epitaph of Sicylum
The Epitaph of Sicylus is the oldest complete musical composition currently preserved, it is a part of a Greek inscription written on a marble column placed over the tomb that Sicylus had built for his wife Euterpe. -
Period: 476 to 1453
Middle Ages
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600
Gregorian chant
The Gregorian was the liturgical chant of the church of Rome, influenced by the Gallican in the second half of the 8th century, whose extension to the entire West took place at the same time as that of the Latin rite itself, of which it was the acoustic expression. -
722
The Reconquista
The Reconquista is the period in the history of the Iberian Peninsula lasting approximately 780 years between the Umayyad conquest of Hispania and the fall of the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada. The beginning of the Reconquista is marked by the Battle of Covadonga (718 or 722), the first known victory. After 1492 the entire peninsula was controlled by Christian rulers. The Reconquista was followed by the Edict of Granada (1492) which expelled the Jews from Castile and Aragon. -
991
Guido d’Arezzo
Guido d'Arezzo; was an Italian Benedictine monk and musical theorist who constitutes one of the central figures of the music of the Middle Ages along with Hucbaldo. His fame as a pedagogue was legendary in the Middle Ages and today he is remembered for the development of a notation system that specifies the pitch of the sound using lines and spaces, as well as for the dissemination of a sight-singing method based on the syllables ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la. -
1135
Bernart de Ventadorn
Bernart de Ventadorn was a satirical poem written by a younger contemporary, Peire d'Alvernha, indicating that he was the son of a servant, a soldier or a baker, and his mother was also a servant or baker. Víctor Balaguer, for his part, reports that he was the son of a stoker from the Ventadorn castle. -
1150
Leonin
Léonin or Magister Leoninus is, along with Perotín, the first known composer of polyphonic organum, related to the School of Notre Dame. An anonymous English monk, currently known by the name Anonymous IV, wrote a century after his death that Léonin was the best composer of organum for the expansion of divine service. This is the only written reference we have of Léonin. -
1155
Perotin
Perotín, called in French Pérotin le Grand or in Latin Magister Perotinus Magnus, was a medieval French composer, who was born in Paris between 1155 and 1160 and died around 1230. Considered the most important composer of the School of Notre Dame of Paris, in which The polyphonic style began to take shape. He revised the Grand livre d'organum between 1180 and 1190. -
Sep 17, 1179
Hildegard von Bingen
Hildegard von Bingen was a German holy Benedictine abbess and polymath, active as a composer, writer, philosopher, scientist, naturalist, physician, mystic, monastic leader and prophetess during the Middle Ages. Also known as the Sibyl of the Rhine and the Teutonic prophetess , is also one of the most famous composers of sacred monophony, as well as the most recorded in modern times. In addition, she is recognized by many experts as the mother of natural history. -
Nov 23, 1221
Alfonso X el Sabio
Alfonso the port of Rabat and conquered Cádiz. In 1264, he had to face an important revolt by the Mudejars of Murcia and the Guadalquivir valley. As the son of Beatrice of Swabia, he aspired to the throne of the Holy Roman Empire, so he dedicated more than half of his reign to this project without obtaining any positive results. In 1273, he founded the Council of the Mesta of Alfonso X. -
1310
Ars antiqua
Ars antiqua, also called Ars veterum, refers to the music of Europe of the late Middle Ages approximately between 1170 and 1310, covering the period of the Notre Dame School of polyphony and the years after. It includes the 12th and 13th centuries. This is followed by other periods in the history of medieval music called ars nova and ars subtilior. -
1377
Guillaume de Machaut
Guillaume de Machaut was a medieval French clergyman, poet and composer. His projection was enormous and he is historically the greatest representative of the movement known as Ars nova, being considered the most famous composer of the 14th century. He contributed to the development of the motet and secular song. He composed the Messe de Nostre Dame in four parts, which is the first known polyphonic mass written by a single composer. -
Sep 2, 1397
Francesco Landini.
Francesco Landini or Landino was an Italian composer, organist, singer, poet, instrument maker and astrologer. He was one of the most famous and admired composers of the second half of the 14th century and without a doubt the most famous composer in Italy. The details of his life are only partially known, but as research has progressed, especially in the archives of Florence, some aspects have been clarified. -
1400
Ars nova
Ars nova is an expression due to the theorist Philippe de Vitry that designates musical production, both French and Italian, after the last works of the ars antiqua until the predominance of the Burgundian school, which will occupy first place in the musical panorama of the West. in the 15th century. -
Feb 3, 1468
Johannes Gutenberg
Johannes Gutenberg, was a German goldsmith, inventor of the modern printing press with movable type. His most recognized work is the Line Bible, which is considered the first book printed with movable type, and which was key to the spread of the ideas of Martin Luther and with it the Protestant Reformation. He was involved in a famous court case in his native Mainz, where details of his hitherto secret invention were aired. -
Jun 12, 1468
Juan del Encina.
Juan de Fermoselle was a poet, musician and playwright of the Spanish Renaissance during the time of the Catholic Monarchs. Together with Juan de Anchieta, Juan de Urreda, Joan Cornago and Francisco de Peñalosa, he was one of the greatest exponents of religious and secular polyphony in Spain at the end of the 15th century and beginning of the 16th century, during the reign of the Catholic Monarchs. -
Nov 10, 1483
Martín Lutero
Martin Luther, born Martin Luder, was an Augustinian theologian, philosopher, and friar who initiated and promoted the Protestant Reformation in Germany and whose teachings inspired the theological and cultural doctrine known as Lutheranism. Luther exhorted the Church to return to the original teachings of the Bible, which produced a restructuring of the Catholic Christian churches in Europe. -
Period: 1492 to
The Modern Age
The Modern Age is the third of the historical periods into which universal history is conventionally divided, comprising between the 15th and 18th centuries. -
Oct 12, 1492
Discovery of America
Discovery of America is the name given to the arrival in America of an expedition from Castile led by Christopher Columbus by order of the Catholic Monarchs, Isabel I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon. -
1500
Cristóbal de Morales
Cristóbal de Morales was a Spanish Catholic priest and choirmaster, the main representative of the Andalusian polyphonic school and one of the three greats, along with Tomás Luis de Victoria and Francisco Guerrero, of Spanish polyphonic composition of the Renaissance. His music is vocal and sacred, with only a couple of exceptions. He is probably the best Spanish composer of the first half of the 16th century and his fame which immediately spread throughout Europe, survived for centuries to come -
Mar 30, 1510
Antonio de Cabezón
Antonio de Cabezón was a Spanish organist, harpist and composer of the Renaissance. He went blind as a child, an adverse circumstance that did not prevent him from having a brilliant musical career. He lived in Burgos. In Palencia he probably received teachings from García de Baeza, organist of the cathedral. In 1526 he was organist of the musical chapel of the Empress Isabel of Portugal, and he entered the service of the Emperor Charles I as organist of his Castilian chapel. -
Feb 3, 1525
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina was an Italian Renaissance composer of sacred music and the best-known representative of the 16th-century Roman School of musical composition. He had a lasting influence on the development of church and secular music in Europe, especially in the development of counterpoint, and his work is considered the culmination of Renaissance polyphony. -
1532
Orlando di Lasso
Orlando di Lasso, also known as Orlandus Lassus, Roland de Lassus, Roland Delattre or Orlande de Lassus was a Franco-Flemish composer of the late Renaissance. Along with Palestrina and Victoria, he is considered one of the most influential composers of the 16th century. -
1533
Andrea Gabrieli
Andrea Gabrieli was an Italian composer and organist of the late Renaissance. Uncle of perhaps the more famous composer Giovanni Gabrieli, he was the first internationally renowned member of the Venetian School of composers. He was highly influential in the dissemination of the Venetian style in both Italy and Germany. -
1544
Maddalena Casulana
Maddalena Casulana was an Italian composer, lute player and singer of the late Renaissance. She was the first woman composer to have an entire volume of her music printed and published exclusively in the history of Western music. Very little is known about her life. -
1548
Tomás Luis de Victoria
Tomás Luis de Victoria was a Catholic priest, choirmaster and famous polyphonic composer of the Spanish Renaissance. He has been considered one of the most relevant and advanced composers of his time, with an innovative style that announced the imminent Baroque. His influence reaches into the 20th century, when he was taken as a model by composers of Cecilianism. -
1557
Giovanni Gabrieli
Giovanni Gabrieli was an Italian composer and organist, born and died in Venice. One of the most influential musicians of his time, he represents the culmination of the Venetian school, framing the transition from Renaissance music to Baroque music. -
Mar 8, 1566
Carlo Gesualdo
Carlo Gesualdo, Prince of Venosa and Count of Conza, was an Italian composer, one of the most significant figures of late Renaissance music, with intensely expressive madrigals and sacred music pieces with a chromaticism not heard again until the late 19th century. The best-known event of his life was the murder of his first wife and her lover when they were found "in flagrante delicto". Long forgotten, he was rediscovered in the 20th century due to the fascination with his extraordinary music -
May 15, 1567
Claudio Monteverdi
Claudio Monteverdi, whose full name was Claudio Giovanni Antonio Monteverdi, was an Italian composer, viola da gamba player, singer, choirmaster and priest. He composed both secular and sacred music and marked the transition between the polyphonic and madrigal tradition of the 16th century and the birth of lyric drama and opera in the 17th century. He is a crucial figure in the transition between Renaissance and Baroque music. -
Giacomo Carissimi
Giacomo Carissimi was one of the most eminent Italian composers of the early Baroque period and a leading exponent of the Roman School. He was born in Marino. At the age of 20 he took up the post of chapel master in Assisi, a position he held for several years. He received several offers to work at important venues in Venice and Vienna, including an offer to take over St. Mark's in Venice from Claudio Monteverdi, but he declined the offers. -
Antonio Stradivari
Antonio Stradivari was the most prominent Italian luthier. The Latin form of his surname, Stradivarius, is used to refer to his instruments. Stradivari was best known by the Latinized form of his name, Stradivarius, and is arguably the most celebrated string instrument maker in the history of music. In 1682 he set up on his own in the Piazza San Domenico in Cremona, in the same building as his teacher, and soon gained fame as a maker of musical instruments. -
Henry Purcel
Henry Purcell was an English composer of the Baroque period. Considered one of the greatest English composers of all time, he incorporated French and Italian stylistic elements into his music, creating a uniquely English style of Baroque music. He began composing at the age of 18, but the first work that can be identified with certainty as his authorship is the Ode for the King's Birthday written in 1670. -
Barbara Strozzi
Barbara Strozzi was an Italian singer and composer of the Baroque period. During her lifetime she published 8 volumes and had more secular music in print than any other composer of the period. This was achieved without any support from the Catholic Church and without the constant patronage of the nobility. Strozzi's life and career have been overshadowed by claims that she was a courtesan (cannot be confirmed) as at the time female music was assumed to be an intellectual asset of a courtesan. -
Antonio Vivaldi
Antonio Vivaldi was a Venetian composer, violinist, impresario, teacher and Catholic priest of the Baroque period. He is considered one of the greatest Baroque composers, his influence during his lifetime extended throughout Europe and he was fundamental in the development of the instrumental music of Johann Sebastian Bach. He composed some 770 works, including more than 400 concertos, for flute, violin, ... musical instruments, and about 46 operas. He is also the author of The Four Seasons. -
Georg Philipp Telemann
Georg Philipp Telemann was a German Baroque composer, although his work also had characteristics of early Classicism. He is considered the most prolific composer in the history of music, and studied law at the University of Leipzig. In a short autobiography written for the collection Grundlage einer Ehrenpforte by his friend Johann Mattheson, Telemann described with insight and good critical judgment his first lessons, making clear his innovative position regarding the music of that time. -
Georg Friedrich Händel
Georg Friedrich Händel was a German composer, later naturalized English, considered one of the leading figures in the history of music, especially Baroque music, and one of the most influential composers of Western and universal music. In the history of music, he is the first modern composer to have adapted and focused his music to satisfy the tastes and needs of the public, rather than those of the nobility and patrons, as was usual. -
Johann Sebastian Bach
Johann Sebastian Bach was a German composer, musician, conductor, choirmaster, singer and teacher of the Baroque period. He was the most important member of one of the most prominent musical families in history, with more than 35 famous composers: the Bach family. He was widely known as an organist and harpsichordist throughout Europe for his great technique and ability to improvise music on the keyboard. In addition to the organ and harpsichord, he played the violin and viola da gamba. -
Franz Joseph Haydn
Franz Joseph Haydn, known as Joseph Haydn, was an Austrian composer. He is one of the greatest representatives of the Classical period, in addition to being known as the "father of the symphony" and the "father of the string quartet" thanks to his important contributions to both genres. He also contributed to the instrumental development of the piano trio and the evolution of the sonata form. -
Maria Anna Walburga Ignatia Mozart
Maria Anna Walburga Ignatia Mozart, also called Nannerl and Marianne, was a famous musician of the 18th century. She was the older sister of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and daughter of Leopold and Anna Maria Mozart. -
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozarta, better known as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, was a German composer, pianist, conductor and teacher,1 of the former Archbishopric of Salzburg (formerly part of the Holy Roman Empire, currently part of Austria). Master of classicism, he is considered one of the most influential and outstanding musicians in history. -
Christoph Willibald Gluck
Christoph Willibald Gluck, from 1756 Knight of Gluck was a German composer, from the region of Bohemia, Czech Republic. He is considered one of the most important opera composers of Classicism in the second half of the 18th century. -
Maria Theresia von Paradis
Maria Theresia von Paradis was an Austrian pianist and composer. Although she lost her sight completely at the age of three, this did not prevent the production and work of this great pianist, singer and composer from continuing to stand out. Her contributions were fundamental to the musical education of her time, especially for the blind. She aroused great interest in renowned composers of her time, including Mozart and Haydn. -
Period: to
The Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution is the process of economic, social and technological transformation that began in the second half of the 18th century. The Industrial Revolution marks a turning point in history, modifying and influencing all aspects of daily life in one way or another. Production in both agriculture and the nascent industry multiplied while production time decreased. -
Ludwig van Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethovena was a German composer, conductor, pianist and piano teacher. His musical legacy spans, chronologically, from Classicism to the beginnings of Romanticism. He is considered one of the most important composers in the history of music and his legacy has decisively influenced the subsequent evolution of this art. -
Gioachino Rossinia
Gioachino Rossinia was an Italian composer who gained fame for his 39 operas, although he also wrote many songs, some chamber and piano music, and some sacred music. He set new standards for both comic and serious opera before retiring from large-scale composition while still in his thirties, at the height of his popularity. -
Franz Peter Schubert
Franz Peter Schubert, known as Franz Schubert, was an Austrian composer of the principles of musical Romanticism and, at the same time, a continuator of the classical sonata following the model of Ludwig van Beethoven. He composed seven complete symphonies, sacred music, operas, incidental music and a large number of works for piano and chamber music. Among his main works are the Trout Quintet, the Unfinished Symphony and the Large Symphony. -
Louis Hector Berlioz
Louis Hector Berlioz was a French composer and a leading figure of Romanticism. His best-known work is the Symphonie fantastique, which premiered in 1830. Berlioz was born in France at La Côte-Saint-André, between Lyon and Grenoble. His father was a doctor and sent young Hector to Paris in 1821 to study medicine. Berlioz was horrified by the process of dissection and despite his father's disapproval, he abandoned his studies to study music. -
Robert Schumann
Robert Schumann was a 19th-century German composer, pianist and music critic, considered one of the most important and representative composers of the musical Romantic period. Schumann left his law studies, intending to pursue a career as a virtuoso pianist. His teacher Friedrich Wieck had assured him that he could become the best pianist in Europe, but a hand injury ended this dream and he focused his musical energies on composition. -
Franz Liszt
Franz Liszt was an Austro-Hungarian Romantic composer, virtuoso pianist, conductor, piano teacher, arranger and lay Franciscan. His Hungarian name was Liszt Ferencz, in modern usage Liszt Feren, and from 1859 to 1865 he was known officially as Franz Ritter von Liszt. -
Wilhelm Richard Wagner
Wilhelm Richard Wagner was a German composer, conductor, poet, essayist, playwright and musical theorist of the Romantic period. His operas are particularly notable, which the composer himself described as "musical dramas" and in which, unlike other composers, he also took charge of the libretto and the stage design. -
Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verd
Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi was an Italian romantic opera composer, one of the most important of all time. His work bridges the gap between the bel canto of Rossini, Bellini and Donizetti, and the current of verismo and Puccini. In his early operas he showed sympathy for the Risorgimento movement, which sought the unification of Italy. -
Clara Wieck
Clara Wieck, known as Clara Schumann, was a German pianist, composer and piano teacher. She was one of the great European concert pianists of the 19th century and her career was key in the dissemination of the compositions of her husband, Robert Schumann. Considered one of the most distinguished pianists of the Romantic era, she exerted her influence in a concert career spanning 61 years, -
Bedřich Smetana
Bedřich Smetana was a composer born in Bohemia, a region that was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire during his lifetime. He was a pioneer in the development of a musical style that was closely linked to Czech nationalism. For this reason, he is recognized in his country as the father of Czech music. Internationally, he is known for his opera The Bartered Bride and for the cycle of symphonic poems Má vlast (My Homeland) which depict the history, -
Johannes Brahms
Johannes Brahms was a German composer, pianist and conductor of the Romantic period, considered the most classical of the composers of that period. Born into a Lutheran family, he spent much of his professional life in Vienna. -
Modest Músorgski
Modest Mussorgsky was a Russian composer, member of the group "The Five". His works include the opera Boris Godunov (1872), the symphonic poem A Night on Bald Mountain (1867) and the piano suite Pictures at an Exhibition (1874). -
Piotr Ilich Chaikovski
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky was a Russian composer of the Romantic period. He is the author of some of the most famous classical music works in the current repertoire, such as the ballets Swan Lake, The Sleeping Beauty and The Nutcracker, the 1812 Overture, the fantasy overture Romeo and Juliet, the First Piano Concerto, the Violin Concerto, his Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Symphonies and the operas Eugene Onegin and The Queen of Spades. -
Antonín Leopold Dvořák
Antonín Leopold Dvořák was a post-Romantic composer from Bohemia, one of the first Czech composers to achieve worldwide recognition and one of the great composers of the second half of the 19th century. He frequently employed rhythms and other aspects of the folk music of Moravia and his native Bohemia, following the example of his predecessor, the Romantic-era nationalist Bedřich Smetana. -
Edvard Hagerup Grieg
Edvard Hagerup Grieg was a Norwegian composer and pianist, considered one of the main representatives of late Romanticism. He adapted many themes and songs from his country's folklore, thus contributing to the creation of a Norwegian national identity, just as Jean Sibelius did in Finland or Antonín Dvořák in Bohemia. His most important works are: the piano concerto in A minor, the intimate Lyric Pieces and especially Peer Gynt, -
Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov
Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakova was one of the group of composers known as the Famous Five. Considered a master of orchestration, his best-known orchestral works—the Capriccio Espagnol, the Great Russian Easter Overture, and the symphonic suite Scheherezade—are rated among the major works of the classical music repertoire, as are the suites and excerpts from some of his fifteen operas. Scheherezade exemplifies his frequent use of fairy tales and folk themes. -
Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy
Felix Mendelssohn was a German composer, conductor and pianist of romantic music, a member of the same family as the pianist and composer Fanny Mendelssohn and the philosopher Moses Mendelssohn. Raised in the Jewish faith, he later converted to Lutheranism and adopted the surname Mendelssohn-Bartholdy. In his childhood he was considered a musical prodigy, but his parents did not try to take advantage of his abilities. -
Frédéric François Chopina
Frédéric François Chopin was a French-Polish teacher, composer and virtuoso pianist, widely regarded as one of the most important in history and one of the greatest exponents of musical romanticism who wrote primarily for solo piano. He has maintained a worldwide renown as one of the leading musicians of his era, whose "poetic genius was based on a professional technique unmatched in his generation." -
Hugo Filipp Jakob Wolf
Hugo Filipp Jakob Wolf was an Austrian composer of Slovenian origin who lived in Vienna during the late 19th century. An enthusiastic follower of Richard Wagner, he became involved in the disputes that existed in Vienna at that time between Wagnerians and formalists or Brahmsians. He was a very enthusiastic person, but also very unbalanced. -
Gustav Mahler
Gustav Mahler was an Austro-Bohemian composer and conductor whose works are considered, along with those of Richard Strauss, the most important of the post-Romantic period. In the first decade of the 20th century, Gustav Mahler was one of the most important conductors and opera directors of his time -
Achille Claude Debussya
Achille Claude Debussya was a French composer, one of the most influential of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Some authors consider him the first impressionist composer, although he categorically rejected the term. -
Jean Sibelius
Jean Sibelius was a Finnish composer and violinist of the late Romantic and early Art Nouveau periods. He is widely regarded as his country's greatest composer, and through his music is often credited with helping Finland develop a national identity during its struggle for independence from Russia. -
Arnold Schönberg
Arnold Schönberg was an Austrian composer, music theorist and painter of Jewish origin. Since emigrating to the United States in 1934, he adopted the name Arnold Schoenberg, which is how he usually appears in English-language publications and around the world. He is recognized as one of the first composers to delve into atonal composition, and especially for the creation of the dodecaphony technique based on series of twelve notes. -
Joseph Maurice Ravel
Joseph Maurice Ravel was a French composer of the 20th century. His work, often linked to Impressionism, also displays a bold neoclassical style and, at times, traits of Expressionism, and is the fruit of a complex heritage and musical discoveries that revolutionised music for piano and orchestra. Recognised as a master of orchestration and for being a meticulous musical craftsman, cultivating formal perfection while remaining at the same time deeply human and expressive. -
Manuel de Falla
Manuel de Falla y Matheu was a Spanish composer of musical nationalism, one of the most important of the first half of the 20th century, along with Isaac Albéniz, Enrique Granados, Joaquín Turina and Joaquín Rodrigo, and one of the most important Spanish composers of all time. -
Béla Viktor János Bartók
Béla Viktor János Bartók was a Hungarian musician who distinguished himself as a composer, pianist and researcher of Eastern European folk music. He is considered one of the greatest composers of the 20th century. He was one of the founders of ethnomusicology, based on the relationships that unite ethnology and musicology. -
Joaquín Turina Pérez
Joaquín Turina Pérez was a Spanish composer and musicologist who represented nationalism in the first half of the 20th century. He, Manuel de Falla and Isaac Albéniz composed the most important works of impressionism in Spain. His most important works are Danzas Fantasticas and La Procesión del Rocío. -
Zoltán Kodály
Zoltán Kodály was a prominent Hungarian musician whose musical style first went through a post-Viennese-Romantic phase and then evolved into its main characteristic: the mixture of folklore and complex 20th-century harmonies, shared with Béla Bartók. He studied in Galánta, the city to which he dedicated his famous Dances, and in Nagyszombat. Later, in Budapest, he entered the Franz Liszt Academy of Music, where he studied with Hans von Koessler. -
Heitor Villa-Lobos
Heitor Villa-Lobos was a Brazilian conductor and composer. His music was influenced by both Brazilian folk music and European classical music. -
George Gershwin
George Gershwin was an American musician, composer and pianist. He is popularly known for having managed to create a perfect blend of classical music and jazz, which can be seen in his prodigious works. -
The First World War
The First World War, also previously called "The Great War", was a military conflict of global character, although centered in Europe, which began on July 28, 1914 and ended on November 11, 1918, when Germany accepted the conditions of the armistice. -
Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini
Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini, better known simply as Giacomo Puccini, was an Italian opera composer, considered among the greatest of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was a visionary, creator of the musical concepts that would govern cinema during the 20th century. -
World war 2
World War II was a global military conflict that took place between 1939 and 1945. It involved most of the world's nations, including all the great powers, as well as practically all European nations grouped into two opposing military alliances: the Allies, on the one hand, and the Axis Powers, on the other. -
The Cold War
The Cold War was a political, economic, social, ideological, military and propaganda confrontation that took place after World War II between two main blocs: Western (capitalist) and Eastern (communist). These blocs were led by the United States and the Soviet Union. -
Chernobyl accident
The Chernobyl accident was a nuclear accident. It is considered the worst nuclear accident in history, and together with the Fukushima I nuclear accident in Japan in 2011, as the most serious on the International Nuclear Accident Scale. -
The fall of the Berlin Wall
The fall of the Berlin Wall was a popular uprising that took place in the capital of East Germany, East Berlin, as a result of which the defensive fortifications of those countries that separated the former American, British and French occupation sectors of West Berlin from the Soviet occupation sector of East Berlin were demolished, along with the de facto open border. -
Caída de la URSS
The Soviet Union, officially called the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, was a federal socialist state that spanned Eastern Europe and North Asia, composed of several Soviet Socialist Republics. -
Twin Towers Attack
The September 11, 2001 attacks were a series of four jihadist suicide terrorist attacks carried out in the United States on the morning of Tuesday, September 11, 2001, by the terrorist group Al Qaeda. -
the fall of the roman empire
The Visigoth king Alaric occupied and sacked Rome. From then on, invasions continued until 476, when the last emperor of the West, Romulus Augustus, was deposed by the German Odoacer.