-
Grito De Dolores
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla along with his followers calls for independence which sparks the start of the Mexican War of independence. This is importance because it marks the beginning of the armed struggle for Mexican independence from Spain -
Battle of Guanajuato
Rebel forces captured the city of Guanajuato after a bloody battle with Spanish troops this was a major victory for the rebels showing their potential strength(34) -
Period: to
The Rise of Jose Maria Morelos
Jose Morelos took over the leadership role of the independence after hidalgos death and organized a more discipline campaign. He brought new energy and structure to the rebellion securing important victories along the way to expanding the support for independence.(38) -
Hidalgo’s Execution
After several months of fighting, Hidalgo was captured and executed by a firing squad this was a major a major blow to the independence movement, but did spark greater resolve in the rebels.(37) -
The Constitution of Apatzingan
Morelos and independence leaders declared the constitution of Apatzingan, outlining a new government this document established the principles for a new independent Mexican nation though it was never fully implemented due to continued conflict (40) -
Spanish Reconquest
Spain reasserted control over large parts of Mexico pushing back the independence movement. This weakened the independence movement but it also led to the formation of a more determined resistance. -
The Formation of the Trigarante Army
Agustin de Iturbide who was initially a royalist officer switched sides and formed the Trigarante Army with Vicente Guerrero who was an important rebel leader this alliance between former enemies led to the pivotal plan of Iguala which would shape the independence of a new nation.(43) -
The plan of Iguala
A Political and military agreement between Iturbide and Guerrero that called for Mexican independence equality and the protection of the Catholic Church this plan was essential for gaining broad support for independence set the stage for the defeat of Spain.(44) -
The Treaty of Cordoba
Spanish representatives formalized spains recognition of Mexican independence, effectively ending the colonial period. This solidified Mexico’s independence from Spain.(45) -
Iturbide Coronation as Emperor
Agustin de Iturbide declared himself Emperor of Mexico, marking the creation of the Mexican Empire.