-
British Mandate
After the fall of the Ottoman Empire the British promised to create a Jewish homeland and Palestine (along with a few other territories). Britain accomplished somethings, but not all and the conflict for Palestine still resumes today. -
The Balfour Declaration
The Balfour Declaration was a letter sent from the United Kingdom's Foreign Secretary that made the support of a Jewish state public. The United Kingdom didn't exactly support the idea of a Jewish homeland, they aimed to use the declaration as a way to get the United States to join World War I. -
Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire
The dissolution of the Ottoman Empire is the period after the fall of the Ottoman Empire when a lot of religious groups began to revolt. These revolts included four wars against Russia, poor attempts to modernize what was left of the Ottoman Empire, and extreme economic problems. -
Persia Becomes Iran
In 1935, there was a debate to change Persia to Iran, which is basically just "Persia" in Persian. The suggestion came from an Iranian official who went to Germany and was under influcence of the Nazis. He got the idea of naming it Iran from the idea of Germany and the pure "Aryan" race. -
The UN Partition Plan for Palestine
The UN Partition Plan for Palestine was a plan for the future government of Palestine. The Plan included the independent creation of Arab and Jewish states and the Special International Regime for Jerusalem. As soon as the British were going to pull out of Israel in order to make the independent states, a Civil War broke out between Palestinians and the Jews. -
Israeli Declaration of Independence
The day before the British Mandate was going to end Israel was declared as an independent state. The declaration said that Israel would give equal rights to every citizen without discrimination. -
1953 Iranian Coup
In the 1953 Iranian Coup, the United States and United Kingdom work together with Iranian supporters to overthrow the democatically elected government of Iran and reinstate the shah, or king (because of the fear of receiving no oil trade with Iran's democractically elected government). This brings Iran back from a democracy to an absolute monarchy. -
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad is a controversial figure in Middle Eastern politics. He caused a slow in the ecnomic growth of Iran, violated many human rights, and has been hostile to many nations like the United States and Israel. -
Suez Crisis
A war against Egypt and the Palestinians fought with Israel, the United Kingdom, and France. The United States and Soviet Union led the United Kingdom and France into a withdraw after accomplishing the minor goals (opening a canal for trade needs). -
The 6 Day War
Fought by Israel and the neighboring Arab states which was made up of Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Morocco, Algeria, and others. The war began with Israeli attacks on Egyptian air fields and a Israeli attack on the Jordan controlled West Bank. At the end of these 6 days of war, Israel had won and taken full control of the Gaza Strip (from Egypt), Sinai Penninsula (from Egypt), West Bank (from Jordan), East Jerusalem (from Jordan), and Golan Heights (from Syria). -
Anwar Sadat
The third president of Egypt that was assassinated by fundamentalists. He reinstituted a multi-party state, He negotiated peace treaties with Israel which one him the Nobel Peace Prize, but also made him unpopular amongst some Arabs. -
Yom Kippur War
The Yom Kippur war began with a surpirse attack on Israel from Egypt, Syria, Iraq, Jordan, Soviet Union, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Cuba, PLO, and North Korea. The war only lasted a number of days, but had the first peace discussion amongst the Arab and Israeli officials since 1948. -
Camp David Accords
Papers signed by the Egyptian President and Israeli Prime Minister that made peace between Egypt and Israel. The papers called for the Gaza Strip and West Bank to become self governing states. It also gave Egypt the Sinai Penninsula back. -
The Iranian Revolution
The Iranian Revolution was to overthrow the shah that was being supported by the United States and United Kingdom. It replaced the absolute monarchy with an Islamic Republic. When the shah left, Iran voted to become an Islamic Republic and establish a democractic-theocratic constitution. -
Iran Hostage Crisis
After a group of Iranian milltiants and students took over the American Embassy in Tehran, a group of 52 American embassy workers were held hostage from November 4th 1979 - January 201th 1981. The hostages were released only minutes after Ronald Regean was sworn into office as President of the United States. -
The Persian Gulf War
The Iranian Revolution was to overthrow the shah that was being supported by the United States and United Kingdom. It replaced the absolute monarchy with an Islamic Republic. When the shah left, Iran voted to become an Islamic Republic and establish a democractic-theocratic constitution. The Iranian Revolution was to overthrow the shah that was being supported by the United States and United Kingdom. It replaced the absolute monarchy with an Islamic Republic. -
Civil War in Yemen
A civil war between the Republic of Yemen and the Democratic Republic of Yemen. The victory went to Democratic Republic. Both sides often have conflicts with each other, the last conflict being in 2007. -
9/11
Four terrorist attacks conducted my al Qaeda agains the United States. Four airplanes were hijacked and flown into suicide missions. One on the World Trade Center in New York City, one on the pentagon in Washington D.C. and one crashed in Pennslyvania. In total, nealry 3,000 people died in the attacks. -
US Invasion of Iraq
The US Invasion of Iraq was to overthrow the Iraq government which was being controlled by Suddam Hussein, who was said to have WMD and ties to al-Qaeda. After nearly 21 days of warfare, the US captured Suddam Hussein and handed him over to country officials who hung him. These were the actions that led to the beggining of the Iraq War. -
Period: to
Arab Spring (2010-Present)
The Arab Spring is a ton of revolutionary revolts in the Middle East regaurding political corrupition, inflation, unemployment, human rights violations, and many others. The places well known in the Arab Spring are Tunisia (12/18/2010 - 1/14/2011), Egypt (1/25/2011 - 2/11/2011), Libya (2/15/2011 - 10/23/2011), Yemen (1/27/2011 - 2/27/2012), Syria (3/15/2011 - Present), and Bahrain (2/14/2011 - Present). -
JERUSALEM IDENTIFICATION
Jerusalem is one of the oldest cities of the world. It's located in what is presently Israel. In the history of Jerusalem, it has been destroyed twice, beseiged 23 times, attacked 52 times, and captured and recaptured 44 times. -
BRITISH MANDATE IDENTIFICATION
The British Mandate proclaimed that the British would establish territories of Palestine and Transjordan, while making a Jewish state.
