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Hitler Joins the Nationalist Socialist German Workers Party (Nazis)
Who: Adolf Hitler. What: The National Socialist German Workers Party (The Nazis). The Nazi party was a group that ruled Germany through totalitarian. It was founded in 1919 and they promoted German pride and anti-Semitism. Where: Germany. When: The Nazi party was founded in 1919. He also joined in 1919. Why: The Nazi party was very unhappy with the terms of the Treaty of Versaille and thought they were treated unfairly. Political Event -
Period: to
Creating the Rules for Peace
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Mussolini Forms the Fascist Party in Italy
Who: Benito Mussolini. He was an Italian politician and journalist. What: The Italian Fascist Party. When: March of 1919. Where: Italy. Why: Mussolini formed the Fascist Party because he wanted to create a new and better empire. He thought fascism was the best way to do this. He and his supporters were also dissatisfied with the gains Italy got from the war. Political Event -
Treaty of Versailles is Signed
Who: Lloyd George of England, Orlando of Italy, Clemenceau of France, and Woodrow Wilson of the United States (the big 4). What: It was a peace treaty to end WW1, create the league of nations, and blamed and punished Germany for starting the war. Where: Paris, France. When: June 28, 1919. Why: The treaty created peace by ending WW1. France and Britain also used it as a way to punish Germany for the damage and death they have caused. Political Event -
Washington Naval Conference
Who: Britain, France, Italy, Japan, and the United States took part in the Washington Naval Conference. What: The Washington Naval Conference. The world's largest naval powers gathered to discuss naval disarmament and ways to relieve growing tensions in East Asia. When: February of 1921 to 1922. Where: Washington DC. Why: The conference was held to limit warship construction on all sides and to ease tension. Political Event -
Mussolini Threatens to March on Rome
Who: Benito Mussolini. He was an Italian politician and journalist. What: The March on Rome. It was an organized plan to ascend to power in Italy. Where: Rome, Italy. When: October of 1922. Why: Mussolini and his supporters wanted full control and power. Political Event -
Hitler Attempts to Overthrow the Weimar Government (Beer Hall Putsch)
Who: Adolf Hitler. What: The Beer Hall Putsch was a failed takeover of the government in Bavaria. The plan was to launch a larger revolution against the Weimar government once they had control of Bavaria. When: Hitler and his supporters tried to overthrow the Bavarian government on November 8th. Where: Munich, Bavaria. Why: Hitler and his supporters were unhappy with the Weimar government and wanted change. Political Event -
Hitler Goes to Prison and Writes Mein Kampf
Who: Adolf Hitler. What: Adolf Hitler was arrested and thrown into prison after his failed attempt at an overthrow of the Bavarian government. During his stay in prison, he wrote an autobiography called Mein Kampf. It outlined his future plans for Germany and his political ideologies. When: November, 1923. Where: Landsberg Prison in Landsberg am Lech. Why: Hitler was arrested and put in prison because he was accused of treason. He tried to overthrow the government. -
Kellogg Briand Pact
Who: France, the United States, Britain, Ireland, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Belgium, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Italy and Japan all signed the pact. What: The Kellogg Briand Pact. It was an agreement to outlaw war. When: August 27, 1928. Where: Signed in Paris, France. Why: The pact was signed to try to stop wars like WWI from happening. Political Event -
Great Depression Ends in Germany
Who: Adolf Hitler. What: With The Great Depression ending, stability finally came to an economically crippled Germany. Where: Berlin, Germany. When: After 1929 the Great Depression ends. Why: This allowed German citizens to spend money and have financial security. Economic Event -
Period: to
Turning Point
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Japan Occupies Manchuria, China
Who: Hideki Tojo (supreme leader). What: Japan invades Manchuria China and later establishes a puppet state. Where: Eastern China, Manchuria. When: September 19, 1931. Why: Japan wanted resources and land for their rapidly growing population. Political Event -
Geneva Disarmament Conference
Who: Members of the League of Nations. What: Geneva Disarmament Conference. A conference that considered reductions to armaments. When: February of 1932. Where: Geneva Why: Countries met at this conference because everyone involved wanted peace and to fix tension/conflicts. Political Event -
Hitler Places Second in German National Elections for President
Who: Adolf Hitler and Paul von Hindenburg. What: With Hitler placing second in the German national elections, he becomes chancellor. Where: Berlin, Germany. When: January 1933. Why: While Hitler may not have won gaining government power paved the way to spreading influence of the Nazi party. Political Event -
Germany Withdraws from League of Nations
Who: The Nazi Party. What: League of Nations. International organization founded after the Paris Peace Conference. It was made to prevent a war from happening again and to fix disputes. Where: Germany. When: October of 1933. Why: Germany withdrew from the League of Nations because the Western powers refused to give in to Germany’s demands for military parity. Political Event -
Period: to
Breaking the Rules of Peace
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President von Hindenburg Dies
Who: President von Hindenburg. What: President von Hindenburg dies. Where: Ogrodzieniec, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland. When: August 2, 1934. Why: This results in Hitler gaining power in Germany and becoming president. Social Event -
Hitler Merges Offices Chancellor and President
Who: Adolf Hitler. What: Hitler merges the offices of chancellor and president after he becomes president. This gives him supreme power of the government. Where: Berlin, Germany. When: August 19, 1934. Why: Without a Chancellor Hitler was able to acquire emergency powers and become a dictator. Political Event -
Mussolini Invades Ethiopia
Who: Benito Mussolini. He was an Italian politician and journalist. What: Invasion of Ethiopia by Mussolini and his fascist Italian party. Where: Ethiopia. When: October 3, 1935. Why: After a border incident between Ethiopia and Italy, Mussolini decided to invade them and make Ethiopia subject to his rule. Political Event -
Hitler Militarizes the Rhineland
Who: Adolf Hitler. What: The Rhineland is a country in western Germany that the Germans, led by Hitler, re-militarized. Where: Western Germany, Rhineland. When: Re-militarized the Rhineland on March 7, 1936. Why: The Treaty of Versailles banned Germany from having/establishing an army in Rhineland. It was a de-militarized zone. The Germans and Hitler wanted this area re-militarized so they took it back and were not met with much retaliation. Political Event -
Hitler Signs Alliance with Mussolini
Who: Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini. What: Coalition formed between Italy and Germany. Where: Berlin, Germany and Rome, Italy. When: October 25, 1936 Why: Both countries would now assist each other in military conflict. Political Event -
Japanese Invasion of China
Who: The Japanese. What: Invasion of China. When: July of 1937. Where: China. Why: Japan invaded China because of a conflict for control of Chinese mainland. Political Event -
Italy Withdraws from the League of Nations
Who: Mussolini and fascist Italy. What: League of Nations. International organization founded after the Paris Peace Conference. It was made to prevent a war from happening again and to fix disputes. Where: Italy. When: December of 1937. Why: Italy decided to leave the League of Nations after the League imposed economic sanctions on Italy.
Political Event -
Hitler and Nazi Germany Annex Austria
Who: Hitler and Austrian Chancellor Kurt von Schuschnigg. What: Germany seized Austria by force and united the country with Germany. Where: Austria. When: March 12, 1938. Why: Hitler and Nazi Germany wanted to unite all German speaking people. Political Event -
Hitler and Nazi Germany Gain Sudetenland
Who: Adolf Hitler. What: Hitler and Germany invaded Sudetenland and annexed it to Nazi Germany. Where: Czechoslovakia. When: October 10, 1938. Why: Hitler wanted to get land back that was taken away from German people in the Treaty of Versailles. Political Event -
Hitler Occupies Czechoslovakia
Who: Adolf Hitler and Czech President Emil Hacha–a man. What: Germany invaded Czech after threatening the would bomb the cities. They then forced Czech to join the third reich. Where: Prague, Czech. When: March 15, 1939. Why: Germany wanted to unite all German speaking people. Political Event -
Hitler and Stalin Sign Non-Aggression Pact
Who: Adolf Hitler and Stalin. What: Germany and Soviet Union signed a nonaggression pact. This stunned much of the world since Hitler and Stalin had drastically different ideology. Where: Germany and Soviet Union. When: August 23, 1939. Why: Hitler wanted to eliminate the threat of attack of the East and only have France and Britain on the West. Political Event -
Germany Invades Poland
Who: Adolf Hitler. What: Germany invades Poland by sending troops across the border and using u-boats to bomb ports. Where: Poland main land and ports. When: September 1, 1939. Why: Hitler thought his invasion would go unanswered like Austria and Czech. Political Event -
Britain and France Declare War on Nazi Germany
Who: British and French. What: Britain and France declare war on Germany and agree to support Poland under German invasion. Where: Paris, France and London, England. When: September 3, 1939. Why: Germany refused to withdraw troops from Poland. Political Event -
France Surrenders and is Occupied by Nazi Germany
Who: Marshal Philippe Petain and Adolf Hitler. What: Germany takes control over France by signing an armistice with Germany. Northern France spends four years under German occupation while Southern France is controlled by the Vichy Government. When: 1940, June 22. Where: Northern France Why: Hitler wanted revenge for what France did to Germany in WW1. Political Event -
Japan, Italy, and Germany sign the Tripartite Pact
Who: Japanese, Italians, Germans. What: The Tripartite Pact. An agreement between Japan, Italy, and Germany. A defense alliance. When: September 27, 1940. Where: Berlin, Germany. Why: The three countries decided to make this alliance so that they could have help in the war. The three countries also wanted to deter the United States from joining the war. Political Event
