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One week after the signin of theMolotov–Ribbentrop Pact,Germany invades poland at september,1,1939.This invasion was viewed as the the beginning of World War II in Europe
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Two days after Germany invaded Poland,Britain and France declared war on Germany because Birtian had earlier agreement with Poland that they will defend any war that aganist Poland.
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Even Canada was an independent country,King knew that once Britain beccame involved in such a major confilt, Canada would not stand by idly.Therefore,King ccalled a special session of Parliament to decided Canada's response.Eventually,Canada declared war on Germany.
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Germany invades Norway in order to get the recourses from Sweden which is iron. Attacking Norway was an easy work for Germany.When the Germans had destroyed most of Norway's equipment, Norway surrendered on the 2nd of May.
At the same time of the invasion on Norway, Germany realized that get Denmark first would be useful for attacking Norway. so,Germany made plans to attack Denmark early. -
German Wehrmacht (armed forces) began its invasion of the Netherlands.The Genmany forces moved quickly through Blegium, and finally into France.
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When the German panzers had reached the English Channel, the Allied forces were surrounded in the French port of Dunkirk, they have to escape before Germany captured the town.So, they decided to try evacuation by sea.On May,26,1940,the evacuation began with the hundreds of fishing boats.
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After two days of the begining of evacuation,German Luftwaffe (airforce) bombed the port of Dunkirk,the evacuation continued even the bombed making escape more difficult.
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On june,4,1940,the evacuation was finally completed.Nearly 340000 allied soldiers were safetly brought to Britian safely.
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The National Resources Mobilization Act was passed 21 June 1940 by Parliament.NRMA premitted conscripts being regular volunteer forces overseas.It resulted in the training of a large body of men for military duty.
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The French was too weak to defend the powerful Germany troops. So, When the two thirds of France is to be occupied by the Germans, France surrendered on June,22,1940
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Hilter's next goal is "Operation Sea Lion", So, Germany first plan was to destory Britain's air power.German Luftwaffe started massive bombing aimed at distroying harbours and shipping facilities in Southern England.
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In August, Germany started bombing raids which targeted air fields and aircraft factories in Britain.
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By september,German strategy shifted to bombing civilian targets. German planes bombed London and other cities, killing civilians and destorying buildings and streets for fifty- five nights.But, Britain poilts were not alone, many Commonwealth countries joined to shooting German bombers.
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With the suppoof Commonwealth countries,Britain air force was having more and more success in shooting down German bombers.Hitler finally gave up on his plan to invade Britain.Eventually, the Germans had lost the battle.
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In order to fulfil Hitler's plan of a German Empire, he decided to invade USSR. At first, Hiter was able to push the Soviet army back to Soviet Union,because the Soviet were unprepared. But, the German troops were ill-equipped for the long and cold Soviet winter.The German army surrendered in early 1934.
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Even Canada had sent troops to Hong Kong only months earlier,when Hong Kong had fallen to the Japanese, all 1975 Canadian were either killed or taken prisoner by the Japanese.And nearly half who perished died during the three and a half years.Canadian were angried that troops had been sent to Hong Kong.
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The Allies felt ready for a trial run of Europe,Therefore,on the moring of Aug.19,1942,Canadians began attack in a raid on the French port of Dieppe. Unforturnately,one of Canadian ships unexpectedlly met a small German convoy,and the noise alerted German troops on shore.So,as Canadian soldiers leapt ashore in the early daylight, they were easily machine-gunned by the waiting German soldiers. Moreover,Allied tanks couldn't get enough traction on the beach.Finaliy,The raid was a terrible failure.
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Prime Minister Churchill believed that to recapture Europe is to invade Italty and Sicily.therefore Canadian soldiers joined in the Allies'invasion of Sicily.And the Aliies were successful After two weeks of fierce fighting.
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The Allies moved to mainland Italy where the rugged terrain, muddy conditions,and cold, raindy weather.So the advances were slow.Canadians fought in Ortona for a month and lost 1372 soldiers before the Germans withdrew.
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Even the Allies'advance through Italy was difficult, they finally took Rome on June,4,1944.And fighting continued in Italy until the spring of 1945.
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Allies launched "operation Overlord" a full scale invasion of Europe. This time the invasion was planned and rehearsed down to the smallest detail.Attacks would be started on five landing points along an stretch of beach in northern France.
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On the morning of June,6,1944,over 30000 Canadian soldiers arrived at "Juno" Beach as the first wave of the attack.the German defence was poorly coordinated,because they thought the Allies would not attempt a landing in bad weather. Even so,359 Canadians died and 715 were wounded.
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In March 1945, Allies forces attacked Germany. The Canadians were given a separate task: the liberstion of the Netherlands.
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Attack on Netherlands was difficult at the begining, the fighting was slow,and casualties were high.But ,by April 7, the Canadian had defeated the German army in the northern city of Groningen.Then they went south to city of Zwolle while other Ccandain troops fought their way to the cities of Arnhema and Apeldoorn.
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By May 4, the German troops in the Netherlands were surrounded. Meanwhile, Canadians began air drops of food over parts of the Netherlands.
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While the Allies invaded Germany from the west, the Soviet Union attacked from the east. Faceing certain defeat, Germany surrendered on May 7,1945.
