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Causes of WW1
Imperialism--extending economic and political control over weaker nations
Nationalism--devotion to the interest and culture of one nations-lead to competition
Militarism--development of armed forces and their use as tools of diplomacy
Alliance System--formal agreement or union between nations-You got my back,I got yours -
Assassination of Franz
Video
Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophia were assassinated by Gavrilo Princip. The Archduke and his wife where touring Sarajevo. Princip was part of a group called The Black Hand which was a group of young terrorists that wanted Serbia to be free from the Austria-Hungary rule. Both the Franz Ferdinand and Sophia where shot and dead within the hour. -
Allies v Central Powers
Video
The central power are Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, and the Ottoman Empire which is Turkey. The allies are France, Great Britain, and Russia. Later on in the war the USA joins the allies forces. Also in the middle of the war Italy switches to the allies side. Bulgaria Serbia is the country that all this fighting is taking place over. -
Women's Roles
Women started to do mens jobs. They would do much of the manual labor that the men had done before. Some of these jobs include railroad workers, miners, dockworkers, bricklayers, and ammunition factories. As a result of women stepping up into mens shoes, they receive the right to vote with the 19th amendment. -
British Blockade
Web Site
Its job was to intercept and examine all overseas traffic. It did not matter who's ship it was. All were stopped. There where ships 15 miles apart so no ship could go threw with out being intercepted. The blockade lowered the Germans imports but the Germans did not starve. Diseases did break out because of the malnutrition. -
Fighting Begins
Web Site
The battle of Marne was the first battle of World War 1. It started on September 6, 1914. It lasted until September 12, 1914. This battle was fought to the northeast of Paris. The allies won this battle. The allies win caused Germans to put aside there hopes of having a quick victory and win the war. -
Trench Warfare
Video
Web Site
Life in the trenches was awful. The smell was awful and there were rotting dead bodies in shallow graves all around you. Rats lived my the millions with you down in the trenches. There were also lice down in the trenches. The soldiers could never get rid of them. Trench fever was caused by the lice but this was not discovered till 1918. -
Poison Gas
Poison Gas was first used on April 22, 1915 in the Second Battle of Ypres. The gas could be used to weaken the opponents position in there trenches. It also helped end stalemates in the battles. Many different types of gas were invented to do different things to the person who breathed the gas in. -
Lusitania Part 1
The Lusitania was making a trip from New York to Liverpool. The day the Lusitania was sunk was a foggy day and the Lusitania had to slow down its speed and could not make zigzag movements for this same reason. At 1:40 on May 7, 1915 a German U-boat shot a torpedo at the Lusitania. There was a second explosion caused by the ignition of ammunition hidden in the cargo hold. This second explosion is what caused the majority of the damage that made the ship sink. -
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Flamethrower
Web Site
The flamethrower was first using in World War 1 by the Germans in October 1914. The first time it was used to a great advantage was on July 30, 1915. The idea was to launch burning fuel to spread fire. It was extremely effective at short-range but not in open because of the vulnerability of the operators. Flamethrower helped armies clear area quickly and effectively. -
Great Migration
The great migration was the moving of more than 500,000 blacks to the north. They moved north because they were wanting better job opportunities and less discrimination. -
Election of 1916
Woodrow Wilson a democrat from New Jersey beat Charles Evans Hughes a republican from New York. Wilson had 277 electoral votes, while Hughes had 254. wilson was reelected because of his campaign slogan “He Kept Us out of War.” California was the state that decided who was going to win the presidential election. -
Zimmermann Note
In January of 1917, the British deciphered a telegram from the German Foreign Minister, Arthur Zimmermann. The telegram was being sent to the German Minister to Mexico, von Eckhardt. Zimmerman had sent the telegram on January 19, 1917. This telegram offered US land to Mexico if they joined the Germans. This telegram was shown to Woodrow Wilson on February 24 and in the news on March 1. On April 6 of that year the US joined the war on the allies side. -
America Joins the Fight
Web Site
There are multiple reasons that America joined the war on the allies side. First the Germans sunk the Lusitania. The sinking of there ships was a violation of the Americans neutral sea rights. Another reason is the Zimmermann note. This telegram told Mexico that if they would offer there assistance they would get land in America. -
CPI
Web Site
CPI stands for The committee on Public Information. George Creel was the leader of the committee. The committees job was to get the publics support of the American war effort. They would use speakers, cartoons, pamphlets/booklets, posters, sculptures, and paintings to get the public. -
Selctive Service Act
Web Site
The selective service act caused 24 million men to register for the draft. 2.8 million of the registered men actually got drafted into the army. -
Espionage & Sedition Acts
Web Site
The espionage and sedition acts would punish peoples whose acts would interfere with foreign policy, obstruct the military draft, or encourage disloyalty. Its penalty is stiff fines and up to 20 years of prison. -
WIB
Web Site
WIB stands for War Industries Board. It was created so that the supplies needed for war could be easily purchased. The first leader was Frank A. Scott. The board managed labors to prevent strikes. It would also increase production of materials and delivery. There was a 20% production increase after the board was created. -
14 Points Part 1
The 14 points was a speech presented to Congress by President Wilson. It said that other countries are trying to ruin the peace we have as a country. Every thing that a country does needs to be told to every other country to keep peace. Also any country should be able to do what they want when they want to and how they want to if they are not limiting other countries. Americans only joined the war to keep peace. -
14 Points Part 2
Even your enemies have freedom of navigation on the seas. There is to be equality among trade. There is to be a reduction for military power in every country. The government is to always have the peoples interests in mind. Certain countries need to change to keep peace. Other countries need to be protected so their small size is not taken advantage of. It also states that we will treat Germany fairly. -
14 Points Part 3
We will only fight when necessary and not start wars. Wilson hoped that his 14 points plan would help shape everlasting world peace. -
Armistice
The armistice that ended World War 1 was signed on November 11, 1918. It was signed by the allies and Germany in a railway carriage in Compiegne Forest. The fighting officially stopped at 11a.m. on the 11th day of the 11 month of 1918. When the Germans signed it they admitted defeat. They also had to lower there amount of warships and submarines, they would exchange prisoners, and the withdrawal of German troops to within there own borders. -
Final Statistics
Web Site
Military Casualties: 9,720,450
Civilian Casualties: 8,865,650
Military Wounded: 19,769,102
Total War Cost: $186,333,637,000 -
Schenck v United States
Schenck sent out flier to men that were being sent over to Europe to fight. These fliers said that the government could not send men to go and fight in other countries. The government said that Schenck was not allowed to do this because it was a violation of the Espionage and Sedition Acts. The verdict in this case was that because of the safety of the country during the war these acts were not violating the peoples rights. -
Big 4
David Lloyd George, Prime Minister of Great Britain
George Clemenceau, France
Vittorio Orlando, Italian Prime Minister
Woodrow Wilson, President of the United States -
League of Nations
The League of Nations purpose was to make sure that war never broke out again. President Wilson played a major part in creating the League. Unfortunately Americans did not join the league. The league settled many disputes between different countries. -
Treaty of Versailles
Video
The Treaty of Versailles ended the war between Germany and the Allies. The treaty required Germany to accept responsibility for causing the war. Germany lost its military power, lost land, and pay money to certain countries. Some pluses of the treaty is that Germany had consequences for causing the war. These consequences are one reason that the Germany started World War 2. -
Map
9 New Countries were made:
Finland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Yugoslavia, Artvin, Kars, Igdir, Czechoslovakia