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Between the 16th and 19th centuries 12 million African slaves crossed the Atlantic ocean. Slaves were used to grow cash crops in America.
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This was a slave rebellion in South Carolina. It was the largest slave uprising in the colonies. 21 whites and 44 slaves were killed.
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This was written to regulate the settlement of the Northwest territory. It forbade slavery in those territories.
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The South feared that slavery would be in jeapordy if the North was in control. To appease the South, they counted slaves as three fifths of a person, so that the population would be higher.
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Eli Whitney created the cotton gin which stimulated the economy of the South. This made seed removal faster and slavery more prominent. Slave owners production doubled.
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This was a slave rebellion that occurred in Virginia. This rebellion caused the highest number of fatalities.
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Texas was officially annexed in 1845. It entered the union as a slave state.
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This introduced an ammendment to ban slavery in newly acquired territory. It did not pass and kept the South a part of the Union.
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One of the four points of the Compromise of 1850 was the fugitive slave law. It said that slaves that escaped to the North were to be returned to their masters.
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Kansas and Nebraska entered the Union with popular sovereignty. This went against the Missouri compromise by allowing slavery on sates in the Louisiana Purchase.
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Dred Scott, a slave, sued for being taken by his master to a slave state. The Supreme Court claimed that slaves were property and could be taken anywhere.
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John Brown helped start a slave uprising to end slavery. This was unsuccessful because no slaves attended, but he was seen as a martyr to the North and a terrorist to the South.
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President Abraham Lincoln was elected. The South seceded from the Union in fear of losing their slaves.
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President Lincoln released the Emancipation Proclamation during the battle of Antietam. This stated that slaves would be freed not only making the war about maintaining the Union.
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Robert E. Lee surrendered to the Union officially ending the American Civil War. This meant that slaves were officially free.
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After the civil war this amendment was put into place to abolish slavery.
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This provided food, clothing, and medical care to freed slaves. This also established the first black colleges.
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These were "laws" created in the south to limit the rights of African Americans. This was the south showing resistance to black equality
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This was founded to resist new black freedoms. They used fear tactics to stop blacks from voting.
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This amendment was made to grant citizenship and legal rights to all former slaves.
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This amendment was made to give all African American men the right to vote.
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Congress used these to abolish the KKK. It was successful at limiting their activities, but the group still existed.
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This was a court case declaring that whites and people of color were "Seperate, but Equal."
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This was the time of African American literary awakening. A lot of art and writings celebrating black culture came out during this time.
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This was a group established to challenge the constitutionality of segregation. Stands for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
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He joined the Dodgers and became the first African American to play in the major baseball league. This showed that some progress was being made in desegregating America.
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Truman wanted more opportunities for African Americans. He issued an executive order desegregating the military.
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The Supreme Court ruled that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional. This meant that african americans wouldbe gettinga better chance at education.
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The SCLC organized tis boycott and it led to forced changes in the policy of transportation.
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This was a group of African American kids that wemt to all white schools. This was the beginning of better oppourtunities in education for blacks.
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This was the first black child to attend an all white elementary school. This showed the hostility the south had for desegregating schools.
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While in Jail, MLK wrote a letterdescribing how fighting racism should be in court and not fought in the streets. This began making racism a more political subject.
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In response to support from Kennedy, the SCLC planned the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. This is where King's famous speech I Have a Dream was said.
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This act outlawed the discrimination of African Americans and women in government jobs, voting
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The SNCC and SCLC came together to organize a nonviolent march to protest voting discriminationin the south. The march became violent and known as "Bloody Sunday." This gained more sympathy for the black civil rights movement.
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This expanded on the 15th ammendment, outlawing literacy tests and poll taxes. This showed progress in the political side of racism.
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This was a group formed in Oakland made to battle the discrimination of blacks by the goverment. This group used violence to get their point across unlike the nonviolent protesters people were used to seeing.
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He was the head of the legal team in the NAACP. He was also appointed the first African American in the Supreme Court.
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MLK was assasinated by James Earl Ray while outside a hotel. This was a devastating day for any people; even people that did not support his cause were shocked.
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This case created affirmative action which is a law that allows race to be a deciding factor in college admission and also made specific quotas for each racial group. This made college more accesible for African Americans.
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President Reagan signed a bill making the MLK holiday celebrated in January.
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Some states claimed that affirmative action caused "reverse racism." In response Proposition 209 passed eliminating affirmative action laws in California. Many states followed after this.
