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First schedule Trans-Atlantic Service Launched
The Black Ball Line operated some of the first sail-powered packet ships, offering a regular passenger service. It began in 1818, transporting passengers between Liverpool, England, and New York. Later, the service expanded to include Boston and Philadelphia, running twice a month. The line became known for its fast ships, exceptional seamanship, and often harsh treatment of low-ranking seamen. -
P&O is founded
In 1837, the PO company was awarded a contract from the government to deliver mail to the iberian peninsula. -
Cunard Line is founded
The Cunard Line is a British shipping and cruise company headquartered at Carnival House is owned by Carnival Corporation, and since 2011, Cunard and its four ships have been registered in Hamilton, Bermuda. In 1839, Samuel Cunard secured the first British transatlantic steamship mail contract. The following year, he partnered with shipowner Sir George Burns to establish the British and North American Royal Mail Steam Packet Company in Glasgow. -
Cows Travel on Board
Britannia is a cruise ship operated by Cunard left Liverpool with cows on board to provide a fresh supply of milk for the passengers. -
P&O introduced first leisure cruises
The PO Cruises was known as a Peninsula steam navigation company which began operating the first leisure cruises with passengers on board. They would later expand to the British empire. These were originally aimed at those with high level of wealth such as royalty, Nobel, and senior government and business officials. -
First Cruise between New York and Europe
The ship, Quaker City, was the first cruise from New York to Europe. -
First 100% steel structured ship
PO was the ones who launched the first ship called Ravenna which is the first to be constructed with 100% steel superstructure. This was the first created with a more solid design compared to the old fashioned ships that were just made out of wood. (technological development) -
Electric Lights
The first ships to have electric lights is launched called SS Valletta. (technological development) -
First ship exclusively for cruising launch
Princess in Victoria Louise was the world's first purpose built ship. This ship was built in Germany for Hamburg American Line (HAPAG) -
The Titanic sinks
On April 14, 1912, the Titanic sank in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean while on its voyage from Southampton to New York. The ship had approximately 2,224 passengers and crew on board. Due to a shortage of lifeboats, around 1,500 people lost their lives in the disaster. Operated by the White Star Line, the Titanic carried some of the wealthiest individuals in the world. -
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Glamor of cruising
These ears were to be considered the most glamorous for passengers who were seeking to cross the Atlantic. The ships catered to the rich and famous, who were able to enjoy the luxurious surroundings and breath taking views. (customer type and demand)
(social and economic changes) -
Cruise line merge
White Star merge with their main rival Cunard line. The line would then remain as a single company until 2005 when it was merged into Carnival Corporation and PIC. (integration) -
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World war two
Many cruise ships were used to transport troops heading to war. Cruises and transatlantic sailing which comes to abrupt end. Many ocean liners were destroyed during the war. -
Growth of Air Travel
Large passenger aircraft were introduced, with travellers switching from ships to plane to make the journey shorter and more efficient. This caused a rapid decline in passenger numbers. -
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Increase The Appeal
The emphasis began to be placed on the entertainment aspect of travelling on board a cruise ship through the 1960s. The lines attempt to appeal to passengers who never had the opportunity or the money to sail on board a transplanted vessels between 1920 and 1940. The large public lounges, formal ball rooms, swimming pools, and on board ceremonies. (social and economic changes)
(technological advances)
(changes in customer type and demand)