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Samuel slater was a british mechanic who was fimiliar with the textile machines. He sailed to America with the plans to construct the machine memorized. He gave America the first efficient machinery for spinning cotton thread.
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The cotton gin was a very important stepping stone for the cotton industry. Cotton could now be seperated from the seed and collected at an advanced rate.
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The Lancaster Turnpike set the way for future travel availability in America. This turnpike in Pennsylvania was a broad, hard surfaced highway that stretched from Philidelphia to Lancaster.
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Eli Whitney journeyed to Washington to dismantle and reassemble 10 of his new muskets for skeptical officials. Leads to widespread use of interchanggeable parts.
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Until 1807, factories were spreading slowly. The embargo and War of 1812 caused america to manufacture substitutes for normal imports.
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Robert Fulton installed a powerful steam engine in a vessel. This ship churned up the Hudson river from New York City to Albany. It defied the wind, wave, tide, and downstream current.
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Ireland ravenged for land and food. Prices of crops rose and drove out many. After war they decided to leave fields un planted, a big mistake.
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Amish were seeking escape from opression. From 1815 to 1865, three thousand Amish people make their way to pennsylvania. They shielded and secluded themselves from other cultures.
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Following peace at ghent, Britain flooded America with their seriously underpriced goods. It dramatically hindered American made goods' sales.
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This tariff was passed to protect American manufacture industries in New England. It stopped Britain's low prices from reaching Americans. Led to counter tariffs that hurt the south.
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Fur trading empire was based on the rendezvous. They trapped the beaver near extinction. Also, the buffalo was shot for sport and widely hunted.
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A significant portion of the nation's industrial workers were under the age of ten. Many of these child workers were mentally and emotionally hindered. Some were even beaten in whipping rooms.
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Smelly slums and overcrowded streets led to this innovation. Thiswas important towards stunting reproduction of horrid diseases.
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In the 1820s and 1830s, most adult wage workers improved markedly. Many states granted the male wage worker a vote. May of them voted for the Democratic Pary because they promised to look out for working class.
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This canal was ridiculed while it was in the makings, with people calling it a waste of money. This canal reduced the cost of shipping a ton of grain from Buffalo to New York City from $100 to $5.
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This marked the date America took advantage of a railroad. The railroad would be cheaper than canals to construct, fast, reliable, and not frozen over in the winter.
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Germans begin to flock to America They were uprooted farmers but were generally more wealthy than the Irish.
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George Catlin had witnessed the mass slaughter of a buffalo herd. He was appalled and decided we should make reservations to preserve wildlife.
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New York legislature prohibited railroads from carrying freight. They wanted to protect their large investment in the Eerie Canal. Along with that, railroads were fire hazards.
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Catholic covenant was burned by mob of nativist-minded people. Marks the start of attacks on Catholic establishments. Catholic schools and churches are main targets.
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Even with the low wages and poor conditions in the factories, people were prohibited by law from forming labor unions to better their conditions. People who worked in factories were known as "Wage Slaves".
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Invented by Cyrus McCormick, this machine helped western farmers do the same amount of work with one machine that would normally take five men.
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Maria Monk wrote this book. It was a sensational fiction book that talked about shocking sins.
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John Deere produced a steel plow that could brake stubborn soil of the west. It was sharp and effective, along with that it could be pulled by horses.
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By 1840, the demographic center of population of the United States Moved past the Allegheny Mountains. By 1860 the center moved past the Ohio River.
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Hundreds of thousands of people are immigrating to America. 1.4 million Irish plague American and almost as many Germans come as well.
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Catholics are only the 5th largest religion in America, behind baptists, Methodists, Presbyterians, and Congregationalists
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Labor becomes more abundant when more people travel to America. But with this labor, there wasn't much money for capital investment.
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Marks the year that the Industrial Revolution starts up in America. It results in new machines, the assembly line, and many great invetions.
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President Van Buren establishes a ten-hour work day for federal employees onpublic works. This led to states following suit and gradually lowering hours of working people.
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These long, narrow crafts glided across the see under giant masts of sail.These vessels could outrun and steamer. These ships were profitable beause they could deliver high-value cargoes in record time.
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This supreme court case of Massachusettes ruled that labor unions were not illegal conspiracies, as long as their methods were "peaceful and honorable".
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These Nativists feared the foreigners would overbreed, overpopulate, and overwhelm rightful Americans.
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"Europe stretches to the Alleghenies: America lies beyond."
Shows the destiny of America and a wide belief of the people. -
Irish Catholics fight back against threats of the nativists. Resulted in two Catholic churches ablaze and 13 dead citizens. There was several days of fighting.
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Morse strung a wire forty miles from Washington to Baltimore and relayed a message. This invention brougth distant people to an almost instant communication.
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Ireland has a horrid potato rot that kills many. It pushes them to moving to America. Causes for a lot of Irish people in America.
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In the 1830s and 1840s, workers start demanding higher wages and shorter hours. The workers usually lost more strikes than they won because companies just hired people fresh off a ship.
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Elias how invented the sewing machine. It gave a strong boost to northern industrialization. No longer did every clothing item have to be made by hand.
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These Germans were know as "forty-eighters". They failed their revolution in Germany and decided to come to America. They had some fat purses.
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This law allowed businessman to create corporations without applying for individual charters from the legislature. People could start their own businesses easily and led to more corporations in America.
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Older-stock Americans were alarmed by all the catholics. They thought the alien riff-raff overrun them with the Catholic church. Nativist got together to form this order.
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Half of americans were under the age of 30.
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Gave rise to host of new innovations, including Samuel Colt's revolver. Interchangeable parts became the basis of modern mass-production assembly lines.
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About ten percent of white women are working for pay outside their homes. They are working as teachers, nurses, and even factory workers. Most women workers were single.
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American products were making a name for themselves throughout the world. Fairgoers came to the crystal palace to see McCormick's reaper, Morse's telegraph, Colt's firearms, and Goodyear's vulcanized rubber.
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Roman Catholics are on the move. They start up private schools to protect their children from protestants. In 1850, they had over 1.8 million communicates.
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He saw these praire outposts and was suprised. He described it as a mix of High European elegance and Texas ruggedness. It showed the influence of European culture on America.
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With 33 stars on the American Flag, America had grown large. Also, the midcentury poulation was doubling every 25 years.
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Between 1830 and 1860, over 2 million Irish immigrants arrived in America.
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Rapid rivers, such as the Merrimack, were important power sources for cotton mills. More than 400 million pounds were being poured into over a thousand mills, mostly in New England.
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In the 1850's there was a flux of new inventions. Compared to the total of 306 patents in the 1790s. A clerk in a patent office in 1838 complained all worthwhile inventions had been discover, he was proven wrong.
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On the eve of civil war, the Uniteed States had over thirty thousand miles of track. Three fourths of this track was in the industrialist north. Canal backers opposed these railroads.
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This shadowy Irish miner's union rocked Pennsylvania coal districts. They fought landlords and worked together.
