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The Invention of Tull's Seed Drill
Since the beggining of farming, seeds were scattered about the fields in a disorderly fashion and often most seeds were eaten by birds or killed due to weeds. Jethro Tull fixed this problem with the invention of the Seed Drill which directly drilled a hole in the ground in unifrom rows. This not only stopped brids from eating seeds, but it also reduced the weeds, as farmers were able to hoe between rows and eliminate any growing weeds. -
The Invention of Newcomen's Steam Engine
Thomas Newcomen was the man who invented the first Steam Engine which began the Steam age. The machine was originaly used to stop mines flooding when mining beneath the water table, but was soon improved and used in many other ways. It worked by using atmospheric pressure created by the heating and cooling of steam. The steam was pumped into a cylinder where it was condensed into cold water and created a vaccum. The pressure of the vaccum caused the piston to be pulled downwards. -
Invention of the Flying Shuttle
John Kay's invention of the Flying Shuttle greatly improved weaving and was the begining of the textile Industries improvements. The device consisted of a wheel which the warp strings were wraped around. It was then flung from one side of the weft to the other creating an easier and faster process due to the ability to create larger quantities of cotton. It was named the Flying Shuttle by the workers due to its fast and continuous speed. -
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The Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution is a transitional period in time where people were inspired by the creations of others to invent new and improved technology. This caused many countries to move from being a predominantly agricultural society into a manufacturing and technological courtry. -
The Invention of the Spinning Jenny
James Hargreaves invented the innovative Spinning Jenny. It greatly increased the amount and quality of the yarn produced while also decreasing the effort and time required to produce the yarn. -
The Invention of the Water Frame
The Water Frame was invented by Richard Arkwright with the help of John Kay who was a clockmaker.This machine was able to produce stronger threads of yarn due to the different process it used. The first models were powered by water wheels thus giving its name, but eventually it developed into a steam powered version as no room was left to build along rivers. This machine also lead to the first production of a factory. -
Captain Cook landed in Australia
After leaving New Zealand Captain Cook sailed along the east coast of New Holand (Australia) charting what he was seeing and finally landed in Botany Bay. -
The first cotton mill
The first Cotton Mill was created by Richard Arkwright at Cromford due to the huge growth in the Cotton Industry. Due to the huge market in cotton, Cotton Mills were soon developed everywhere and became the dominant feature of the Pennies. -
First working steamboat
The first working steamboat was the Palmipède built by Marquis Claude de Jouffroy and his colleagues in France. The Ship was 12 meters in length and had rotational paddles on either side. The ship was greatly recognised beacuse all other attempts sunk but this one managed to sail on the Doubs River many times in until 1776. -
The Invention of Watt's Steam Engine
Steam power was greatly used throughout the Industrial Revolution due to the invention of James Watt's Steam Engine. It was a massive improvement to the Newcomen's Steam Engine as it allowed for the cylinder to be constantly hot as Watt added a second cylinder for condensing. -
The Invention of the Spinning Mule
The Spinning Mule was created by William Horrocks by combining the moving carriage of the spinning Jenny and the rollers from the water frame. With a greater control of the weaving process, many different types of yarn could be created. The name was created as it was a combination of the spinning jenny and the water frame as the mule is a combination of a horse and a donkey. -
Invention of cotton bleaching
Claude Berthollet discovered how to bleach cotton with chlorine. This lead to fabrics being printed with various colourful designs and patterns. -
The invention of the power loom
The first power weaving loom was built by Edmund Cartwright and was powered by steam. This mechanically operated loom was much more effective than previous looms as the weaving process was much faster and easier. Slowly, it was refined many times until eventually it became completely automated by Kenworthy and Bullough. -
The First Fleet departed from England
The First Fleet departed from Portsmouth, England and was lead by Captain Arthur Philip. The Fleet consisted of 11 ships; two naval ships, six convict ships and three storeships full of supplies. In total, the ships carried 1500 of which 778 people of which were either sailors, soldiers, wives of sailors, 705 adult convicts and 17 Child convicts -
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Settlement in Australia
This period was the growth of the British colony in Australia. Settlement spread up and down the east coast of Australia from Sydney, inland to Parramatta and then across the blue mountains in 1813. The new colony also spread to the island of Van Diemen's Land (now Tasmania) in 1803. -
The First Fleet arrived at Botany Bay
After sailing the ocean's for 252 days and 15,000 miles, the first fleet had arrived at Botany Bay. The 3 supply ships arrived first as they split off from the group and were the fastest ships. Within 24 hours the rest of the fleet also arrived. Captain Arthur Phillip was not happy with this site for settlement and moved north to Port Jackson -
Captain Arthur Phillip Moves to Port Jackson
Captain Arthur Phillip was not happy with Botany Bay as a place for settlement and decided to move north to Port Jackson. -
The Invention of the Telegraph
Claude Chappe was French engineer who invented an optical telegraph with his brother Ignace. The system allowed the relaying of messages from hiltop to hiltop using telescopes. The Chappes built several towers of two-arm towers between cities, each of which were equiped with telescopes pointing in either direction and a cross at its top whose arms extended in 7 angular positions. -
Invention of gas lighting
Gas Lighting was first thought of by William Murdoch when he lit up his house by burning coal gas. A few years after, he released this idea to the public when he lit up the Soho Foundry with his gas lamps. -
Invention of the cotton gin
The cotton gin was first invented by Eli Whitney and it was a machine which quickly sperated the cotton fibres from the seeds. The undamaged seeds which the machine had removed were now used to either grow more cotton or to create cotton seed oil. -
The First Succesful Locomotive
Robert Trevithick was the first person to show the world the steam locomotive. In 6 hours, it travelled 16 kilometers and carried 10 tons of iron and 70 men, all on 5 wagons. The speed of the locomotive averaged at about 4 kilometers per hour. Unfortunately, it suffrered severe mechanical failures after this short trip. -
Britain's population reaches 9 million
Britains population grew at a phenomenal rate due to the Industrial Revolution promising new jobs and the increased Medical Technology. The majority of the population growth was due to migration of people from other countries who were looking for work. -
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Luddite Riots
Luddite Riots where happening in minor situations throughout the Industrial Revolution although, during this period, the Luddites were most active and caused the most havock. Fearing of beaing replaced by machines factory, workers attacked factory owners and destoyed machinery hoping to send a message to all of the people. -
First Passenger Railway
The first passenger railway was built by George Stephenson travled between Stockton and Darlington, England. The first train which travelled along it, pulled 32 wagons and travelled at 10 miles per hour. It was also accompanied by 24 horse drawn carriages. This event marked the beggining of the Railway Age. -
The first inter city railway
The first inter city railway was built by George Stephenson between Manchester and Liverpool in England. The original reason for building the railway was to transport the cotton products produced in Manchester to Liverpool where they were exported to other countries. Later on it became a passenger railway as well. -
Discovery of electromagnetic current
Michael Faraday discovered electromagnetic current when he was spinning a magnet around a peice of wire. Voltage was produced when a current passed through a conductor when it was exposed to a changing magnetic field. Faraday's discovery led to the invention of the generator and the electric motor. -
The Factory Act
The working conditions of a factory were often unsafe as many owners put profit above health and saftey. Wmen and children worked in terrible conditions for long hours and rarely ever had holidays or breaks. To fix these problems a treaty was created called the Factory Act and it improved the life of a factory worker. Some of the conditions which were improved were that children were banned from working in textile factories under 9 years old and factory Inspectors peformed checks regulary. -
The Invention of Morse Code
Morse Code was developed by Samuel F. B. Morse after creating the telegraph. The code was a kind of alphabet which was transmitted through sound and light after travelling through a series of wires. It was often used when emergency messages were sent and when messages needed to be sent over long distances. Later, the Morse code was improved so that it could include symbols and languages with non Latin background. -
The Invention of the Electrical Telegraph
The Electrical Telegraph was developed by Samuel F. B. Morse who was an artist-turned-inventor. The idea first came to him in 1832 but wasn't successfully built until 1838. This invention was the greatest step forward in telecomunication which sent electronic messages through a system of machinery and wires that allowed messages to be sent quickly over a wire. It works by sending a message converted into electrical current which the other machine receives and converts the message back. -
The Myall Creek Massacre
On the late afternoon of a Sunday, a gang of 11 convict stockmen were led by a squatter to brutally sluaghter about 28 Aboriginal men, women and chilrden. However, there have been hundreds of other slaughters before this one and many more after although, this is one of the first where white men were charged and hung for the massacre. -
The First steam powered Cotton Mills
Crompton created the first steam powered cotton mill by combining Hargreaves' and Arkwright's machines. He created a fully automatic weaving process which was located in Lancanshire. -
Cholera outbreak in Britain
Is a water borne bacterial disease that effects the intestinal track and can cause serious illness which leads to death. Due to the new jobs in cities thy became over populated resulting in poor living conditions, water supply and waste disposal systems there was an outbreak in Britain which killed thousands of people greatly reducing the population. -
The Invention of the practical sewing machine
Isaac Merritt Singer invented the first practical sewing machine. The original sewing machines were difficult to operate as they were bulky and not good at their job. Singer fixed thsi problem by completely changing the system. Firstly he changed the direction of the shuttles movement from a circle to a straight line and a straight needle instead of a curved one. -
The First Trans-atlantic cable
The Trans-Atlantic cable stretched a total of 2000 miles across the sea bed of the Atlantic ocean and was used for telegrapgh communication between countries on either side of the ocean. 4 British and American Vessels met in the middle of the ocean with their load of cable and two ships set of in the direction of Ireland laying cables and the other 2 in the direction of Newfoundland.
