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The German Workers’ Party, led by Anton Drexler, was formed in 1919. Hitler joined and soon became leader. His speeches gave people scapegoats to blame for Germany’s problems:
• The Allies
• The Versailles Treaty and the ‘November Criminals'
• The Communists
• The Jews -
Berlin suppressed brutally by the Army and Freicrop.
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The Treaty of Versailles ends World War One and imposes heavy reparations payments on Germany. Though Hitler had nothing to do with the treaty, it affected Germany deeply, making Hitler wanting to lead Germany.
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Hitler took over the 'German Worker's Party' and renamed it NSDAP. NSDAP is an abbreviation for 'Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei', which meant 'National Socialist German Workers' Party'.
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Hyperinflation started in June, 1921 and the worst of it was between 1923 and 1924. The government prints more and more money to pay reparations to the Allies, pay pensions and to prop up the economy. The value of money plummeted and the German money became worthless.
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Later, Mussolini, Hitler and other people makes an alliance called the the Axis. The Axis contains the the three big countires envolved in the 'World War II' (Germany, Italy and Japan).
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The Beer Hall Putsch, also known as the Munich Putsch, was a failed attempt at revolution. Nazi Party leader, Adolf Hitler, tried to seize power in Munich, Bavaria, Germany.
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Hitler was sentenced to five years' imprisonment at Landsberg Prison for the Beeer Hall Putsch. During his time in prison he wrote 'Mein Kampf'.
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Served nine months instead of five years.
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The Locarno Pacts are signed in efforts to stabilize relations with Germany and its neighbors. The pacts usher in a period of peace and prosperity.
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After the failure of the Munich Putsch, Hitler decided that he would have to get power by being elected, rather than by rebellion. However, he was banned from speaking until 1928.
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15,000 of his supprters matched through the streets in torchlight processions. Hitler claimed he was creating a 'Third Reich', or empire that would last a thousand years.
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Upon the death of his father Yoshihito, he became the new emperor. Later on, Hirohito, Hitler and Mussolini become an alliance called the 'Axis'.
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The Nazi wins 2.6% of the votes.
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Nazi wins 18.25% of german votes having around 6 million votes. Losing to the 'Social Democratic Party' to first place. This took place after the financial crisis.
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While chancellor, Brüning fails to introduce his Finance Bill.
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Economic crisis deepens, after the collapse of a bank, no banks are open for three weeks. Unemployment hits 4.8 million, highest in the Western World. Nazi's begin to average 40% of the vote in local elections.
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Hitler lost to Hindenberg as president and following the 1932 elections Hidnenberg offered Hitler the position of Vice Chancellor. He rejected this offer, believing he was entitled to the more powerful Chancellor position.
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Brüning resigned after no longer having Hindenburg's support.
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Since 1929, Germany was suffering from the Great Depression as unemployment rose from 8.5% to nearly 30% between 1929 and 1932. The makes germans believe in Hitler's way of leading Germany. The Nazi Party won the elections with 37.25% of the votes.
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Franz von Papen's (who became Chancellor after Heinrich Brüning) government proves disfunctional when he is unable to win the support of Hitler's Party.
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Nazi won 33.09% of the votes. By late 1932, Germany was in crisis, unable to cobble together a coalition of political parties to form a majority government. Hindenburg refuses to give up Presidential leadership and at this point, Hitler can bring down the government at any time with the support of the Centre Party.
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Hindenburg fires Franz von Papen and make Kurt von Schleicher chancellor. Kurt von Schleicher tries to bring in leading Nazi figures such as Strasser, which causes Hitler to be very angry.
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In an attempt to reel in the chaos of the German government, President Paul von Hindenburg declares Hitler chancellor, the first major step in Hitler's ascent to dictatorship.
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On 27 February 1933, the Reichstag building was set on fire. At Hitler's urging, Hindenburg responded with the Reichstag Fire Decree of 28 February, which suspended basic rights and allowed detention without trial. Activities of the German Communist Party were suppressed, and some 4,000 communist party members were arrested.
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Nazi wins 43.91% of votes. Thanks to the success in the poll, the party leader Adolf Hitler was able to pass the Enabling Act on 23 March, which effectively gave him the power of a dictator.
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This was the first election under the Nazi Party rule and they banned all other political parties. There was only the choice of voting for the Nazi Party or being against it. (The posters says: One People, One Leader, One "Yes")
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When Hindenburg dies, Hitler declares himself Führer (President) and Chancellor. He now ruled as a dictator and had sole and complete power in Germany.
