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John C. Calhoun anonymously wrote the 'Exposition and Protest" as a challenge to powers. John believed that imposing these tariffs was unconstitutional and just for getting revenue.
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This tariff was meant to help the Northern and Sothern agriculture from foreign competitors, but instead, it hurt them as tax raised so did the cost of living. Also, the profit that would be earned by the Industrialists would decrease, but John Quincy Adams would still approve.
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Senator Robert Y. Hayne and Senator Daniel Webster got into the debate over tariffs and selling Western land. Webster believed that the people had created the Union for a greater good instead of selfish interests and goods like Hayne believed. In the end, Webster won the debate.
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Calhoun published the 'Fort Hill Address' and it expressed the idea that some states have the right to balance power between the states and government.
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Garrison published "The Liberator" which heavily bashed slavery and it helped intensify things between the North and the South.
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Jackson proposed there to be a lower tariff than before, but the South was not happy with this and this was mainly South Carolina, Calhoun's reasoning was used to nullify it.
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South Carolina held a convention and decided to approve the Ordinance of Nullification. The results of this would be that tariffs would be null and the federal government would look at this to be a threat not to try and enforce tariffs. Jackson following this would express how he opposes it and Calhoun would shortly resign.
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The Force Bill would allow the President to use military powers to enforce the collection of imports if states refused to comply with the tariffs. Congress would also publish the Compromise Tariff around the same time that stated the taxes would decrease as time went.