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Dr. Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood types while studying at the University of Vienna. His work is credited with our ability to transfuse blood from donors. His work eventually earned him a Nobel Prize in 1930 (The Editors of Encyclopedia Brittanica, n.d.).
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Drs Lee and White develop a test to determine a patient's clotting time, called the Lee-White clotting time or LWCT (Lee White, 1913).
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Dr. Frederick Banting and medical student, Charles Best discover the hormone insulin. They test it on dogs and found it successfully brought blood sugars back down into the normal range (UMass Diabetes Center of Excellence, n.d.).
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Penicillin is discovered by Alexander Fleming.
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A policeman with a serious infection was treated with penicillin for the first time. He improved over 24 hours, but eventually died as there was not enough penicillin to complete a full course (Gaynes, 2017).
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Researcher John Hopps develops first external cardiac pacemaker.
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The first birth control pill was approved by the FDA for widespread use (Tyrer, 1999).
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World's first MRI machine does first full-body scan (Sandomir, 2022).
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Human Genome Project launched in 1990 with the goal of mapping and sequencing the entire human genome. This was completed in 2021 (Wikipedia, n.d.).
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A study in women found high levels of C-reactive protein correlated with an increased heart attack risk. This remained true even when cholesterol levels were normal (Ridker et al., 2002).
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This act brought affordable healthcare to Americans who would otherwise be unable to afford it.
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With advancements in AI technology and improvements in the availability of energy resources for AI processing, the technology should be able to do large scale interrogations of medical charts. This should help illuminate patterns we have missed and help with patient diagnosis.
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As gene technology advances, specific treatments for cancer can be developed, improving patient outcomes.