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Copernicus studied medicine at the University of Padua from 1501 to 1503. However, during that time, he gained a greater interest in astronomy and began to believe in Heliocentricism. Source: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/copernicus/
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Copernicus published this book when he was dying because he did not want to be accused of Heresy. It was not a revolutionary work, but it was revolution-making. Source: Western Heritage by Kagan
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Tycho Brahe discovered the Crab Nebula when he was attracted by an unusually bright star in Cassiopeia. Source: http://spider.seds.org/spider/Vars/sn1572.html
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Brahe made measurements of the comet's changing positions and since people trusted him, the perfection of te heavens was abandoned. Source: http://galileo.rice.edu/sci/observations/comets.html
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Bruno was burned at the stake for believing in Copernican theory and being too vocal. The other scientests didn't support him either. Source: http://galileo.rice.edu/chr/bruno.html
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Kepler published the first two laws of planetary motion by analyzing the astronomical observations of Tycho Brahe. The first law states that planets move in elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus. The second states that the radius vector of a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times. His beliefs were very controversial at that time. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepler%27s_laws_of_planetary_motion
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In this letter, Galileo defended the independence of science from religious authority and related science to the Bible. Source: http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/galileo-tuscany.asp
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Kepler published the third law much later than the publication of the first and second laws. It relates the distances of the planets from the sun to their orbital periods. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepler%27s_laws_of_planetary_motion
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In this book, Bacon describes the Baconian Method and emphisized inductive reasoning. Source: http://www.constitution.org/bacon/nov_org.htm
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In this book, William Harvey talks about the circulation of blood. He also describes the importance and the characteristics of hearts. Source: http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1628harvey-blood.asp
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In this book, Galileo compared the Copernican model to the Ptolemaic model. The Church banned him because of this book. Source: http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/galileo/dialogue.html
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The Church believed that Galileo committed heresy. However, Galileo refused to recant his beliefs and he ended up in house arrest for he rest of his life. Source: Western Heritage by Kagan
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In this book, Descartes declared that people should doubt everything and redo everything yourself. Soure: http://www.literature.org/authors/descartes-rene/reason-discourse/
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In this book, Galileo covers everything he knew about physics. Since he (and his works) were banned by the church, it had to be published elsewhere. Source: http://galileo.phys.virginia.edu/classes/109N/tns.htm
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Discovered by Marcello Malpighi. He emphasized the importance of the capillaries and the circulatory system. Source: http://www.nndb.com/people/033/000095745/
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Jean Picard figured the distance between Earth and Mars. source: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Picard_Jean.html
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The laws are three fundamental laws of classical physics. The first states that a body continues to move or stay still unless there's an external force. The second states that f=ma. The third states that if one body exerts a force on another, there is an equal and opposite force exerted by the second body on the first. Source: http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/history/newton3laws.html
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Also called the Principia Mathematica, it is Newton's most famous work. It contains the basic laws of Physics. Source: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/newton-principia/
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Opticks, written by Newton, is mainly about optics and has many experiments and deduction. Source: http://www.library.usyd.edu.au/libraries/rare/modernity/newton.html
