The Emergence of Human Communities By ejmalo 4500 BCE 4500 B.C.E. Early agriculture in Nubia Period: 4500 BCE to 250 BCE Emergence of Human Communities 2600 BCE 2600 B.C.E. Beginning of Indus Valley civilization 2575 BCE 2575–2134 B.C.E. Old Kingdom 2350 BCE 2350–2230 B.C.E. Akkadian (Semitic) 2112 BCE 2112–2004 B.C.E. Third Dynasty of Ur (Sumerian) 2040 BCE 2040–1640 B.C.E. Middle Kingdom reigns in Egypt 2000 BCE 2000 B.C.E. Horses in use spreads all over western Asia 2000 BCE 2000 B.C.E. Rise of Minoan civilization on Crete; early Greeks arrive in Greece 1900 BCE 1900–1600 B.C.E. Old Babylonian (Semitic) 1800 BCE 1800 B.C.E. Abraham migrated to Canaan 1750 BCE 1750–1045 B.C.E. Shang dynasty 1700 BCE 1700–1200 B.C.E. Hittites dominant in Anatolia 1640 BCE 1640–1532 B.C.E. Hyksos dominate northern Egypt 1600 BCE 1600 B.C.E. Rise of Mycenaean civilization in Greece 1532 BCE 1532 B.C.E. Beginning of New Kingdom 1500 BCE 1500 B.C.E. Hittites develop iron metallurgy [Mesopotamia] 1500 BCE 1500–1150 B.C.E. Kassite ruled in Mesopotamian 1450 BCE 1450 B.C.E. Destruction of Minoan palaces in Crete 1250 BCE 1250–1200 B.C.E. Israelite occupation of Canaan 1200 BCE 1200–1150 B.C.E. Destruction of Mycenaean centers in Greece [Mediterranean] 1200 BCE 1200 B.C.E. Destruction of Hittite kingdom 1150 BCE 1150 B.C.E. Philistines settle southern coast of Israel 1045 BCE 1045–221 B.C.E. Zhou dynasty 1000 BCE 1000 B.C.E. Origin of Celtic culture in Central Europe 1000 BCE 1000 B.C.E. Initial development of pastoral nomadism 1000 BCE 1000 B.C.E. Iron metallurgy reaches the Mediterranean 1000 BCE 1000 B.C.E. Jerusalem made Israelite capital 969 BCE 969 B.C.E. Hiram of Tyre comes to power 960 BCE 960 B.C.E. Solomon builds First Temple 920 BCE 920 B.C.E. Division into two kingdoms of Israel and Judah 911 BCE 911 B.C.E. Rise of Neo-Assyrian Empire 814 BCE 814 B.C.E. Foundation of Carthage [Mediterranean] 750 BCE 750 B.C.E. Kings of Kush control Egypt 721 BCE 721 B.C.E. Assyrian conquest of northern kingdom 712 BCE 712–660 B.C.E. Nubian kings rule Egypt 701 BCE 701 B.C.E. Assyrian humiliation of Tyre 701 BCE 701 B.C.E. Assyrian humiliation of Tyre 700 BCE 700 B.C.E. Scythians drive out Cimmerians and settle area north of Black Sea 671 BCE 671 B.C.E. Assyrian conquest of Egypt 626 BCE 626–539 B.C.E. Neo- Babylonian kingdom 612 BCE 612 B.C.E. Fall of Assyria 600 BCE 600 B.C.E. Iron metallurgy in China 587 BCE 587 B.C.E. Capture of Jerusalem 551 BCE 551–479 B.C.E. Life of Confucius 550 BCE 550–300 B.C.E. Rivalry of Carthaginians and Greeks in the western Mediterranean 515 BCE 515 B.C.E. Deportees from Babylon return to Jerusalem 500 BCE 500 B.C.E. Celtic elites trade for Mediterranean goods 500 BCE 500–300 B.C.E. Migrations across Europe 450 BCE 450 B.C.E. Hanno the Phoenician explores West Africa 450 BCE 450 B.C.E. Completion of Hebrew Bible 440 BCE 440 B.C.E. Greek historian Herodotus reports on nomadic Scythians 390 BCE 390 B.C.E. Celts sack Rome 356 BCE 356–338 B.C.E. Lord Shang brings Legalist reforms to Qin state 300 BCE 300 B.C.E.–350 C.E. Kingdom of Meroë 300 BCE 300 B.C.E. Ruler of Chinese state of Zhao equips troops like nomad horsemen
