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a document that King John of England was forced to sign, limiting the power of the monarchy and establishing the principle that everyone, including the king, is subject to the law -
Christopher Columbus's arrival in the Americas. -
the first permanent English settlement in North America -
an agreement signed by 41 male passengers on the Mayflower, establishing a "civil body politic" for the newly established Plymouth Colony -
a British-issued order that prohibited Anglo-American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains -
The American Revolution (also known as the American War of Independence), leading to the formation of the United States.
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A foundational document of the United States, formally declaring the thirteen American colonies separation from British rule -
The U.S. Constitution is ratified. -
For $15 million, the U.S. doubled its size, gaining over 828,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi River. This territory included land that would eventually become fifteen states. -
fought between the United States and Great Britain from 1812 to 1815, primarily over maritime issues and British interference with American trade and shipping. -
belief that the United States was destined to expand its dominion and spread democracy and capitalism across the North American continent
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a period of massive migration to California triggered by the discovery of gold -
a conflict between the United States (the Union) and the Confederate States of America, formed by states that seceded from the Union
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It focused on rebuilding the nation, particularly the South, and integrating formerly enslaved people into society. This period involved complex political, social, and legal transformations, including efforts to redefine citizenship, guarantee civil rights, and establish new state governments.
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a period of rapid economic growth and transformation in the United States, particularly between the Civil War and the early 20th century
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a period of widespread social and political reform aimed at addressing the negative consequences of industrialization, urbanization, and political corruption.
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It involved most of the world's great powers, assembling into two opposing military alliances: the Allies (primarily France, Britain, Russia, Italy, and the United States) and the Central Powers (primarily Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Turkey, and Bulgaria). The war resulted in the collapse of four empires (German, Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman, and Russian) and significantly reshaped the political landscape of Europe and the world.
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The 1929 stock market crash, often called Black Tuesday, was a significant event that triggered the Great Depression. On October 29, 1929, the New York Stock Exchange experienced a massive sell-off, with investors trading 16,410,030 shares in a single day, resulting in billions of dollars in losses. This crash exposed underlying weaknesses in the U.S. economy and banking system, ultimately leading to a global economic crisis. -
a severe worldwide economic crisis that, depending on the country. It began with the 1929 stock market crash in the United States and had a devastating impact on economies and societies worldwide.