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4th Amendment

By s2128082@online.houstonisd.org
  • Jun 19, 1961

    Before: Mapp V ohio

    A search warrant was needed for a suspect bomber. They found incriminating pictures but the supreme court agreed with Mapp no warrant means any evidence found is not credible. https://www.uscourts.gov/about-federal-courts/educational-resources/supreme-court-landmarks/mapp-v-ohio-podcast#:~:text=The%20U.S.%20Supreme%20Court%20ruled,Courts%20for%20educational%20purposes%20only.
  • Jun 15, 1964

    Case info:Aguliar V Texas

    Police of texas wanting to search Aguliar for suspicion of illegal drugs from a credible source. Agulilar poses the warrant that was approved was only on hearsay. Therefore the supreme court overturned texas since having a warrant on hearsay is a violation of the 14th amendment reasonable requirement. https://ballotpedia.org/Aguilar_v._Texas
  • Jun 15, 1964

    After Citizens been affected

    Gave more restrictions for getting a warrant on individuals since there can be issues relying on informants.
    https://library.fiveable.me/key-terms/civil-rights-civil-liberties/aguilar-v-texas#:~:text=Fourth%20Amendment%20rights.-,Aguilar%20v.,cause%20when%20relying%20on%20informants.
  • Jun 15, 1964

    Case info:14th amendment involvement

    Due process clause under the 14th amendment, No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/amdt14S13/ALDE_00013743/#:~:text=No%20State%20shall%20make%20or,equal%20protection%20of%20the%20laws
  • Jun 15, 1964

    After: Used as a precedent

    In Aguilar v. Texas, the Supreme Court established that for probable cause based on an informant's tip to be valid, law enforcement must demonstrate two key criteria: the credibility of the informant and the basis of their knowledge.
    https://library.fiveable.me/key-terms/civil-rights-civil-liberties/aguilar-v-texas#:~:text=based%20probable%20cause%3F-,In%20Aguilar%20v.,the%20basis%20of%20their%20knowledge.
  • 1969

    After: Effect

    established the Aguilar–Spinelli test, a judicial guideline for evaluating the validity of a search warrant based on information provided by a confidential informant or an anonymous tip.
    https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/378/108/
  • 1969

    After: State Law Change

    Yes needed test for valid search warrant. (1) the judge must be informed of the reasons to support the conclusion that such an informant is credible; and (2) the judge must be informed of the underlying circumstances of the person providing the information.
    https://ballotpedia.org/Aguilar_v._Texas
  • Jan 27, 1969

    Spinell V United States

    Not enough evidence, gained legally, to prove there was a crime. (based on the fourth amendment)
    https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/393/410/
  • 1983

    Illinois V gates

    Aguilar-Spinell overturned by Illinois V gates Replaced test by “totality-of-the-circumstances test” decisions are based on all available information rather than bright-line rules.
    https://www.lsd.law/define/totality-of-the-circumstances-test#:~:text=Term%3A%20Totality%2Dof%2Dthe,an%20arrest%20or%20search%20warrant.

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