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Period: 25,000 BCE to 5000 BCE
Pre-History
Unga unga -
Period: 5000 BCE to 476
Ancient Age
THIS IS SPARTA -
1400 BCE
Epitafio de Seikilos
It´s the oldest musical composition preserverd. It´s a Greek inscription written on a marble column over the tomb of Seikilos wife -
Period: 476 to Oct 12, 1492
Middle Age
LONG LIVE KING WALLACE -
680
Gregorian Chant
is a type of plainchant, simple, monodic and with a music of the Catholic Church.
its compilation is attributed to Pope Gregory the Great, and it is an evolution of the Roman chant confronted with the Gallican chant
(Gregorian chant was not composed by Pope Gregory the Great). -
991
Guido d’Arezzo´s birth
was an Italian Benedictine monk and music theorist who is one of the central figures in the music of the Middle Ages.
He is remembered today for the development of a notation system that specifies the pitch of sound by means of lines and spaces. -
1098
Hildegard von Bingen´s Birth
was a German Benedictine abbess and polymath saint, active as a composer, writer, philosopher, scientist, naturalist, physician, mystic, monastic leader and prophetess during the middle ages.
She is also one of the most famous composers of sacred monophony, as well as the most recorded in modern times. -
1122
Bernart de Ventadorn´s Birth
was a popular Provençal troubadour, composer and poet. He is probably the best known troubadour of the style known as trobar leu -
1150
Leonin´s Birth
also called Magister Leoninus
Leoninus is, together with Perotinus, the first known composer of polyphonic organum, related to the School of Notre Dame. -
1155
Perotin´s Birth
was a French medieval composer called in French Pérotin le Grand.
Considered the most important composer of the School of Notre Dame de Paris, in which the polyphonic style began to take shape. -
1168
Ars Antiqua
refers to the music of Europe in the late Middle Ages between approximately 1170 and 1310, encompassing the period of the Notre Dame School of polyphony and the years that followed -
1221
Alfonso X birth
Alfonso X of Castile, called the Wise, was the king of the Crown of Castile between 1252 and 1284.
is recognized for the literary, scientific, historical and legal work done by its royal scribes.5Alfonso X sponsored, supervised and often participated with his own writings with a group of Latin, Hebrew and Islamic intellectuals known as the Toledo School of Translators. -
1300
Guillaume de Machaut´s birth
was a French medieval cleric, poet and composer.
the highest representative of the Ars nova, being considered the most famous composer of the 14th century. -
1310
Ars Nova
from Latin “new art”
is an expression due to the theorist Philippe de Vitry that designates the musical production, both French and Italian, after the last works of the ars antiqua until the predominance of the Burgundy school. -
1325
Francesco Landini´s birth
was an Italian composer, organist, singer, poet, instrument maker and astrologer.
He was one of the most famous and admired composers of the second half of the 14th century. -
1400
Johannes Gutenberg´s Birth
was a German goldsmith and the inventor of the modern printing press with movable type.
His most recognized work is the 42-line Bible, which is considered the first book printed with movable type. -
Period: 1400 to 1498
Renaissance
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Oct 9, 1467
Juan del Encina´s Birth
was a poet, musician and playwright of the Spanish Renaissance during the time of the Catholic Monarchs.
he is considered one of the greatest exponents of religious and profane polyphony in Spain in the late 15th and early 16th centuries. -
Nov 10, 1483
Martín Lutero´s Birth
was an Augustinian theologian, philosopher and Catholic friar who began the Protestant Reformation in Germany. -
Period: Oct 9, 1492 to
Modern Age
AMERICA NUMBER ONE
HOMELANDER -
1500
Cristóbal de Morales´s Birth
He was a Spanish priest and the main representant of the Andalusian poliphonic school.
Also, one of the three main composers of the Spanish poliphonic composition of the Renaissance. -
1509
Antonio de Cabezón´s Birth
was a Spanish organist, harpist and composer of the Renaissance. He was blind -
1525
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina´s Birth
was an Italian Renaissance composer and the best known representative of the Roman school of musical composition.
He had a lasting influence on the development of ecclesiastical and secular music in Europe. -
1531
Andrea Gabrieli´s Birth
was an Italian composer and organist of the late Renaissance. An uncle of Giovanni Gabrieli, he was the first internationally renowned member of the Venetian School of composers. -
1532
Orlando di Lasso´s Birth
He was a Franco-Flemish composer of the late Renaissance. Along with Palestrina and Victoria, he is considered one of the most influential composers of the 16th century. -
1544
Maddalena Casulana´s Birth
She was a compositor, also she was a Italian singer, and player of laud.
She was the first woman composer to have an entire volume of her music printed and published in the history of Western music -
1548
Tomás Luis de Victoria´s Birth
He was a Spanish priest and a famous poliphonic composer of the Spanish Renaissance.
He had an innovative compositional style and that's why people used to say that he was very relevant and ahead of his time -
1557
Giovanni Gabrieli´s Birth
One of the most influential musicians of his era.
He was in the transition from renaissance music to baroque music. -
1566
Carlo Gesualdo´s Birth
was an Italian composer, one of the most significant figures of late Renaissance music with intensely expressive madrigals.
The best known event of his life was the murder of his first wife. -
Mar 15, 1567
Claudio Monteverdi´s birth
He was an Italian composer, violagambist, singer, choir conductor and priest.
He marked the transition between polyphonic and madrigalist tradition -
Period: to
Barroco
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Giacomo Carissimi´s Birth
He had a lot of students among them Marc-Antoine Charpentier and Alessandro Scarlatti.
In 1637 he was named a priest, in 1649 was elected pontifical chaper master and introduced the accompaniment of instrumental music in the church. -
Barbara Strozzi´s Birth
Also known as Barbara Valle, she was an Italian composer and singer of the Barroco.
She published eight volumes of its own music, this without the help of the catholic church and the sponsors of the nobles. -
Stradivarius´s Birth
Stradivari (Stradivarius) was a Italian lutier, also an apprentice of Nocolò Amanti.
Stradivarius was the most famous bowed instrument maker, especially violins -
Henry Purcell´s birth
was an English baroque composer. Considered one of the greatest English composers of all time.
he created a unique English style of Baroque music -
Antonio Vivaldi´s Birth
He was a Venetian composer, also he was a entrepeneur, teacher and a Priest.
He´s considered one of the most important and famous baroque composers. -
George Philipp Telemann´s birth
was a German baroque composer, although his work also had characteristics of early classicism. He is considered the most prolific composer in the history of music. -
Georg Friedrich Händel´s Birth
was a German composer, later nationalized British, considered one of the leading figures in the history of music. -
Johann Sebastian Bach´s Birth
He had a great reputation as an organist and harpsichordist throughout Europe for his great technique and ability to improvise music on the organ.
In addition to the organ and harpsichord, he played the violin. -
Christoph Willibald von Gluck´s Birth
He was a German composer and is considered one of the most important opera composers of Classicism. He completely reformed opera by eliminating the da capo arias, suppressing the extensive dry recitatives with harpsichord and replacing them with recitatives accompanied by the orchestra. -
J. Haydn´s Birth
He is one of the greatest representatives of the Classical period, as well as being known as the “father of the symphony” and the “father of the string quartet” thanks to his important contributions to both genres. He lived his entire life in Austria and spent much of his career as a court musician for the wealthy and aristocratic Esterházy family of Hungary. -
Nannerl Mozart´s Birth
She was a famous musician of the 18th century. She was Mozart's older sister. Leopold, her father, took her and her brother to many cities, such as Vienna and Paris, to exploit her talents. At the beginning she stood out as an excellent performer in harpsichord and piano, besides she also had singing skills. -
Mozart´s Birth
Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart. He was a German composer, pianist, conductor and teacher from the former Archbishopric of Salzburg and is considered one of the most influential and outstanding musicians in history. He encompassed all the musical genres of his time and included more than six hundred creations, most of which are recognized as masterpieces of symphonic, concertante, chamber, fortepiano, operatic and choral music, achieving international popularity and diffusion. -
Maria Theresia Von Paradis
She was an Austrian pianist and composer. Although she completely lost her sight at the age of three, this did not prevent the production and work of this great pianist, singer and composer from standing out. Her contributions were fundamental for the musical education of her time, especially for the blind. Nowadays she is an important reference in the history of classical music regarding her musical execution and interpretation. -
Beethoven´s Birth
He was a German composer, conductor, pianist and piano teacher. His legacy has had a decisive influence on the subsequent evolution of this art. Beethoven managed to transcend the music of Romanticism, influencing a variety of musical works of the nineteenth century. His art was expressed in numerous genres and although the symphonies were the main source of his international popularity, his impact proved to be mainly significant in his works for piano and chamber music. -
Period: to
Contemporary Age
BOMB=🇯🇵💥🏳️ -
Rossini´s Birth
He was an Italian composer who gained fame for his 39 operas, although he also wrote many songs, some chamber music and piano pieces, and some sacred music. He set new standards for both comic and serious opera before retiring from large-scale composition while still in his thirties, at the height of his popularity. -
Franz Schubert´s Birth
He was an Austrian composer of the beginnings of musical Romanticism and, at the same time, continuator of the classical sonata following the model of Ludwig van Beethoven. Despite his short life, he left a great legacy, which includes more than six hundred secular vocal works, seven complete symphonies, sacred music, operas, incidental music and a large number of works for piano and chamber music. -
Berlioz´s Birth
He was a French composer and leading figure of romanticism. His best known work is the Symphonie fantastique, premiered in 1830. He quickly became identified with the French Romantic movement. Berlioz is said to have been a born romantic, experiencing intense emotions from early childhood, for example when reading passages from Virgil, and later in a series of love affairs. -
Felix Mendelssohn´s Birth
He was a German composer, conductor and pianist of romantic music. In his childhood he was considered a musical child prodigy, but his parents did not try to capitalize on his abilities. Mendelssohn was well received in England, and his ten visits there, during which he premiered most of his works, formed an important part of his adult career. He founded the Leipzig Conservatory, a bastion of his struggle against the radical musical perspectives of some of his contemporaries. -
Robert Schumann´s Birth
He was a 19th century German composer, pianist and music critic, considered one of the most important and representative composers of musical Romanticism. Schumann left his law studies, intending to pursue a career as a virtuoso pianist. His teacher Friedrich Wieck had assured him that he could become the best pianist in Europe, but a hand injury ended this dream and he focused his musical energies on composition. -
Giuseppe Verdi´s Birth
He was an Italian romantic opera composer, one of the most important of all time. In his early operas he showed sympathy for the Risorgimento movement, which sought the unification of Italy. He also participated briefly as an elected politician. -
Richard Wagner´s Birth
He was a German composer, conductor, playwright and musical theorist of Romanticism. His operas stand out mainly in which, unlike other composers, he also assumed the libretto and scenography. He transformed musical thinking with the idea of the “total work of art”, the synthesis of all the poetic, visual, musical and scenic arts, which he developed in a series of essays between 1849 and 1852, and which he embodied in the first half of his monumental tetralogy The Ring of the Nibelung. -
Clara Schumann´s Birth
She was a German pianist and composer. She was one of the great European concert pianists of the 19th century, and her career was instrumental in disseminating the compositions of her husband, Robert Schumann. Considered one of the most distinguished pianists of the Romantic era, she exerted her influence in a 61 year concert career, and changed the format and repertoire of the exhibition piano recital from virtuosity to programs of serious works. She also composed solo piano pieces. -
Smetana´s Birth
He was a composer born in Bohemia, a region that during his lifetime was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He was a pioneer in the development of a musical style that was closely linked to Czech nationalism. For this reason, he is recognized in his country as the father of Czech music. He is internationally known for his opera The Bartered Bride and for the cycle of symphonic poems Má vlast (My Homeland), which depict the history, legends and landscapes of the composer's native land. -
Johannes Brahms Birth
He was a German composer, pianist and conductor of the Romantic period, considered the most classical of the composers of that period. Born into a Lutheran family, he spent much of his professional life in Vienna.
He remained faithful all his life to romantic and conservative classicism, influenced by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Joseph Haydn and, particularly, by Ludwig van Beethoven and Robert Schumann. He was possibly the greatest representative of the conservative circle in the Romantic War. -
Musorgski´s Birth
He was a Russian composer, member of the group “The Five”. Músorgski was an innovator of Russian music in the Romantic period. He strove for a uniquely Russian musical identity, often deliberately defying the established conventions of Western music. Many of his works were inspired by Russian history, Russian folklore, and other national themes. -
Chaikovski´s Birth
He was a Russian composer of the Romanticism period. He is the author of some of the most famous classical music such as the ballets Swan Lake, The Sleeping Beauty and The Nutcracker. The training he received, regulated and oriented to Western music, distanced him from the contemporary nationalist movement. personified in the “Group of Five” formed by a group of young Russian composers, with whom Tchaikovsky maintained a professional and friendly relationship throughout his career. -
Dvorak´s Birth
He was a post-Romantic composer from Bohemia - a territory then belonging to the Austrian Empire - one of the first Czech composers to achieve worldwide recognition and one of the great composers of the second half of the 19th century. He frequently employed rhythms and other aspects of the folk music of Moravia and his native Bohemia, following the example of his predecessor, the Romantic-era nationalist Bedřich Smetana. -
Grieg´s Birth
He was a Norwegian composer and pianist, considered one of the main representatives of late Romanticism. He adapted many themes and songs from the folklore of his country, thus contributing to create a Norwegian national identity, as did Jean Sibelius in Finland or Dvořák in Bohemia. His most important works are: the piano concerto in A minor, the intimate Lyric Pieces and especially Peer Gynt, incidental music he wrote at the request of the writer Henrik Ibsen for his drama of the same name. -
Korsakov´s Birth
He was a Russian composer, conductor and pedagogue who was a member of the group of composers known as The Five. He strongly believed in the development of a nationalistic style of classical music. This style consisted of the use of traditional Russian folk songs, as well as exotic harmonic, melodic and rhythmic elements, avoiding traditional Western compositional methods. -
Chopin´s Birth
He was a French-Polish composer, virtuoso pianist and teacher, considered one of the most important in history and one of the greatest representatives of musical romanticism. He has maintained a worldwide reputation as one of the leading musicians of his time, whose “poetic genius was based on a professional technique unparalleled in his generation”. -
Puccini´s birth
He was an Italian opera composer, considered among the greatest of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
He was a visionary, creator of the music concepts that would rule the cinema during the 20th century. For him, the use of modal passages or polytonal resources and tonality or atonality were matters of effect that were defined by the dramatic needs of the work. -
Hugo Wolf´s Birth
He was an Austrian composer of Slovenian origin who lived in Vienna during the late 19th century. An enthusiastic follower of Richard Wagner, he got mixed up in the disputes existing in Vienna, at that time, between Wagnerians and Formalists or Brahmsians. He was a very enthusiastic person, but also very unbalanced. -
Mahler´s Birth
He was an Austro-Bohemian composer and conductor whose works are considered, along with those of Richard Strauss, the most important of post-Romanticism.
In the first decade of the 20th century, Gustav Mahler was one of the most important orchestra and opera conductors of his time. -
Claude Debussy´s Birth
He was a French composer, one of the most influential of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Some authors consider him the first impressionist composer. He was admitted to the best center of musical studies in France, the Paris Conservatory, at the age of ten. He initially studied piano, but found his vocation in avant-garde composition, despite the disapproval of the Conservatoire's conservative professors. -
Sibelius Birth
He was a Finnish composer and violinist of late Romanticism and early Modernism. He is widely recognized as his country's greatest composer and, through his music, is often credited with helping Finland develop a national identity during its struggle for independence from Russia. -
Schönberg´s Birth
He was an Austrian composer, music theorist and painter of Jewish origin. Since he emigrated to the United States in 1934, he adopted the name Arnold Schoenberg, and this is how he usually appears in English-language publications and around the world.
He is recognized as one of the first composers to delve into atonal composition, and especially for the creation of the technique of dodecaphonism based on series of twelve notes. He was also the leader of the so-called Second Vienna School. -
Ravel´s Birth
He was a French composer of the 20th century. His work, often linked to impressionism, also shows a bold neoclassical style, features of expressionism, and is the fruit of a complex heritage and musical discoveries that revolutionized music for piano and orchestra. Recognized as a master of orchestration and for being a meticulous musical craftsman, cultivating formal perfection while remaining at the same time profoundly human and expressive. -
Manuel de Falla´s Birth
He was a Spanish composer of musical nationalism, one of the most important composers of the first half of the 20th century, along with Isaac Albéniz, Enrique Granados, Joaquín Turina and Joaquín Rodrigo, and one of the most important Spanish composers of all time. -
Bartok´s Birth
He was a Hungarian musician who excelled as a composer, pianist and researcher of Eastern European folk music. He is considered one of the greatest composers of the 20th century. He was one of the founders of ethnomusicology, based on the relationship between ethnology and musicology. -
Joaquín Turina´s Birth
He was a Spanish composer and musicologist representing nationalism in the first half of the 20th century. Manuel de Falla, Isaac Albéniz and he composed the most important works of impressionism in Spain. His most important works are Danzas fantásticas and La procesión del Rocío. -
Stravinski´s Birth
He was a Russian composer and conductor and one of the most important and transcendental musicians of the 20th century.
His long life allowed him to become acquainted with a great variety of musical trends. His protests against those who labeled him as a musician of the future are justified: "It is absurd. I don't live in the past or in the future. I am in the present". In his present he composed a large number of classical works in a variety of styles. -
Kodaly´s Birth
He was an outstanding Hungarian musician whose musical style first went through a post-romantic-Viennese phase and then evolved towards its main characteristic: the mixture of folklore and complex harmonies of the 20th century, shared with Béla Bartók. He studied in Galánta, the city to which he would dedicate his famous Dances, and in Nagyszombat. Later, in Budapest, he entered the Franz Liszt Academy of Music, where he studied with Hans von Koessler. -
George Gershwin´s Birth
He was an American musician, composer and pianist. He is popularly recognized for having achieved a perfect amalgamation between classical music and jazz, which is evident in his prodigious works.
Among his best known works are the orchestral compositions Rhapsody in Blue (1924) and An American in Paris (1928)
He moved to Paris, intending to study with Nadia Boulanger, but she turned him down. -
Messiaen´s Birth
He was a French composer, organist, pedagogue and ornithologist, one of the most outstanding musicians of the century. His fascination with Hinduism, his admiration for nature and birds, his deep Christian faith and his love of instrumental color were fundamental to his formation as a person and artist. He entered the Paris Conservatory at the age of 11. He was appointed organist at the Church of the Holy Trinity in Paris in 1931, a post he held until his death. -
Pierre Schaeffer´s Birth
He was a French composer. He is considered the creator of concrete music. He is the author of the book entitled Treatise on Musical Objects, where he exposes all his theory on this type of music. He composed several works, all of them based on the technique of concrete music. Among them it is worth mentioning his study for locomotives. -
John Cage´s Birth
He was an American composer, music theorist, artist and philosopher. A pioneer of aleatoric music, electronic music and the non-standard use of musical instruments, Cage was one of the leading figures of the post war avant garde. Critics have applauded him as one of the most influential American composers of the 20th century. He was instrumental in the development of modern dance, primarily through his association with choreographer Merce Cunningham. -
Heitor Villa-Lobos Birth
He was a Brazilian conductor and composer. His music was influenced by both Brazilian folk music and European classical music.
He received some musical instruction from his father. Already before 1899, the year of his father's death, Villa-Lobos had begun to dedicate himself to music as a professional. He performed as a café musician playing the cello, although he was also an occasional performer on guitar, clarinet and piano. -
Pierre Henry´s Birth
He was a French musician, considered the creator, along with Pierre Schaeffer, of the so-called concrete music and one of the fathers of electroacoustic music. -
Philip Glass Birth
He is an American composer of minimalist classical music. He studied at the Juilliard School in New York. His international recognition increased since the appearance of his opera Einstein on the Beach.
Such a prolific composer, he has worked in various fields such as opera, orchestral music, chamber music and film. He works regularly with the Philip Glass Ensemble. -
Comienzo WW2
