Ancient China Timeline By ovanderlin 2100 BCE China's first dynasty: Xia dynasty 563 BCE Siddhartha Gautama was born and his teachings formed the base of Buddhism. 551 BCE Chinese Philosopher, Teacher, and Author Confucius was born. 481 BCE Start of the Warren States period 221 BCE Start of the Qin Dynasty and the rule of China's first emperor, Qin Shi Huang 220 BCE The Great Wall of China is built by Qin Shi Huang 206 BCE Start of the Han Dynasty 220 The Han Dynasty ends, and China then gets split into three kingdoms: Wei, Shu, and Wu 1279 A fierce, nomadic force dubbed: The Mongols, take control of China 1644 Start of the Qing Dynasty, the last imperial dynasty in China