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German born Conceptualist
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British Op artist
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Catalyst artist for Land Art
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Catalyst artist for Land Art
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The war pushed French modernists out of France for fear of persecution or in solidarity with French Jews. They went to American which became the new center for Modern art.
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The American Abstract Expressionists such as Pollock and Rothko were highly influenced by these Surrealist painters and their techniques. In this year Pollock and Rothko experiment with 'automatism'
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Held at the 'Art of this Century Gallery' in New York
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British Land artist
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This changed ideas about traditionalism in art. Artists began looking for a new language to express a new time
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As many of the Abstract Expressionists, Gorky commited suicide after a long term battle with depression
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Preceded Rothko in this technique
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process rather than product
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Senator McCarthy began the investigations into alleged attempts by the Communist governments (USSR, China) to infiltrate the US government. Lead to mass fear of Communism and the Cold War.
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Originator of Fauvism and, along with Picasso, perceived to be one of the fathers of Modern Art.
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First exhibition of Pop Art.
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This is where Frank Stella's Black Paintings were exhibited
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The term Op art was used in ‘Time’ magazine to describe the new style of art that created optical effects
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Medium: synthetic polymer paint on composition board
Dimensions: 148 cm x 149.5 cm
Location: MoMA, New York City -
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Included works by Riley, Vasarely and Albers
Critics condemned the work for being full of gimmicky visual tricks
Due to the 1960s fashions, Op art images were popular and used in many commercial contexts e.g. print, television, advertising, graphics, fashion and interior design
However, it was never as internationally renowned/widely accepted as Pop art -
Artist viewed through gallery window
Face covered with honey and gold leaf, an iron slab attached to his boot
In his arms he cradled a dead hare, mumbling ‘explanations’ to it for drawings lining the war
Honey = production of bees, ideal society of warmth and brotherhood -
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Early work of Land Art / Performance art
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artistic partnership over 4 decades
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Conceptual artists' were highly influenced by Fountain (1917)
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First exhibition of Land Art
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Consists of artists singing along to a record of the 1930s music hall song ‘Underneath the Arches’ while standing on top of a table, wearing tweed suits and using a glove and a plastic walking stick as props. Their faces were painted bronze.
The song’s lyrics tell the story of a homeless man in london who sleeps under the arches of a railway bridge
The piece was first performed under a london railway bridge but was received as a sensation in many european cities -
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Monumental work of Land art
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Land art was in response to the rise of the environmentalist movement in the 1970s
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Land Art responded to this crisis - ended 1975
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Began planning in 1972, the work was created through huge collective efforts
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