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The Sumerians made one of the greatest cultural advances in history. They developed cuneiform, the world's first writing system. (pg65)
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Around 3100BC, Menes rose to power in Upper Egypt. He was named as Egypt's first pharaoh. (pg91)
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By 3000BC, several hundred thousand Sumerians had settled in Mesopotamia, in a land called Sumer. (pg60)
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The most famous pharaoh of the Old Kingdom was Khufu, who ruled in the 2500sBC. (pg90)
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In 2300sBC, Sargon extend to Akkadian territory. He built a new capital, Akkad, on the Euphrates River, near what is now the city of Baghdad. Sargon was the first ruler to have a permanent army. (pg61)
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According to ancient stories, Yu the Great at around 2200 BC founded the Xia Dynasty. But, archaeologists have not yet found evidence that the tales about Xia are true. (pg163)
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Mentuhotep II's rule began the Middle Kingdom. (pg96)
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Two of the earliest cultures were the Minoans and Mycenaens. (pg230)
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The Babylonians conquer Mesopotamia. (pg72)
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Harappan civilization ended by early 1700s BC, but no one know why. (pg128)
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In the mid-1700s BC, a group from Southwest Asia called the Hyksos invaded. The Egyptians did not like them. Eventually, the Egyptians fought back. (pg97)
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Strongest in the Huang He Valley, Shang ruled a broad nation of northern China. (pg163)
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Two of the earliest culture were the Minoans and Mycenaeans. (pg230)
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Ramses the Great came to power, whose reign was one of the longest in Egyptian history. (pg98)
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In the late 1200sBC, the Assyrians from Northern Mesopotamia briefly gain control of Babylon. (pg74)
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In the 1100s BC, Zhou ruled over a kingdom in China. The Zhou Dynasty lasted longer than any other dynasty in Chinese history. (pg166)
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Saul became the first king of Israel.
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In the mid-1000s BC, the Philistines invaded the Israelites' lands. (pg205)
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The greatest poet of the ancient world. He wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey. (pg246)
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Piankhi was among Kush's most successful military leaders. (pg109)
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In 612BC, they destroyed Nineveh and the Assyrian Empire. (pg75)
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Most famous lyric poet was a women named Sappho. Most of her poems were about love and relationships with her friends and family. (pg247)
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The most famous Chaldean king, Nebuchadnezzar, rebuild Babylon into a beautiful city. His grand palace featured the famous Hanging Gardens. (pg75)
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Cyrus was successful as emperor was the way he treated conquered people. (pg261)
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Confucius was a dedicated student in his teenage years. His teachings influenced the Chinese life and thought. (pg169)
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The most famous Daoist teacher. (pg170)
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He led the government from about 460 BC until his death in 429 BC. (pg240)
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Alexander's empire was the largest the world had ever seen. (pg275)
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Around 270 BC, Asoka became king, he was one of the strongest ruler of all the Mauryan emperors. (pg143)
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In 221 BC, Qin King Ying succeeded in unifying China , and gave himself a title " Shi HuangDi ". (pg172)
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Shi HuangDi demanded everyone to follow his policies. The Emperor responded to the opposition by burying 460 scholars alive. (pg173)
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Liu Bang became the first emperor of the Han Dynasty. This Chinese dynasty lasted for more than 400 years. (pg178)
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The spread of Buddhism increased after Asoka became Buddhist. (pg140)
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Historians believe that the first women to rule Kush was Queen Shanakhadakheto. (pg113)
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Queen Shanakhadakheto ruled from 170 BC to 150 BC. (pg113)
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In 140 BC, Emperor Wudi took the throne. Under, Wudi, Confucianism became China's official government philosophy. (pg179)
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The most famous route traders use was The Silk Road, is was 4000-mile long and stretched westward from China across Asia's deserts and mountain ranges, through the Middle East, until it reached the Mediterranean Sea. (pg187)
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The Zealots was the most rebellious of the Jews. They think they shouldn't listen to God. (pg214)
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In about AD 350, King Ezana destroyed Meroe and took over Kush. (pg113)
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In 375 Candra Gupta II took the throne in India. (pg144)
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The Dead Sea Scrolls was found not until 1947, when few young boys discovered while trying to find their lost sheep. (pg212)