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The Han rose to power after their leader Han Wu-Di defeated the Xiongnu menace
During Han rule the Great Wall was refurbished and extended 300 miles
Paper, compass, porcelain, wheelbarrow and seismograph was invented
Silk Route was created for trade with Rome -
• 206 BC to AD 220
• Chang’an was the capital
• Time of inventions and advances and one of the best times in China’s history
• Han rose to power after the leader Han Wu-di defeated the Xiongnu menace
• Helped rebuild and extended the Great Wall 300 miles
• Expanded westward and established an age of technological innovation, and philosophical one too
• Political Ideals include
o Good rulers rule for a long time
o Emperors were considered the most powerful and knowledgeable people
• Inventions in -
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Genghis Khan conquered most of Asia and parts of Europe and his grandson Kublai Khan laid siege on the Song Dynasty to establish the first non-Chinese dynasty called the Yuan
Mongols started many projects, such as rebuilting roads and irrigation, building granaries and improved the Grand Canal -
Genghis Khan conquered most of Asia and parts of Europe and his grandson Kublai Khan laid siege on the Song Dynasty to establish the first non-Chinese dynasty called the Yuan
Mongols started many projects, such as rebuilting roads and irrigation, building granaries and improved the Grand Canal -
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First Emperor was The Hongeu Emperor
Completed the Great Wall and finished the restoration of the Grand Canal
Cotton and silk looms were made along with advancement in military technology such as heavy artillery -
• The capital started out as Nanjing and then later changed to Beijing because it was more convenient for trade and naval access
• Koreans and Japanese constantly attack the Chinese coastal cities
• These conflicts weakened the Ming Dynasty and prepared China for the last major shift
• Manchus invaded from the north -
Koreans and Japanese constantly attacked the Chinese coastal cities
Manchus invaded from the North
These conflicts weakened the Ming dynasty and prepared China for the last major shift -
Conflict between the Qing dynasty Manchu clan, Aisin Gioro in Manchuria and the Ming Dynasty in the south. They wanted to rebel against the MIng
The Qing conquered the Ming and deemed the state China/Zhongguo
Led by Emperor Kangxi and his army of 80,000 troops
Emperor Cixi became one of the most formidable women in modern history
She ruled in place of her son because he was too young -
• Conflict between the Qing dynasty Manchu clan, Aisin Gioro in Manchuria and the Ming Dynasty in the south
• They wanted to rebel against the Ming
• Manchu ruled China the same as everyone else, implemented their own cultural beliefs
• After they took over the Ming, the Qing deemed the state as China/Zhongguo
• Han Chinese were prohibited from migrating into Manchurian Homeland
• 80,000 troops led by the Emperor Kangxi
• End of the 18th century the Qing reached their largest territorial extent -
Opium war was fought because of unfair trade between the Chinese and Great Britain, was also fought over their conflicting viewpoints on diplomatic relations, and the administration of justice for foreign nationals.
Opium was destroying the citizens one by one as its addictive traits spread like a wildfire throughout mainland China -
• British began to demonstrate their discontent with China
o 1793-British ambassador kneeled on only one knee rather than the full kowtow
o Supported converting Chinese to western ways
o Forced themselves on the Chinese
o Chinese didn’t want British trade goods and they attempted to control British rule in China -
Taiping hoped to give China back to its people and to remove ancient customs that were harmful such as slavery, footbinding, torture, etc.
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After 14 years of fighting, over a million people died
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Boxer Rebellion began when an anti-foreign/Christian movement formed in China
The government tooks action because the boxer bands were killing Chinese Christians
Sun Yat-Sen was a Chinese revolutionary and the the president of the Republic of China. He played a critical role in overthrowing the Qing Dynasty -
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The Aisin-Gioro Puyi was the last emperor
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First emperor was Emperor Gaozu
Known as the "Golden Age of Literature"
Buddhism flourished and block print was invented -
Taken over by Arabs
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First emperor was Emperor Taizu
Song Dynasty was a cultural refinement and created the idea of a Universal Man
Neo-Confucianism became popular, which was the combination of ancient ideals of Confucian tought along the ideas from Buddhism and Taoism -
Sui gained power by starting projects such as the Grand Canal for shipping route and reconstructed the Great Wall
Wendi took the throne by force and claimed himself as emperor -
• AD 581-617
• Sui gained power by starting projects
o Grand Canal-shipping route
o Reconstruction of the Great Wall
• Wendi tool the throne by force and claimed himself as emperor -
• Tang was from AD 618-907
• Buddhism flourished
• Block Print was invented
• Golden Age of Literature
• Dependent on aristocratic families and warlords
• Taken over by Arabs later -
• 960-1279
• Northern Invaders terminated the previous dynasty leaving the next half of the century for china to divide into 5 northern and 10 southern dynasties
• Song Dynasty was a cultural refinement and created the idea of a Universal Man
o Combined qualities of a scholar, poet, painter, and statesman
o Creates historical writings, paintings, calligraphy, and sculptures
o They sought knowledge and philosophical answers
