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One of the greatest Khans of Mongol history,Temujin, united many of the Mongol clans. He gained ground quickly.
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Coming from centeral Asia the Mongols, a nomadic war culture launched thier invasion of China. The mongols usually travlled in legions of around 10,000 and used brutal war tactics.
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Over this period of time the Mongols became skilled in new battle arts like gun powder and siege warfare.
Siege warfare: Using long drawn out battles to conquer entire citys at a time. Often involving large destructive weapons and starvation. -
After the uniting of the Mongols, Temujin became the "the universal ruler" or Genghas Khan. This united the clans even further, and made the conquering of china go faster.
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Leaving 4 heirs in his wake, Genghas Khan dies.The empire was split into fourths until one ruler could become the new ruler.
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Kublai Khan starts to complete a conquest of the rest of China.
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Huelga also conquered Persia around the same time as Batu attacking Russai. Both of these things even further expanded The Mongol borders.
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"Golden Age" of Mongolian Empire. Large amounta of trade going in and out of China. Mongols guarded roads and made travel easy for merchants and everyday people. Is bleieved to have accured during the Black Death in Europe
Black Death: An epidemic in europe, and a nickm]name for the Bubonic Plague and killed a large amopunt of europes population. -
After much deliberation Kublai Khan becomes great Khan and starts the new Yuan Dynasty. Also works to complete conquering China.
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The Mongols tried to take Japan twice, both with large fleets, and failed both times due to large and deadly windstorms.
Kamikaze: Was first used to describe the deadly winds that kept the Mongols away from the Japan. In World War II Japanese plane pilots who drove into enemy bases or boats in suicide dives fit the term. -
Marco Polo and his father, two Italians from Venice, came to China. Kublai Khan liked Marco oplo and he later had many stories to tell.
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Kublai Khan completes conquering China and fully expands Yuan empire to its fullest.
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Kublai Khan dies causing the empire to fall into dissaster. The event will eventually cause the fall of the empire.
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Marco Polo was captured, and a fellow prisoner wrote down all hi adventures in China. The book was a huge success, but caused a debate about whether or not he had really gone tocHina due to some historical discrepences.
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Rebellions against the Mongols due to thier weakening forces.
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The Mongols finally are forced to retreat due to Manchuria due to increasing rebellions. This officialy ended the Mongol reighn and one of the greatest empire on earth.
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Yuan Zhangs rebellion completly overthrows Mongols. Begins Ming Dynasty. Lower Taxes, less corruption, MIng Emporers had more power than Yuan predacecors. Changes name to Hong Wu.
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Ended first part of Ming Empire.
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Included the building of the Forbidden City. It was known as the forbidden city because only the Imperial family and court inside. The general public was not admmited. It had high walls and was a very large.
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ZHeng He, a muslim admiral, went around giving gifts of the Chinese Emporers to other countries and even continents. He di this until 1433 when his funding was cut for military expansion. He travled in bamboo boats known as Junks, of strong construction.
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The Ming government strictly regulated all foreign trade, and greatly limited any busness. Although they could not stop it all toghether.
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The Ming started to reconstruct and add-on to the great wall (originaly built by the Han) to keep out the re-imerging Mongul threat.
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Adopted CHinese culture and language in an effort to increase trade with other coultures, especially the Ming.
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Starting to decline in the late 1500's. Rebelions started to surface and bring Ming down.
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The Manchu take hold of China and gently usher out the Ming. They kept many of the confucian laws/standards but did,however, force the Chinese men to wear theManchu bun hair style.
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The Qing ruler Quilong ruled and ushered in a new age of cultural development. His rule ended in 1796
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The QIng population hits 300 million making it one of the most densly populated places on Earth
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Kangxi gained power and lowered taxes for working peasents. He kept the company of Jesuit priests and enjoyed learning from them and hearing of thier ways.
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Lord George Mcartney's offer for trade between the Us and China is denied, and China is very cut off from other cultures.
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