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Mussolini’s March on Rome
When Mussolini took a significant role in the government of Italy, he wanted to rule Italy completely. Therefore, he led the March on Rome to show his strength. As a result, Mussolini gained unlimited power in Italy. -
Hitler writes Mein Kampf
Hitler wrote this book while serving a short prison sentence for attempting to overthrow the German government. The book describes Hitler's political ideas such as racial superiority and nationalism. -
Japan invades Manchuria
Japan attacked Manchuria (eastern China), rich in natural resources such as coal and iron, in order not to be dependent on trade with the West. Soon the Japanese declared Manchuria a new state under Japanese control. -
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Holodomor
When Lenin was in power in Russia, he gave the land to the peasants, but Stalin tried to take it back. When the peasants resisted, Stalin dealt with them brutally. He sent people to the cold Siberian Gulag labor camp. He even stopped supplying food to Soviet Ukraine, causing millions of Ukrainians to starve to death. -
Hitler appointed chancellor of Germany
After Hitler was released from prison, he continued to try to gain power. Because Germany was in the Great Depression at the time, the people needed a strong leader who could improve their lives. And then Hitler promises to restore Germany's strength and army, saying that the Germans are a "master race." As a result, he had many followers, and Hitler took the position of Chancellor, the highest position in Germany. -
“Night of the Long Knives” in Germany
Hitler began to kill anyone who was a potential threat to his policies. These were hundreds of people who were members of the Nazi Party. In this way, Hitler intimidated the German legislature, which gave Hitler full power. -
Nuremberg Laws enacted
Hitler's Nazi government passed many laws restricting Jewish residence in Germany. For example, Jews could not marry Germans, Jews could no longer have citizenship or the right to vote. Jews were also restricted in their work. -
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The Great Purge
By the mid-1930s, when Stalin had absolute power, he feared that people were plotting against him and trying to kill him. So he began purges. Stalin got rid of tens of thousands of undesirables by executing them or sending them to the Gulag. -
The Rape of Nanking
As tensions between China and Japan grew after the takeover of Manchuria, both sides deployed troops in China and began open warfare. This conflict became known as the Second Sino-Japanese War. The first battles took place in Nanjing (also known as Nanking). Japanese troops killed 100,000 Chinese men, women, children, soldiers, and civilians. -
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Kristallnacht
A few years after the Nuremberg Laws were passed, the Nazis launched an anti-Jewish attack. This attack is called Kristallnacht. During the riots, 100 Jews were killed, windows were broken, and thousands of Jewish businesses and places of worship were destroyed.