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The Battles of Lexington and Concord, fought on April 19, 1775, initiated the American Revolutionary War by marking the first military engagements between British regulars and American colonial militias -
The winter at Valley Forge (1777-1778) was a period of immense hardship for the Continental Army, marked by severe cold, lack of supplies, and disease, yet it became a crucial turning point where, under Washington's leadership, Baron von Steuben's training transformed the army into a disciplined fighting force ready for future victories. -
Benedict Arnold turned traitor to the American cause during the Revolutionary War in 1780 by plotting to surrender the American fort at West Point to the British. -
The Battle of Cowpens was a military engagement during the American Revolutionary War fought on January 17, 1781, near the town of Cowpens, South Carolina. -
On August 19, 1812, during the War of 1812, the American frigate USS Constitution, commanded by Captain Isaac Hull, defeated the British frigate HMS Guerriere. -
The Battle of Baltimore was a pivotal engagement during the War of 1812, where American forces successfully defended the port city against a combined British sea and land assault from September 12–14, 1814. -
The Battle of New Orleans was a pivotal engagement of the War of 1812, fought on January 8, 1815, where American forces led by Major General Andrew Jackson achieved a decisive victory against the British Army. -
Presidential elections were held in the United States from October 31 to December 2, 1828. Just as in the 1824 election. -
The Battle of the Alamo was a pivotal 13-day siege from February 23 to March 6, 1836, in San Antonio, Texas, where a small group of Texian defenders, including Davy Crockett, was overwhelmed and killed by Mexican forces led by President General Antonio López de Santa Anna. -
Mexico lost California, New Mexico, and most of Arizona to the United States through the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which ended the Mexican-American War in 1848. -
On November 6, 1860, he was elected president. Lincoln's steadfast refusal to allow for the expansion of slavery and his unwavering belief in democracy and freedom of opportunity for all propelled him to the White House and sustained him through four long years of civil war. -
South Carolina seceded from the United States on December 20, 1860, following the election of Abraham Lincoln and a growing fear among Southerners that the federal government would undermine slavery. -
The First Battle of Bull Run (or First Manassas) was the first major land battle of the American Civil War, fought on July 21, 1861, near Manassas, Virginia. -
The Battle of Gettysburg was a pivotal, three-day battle of the American Civil War fought from July 1-3, 1863, in and around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. -
The "Treaty" at Appomattox Court House was actually a set of lenient terms of surrender negotiated by Union General Ulysses S. Grant and Confederate General Robert E. Lee on April 9, 1865, marking the end of the American Civil War. -
The USS Maine exploded and sank in Havana Harbor on February 15, 1898, due to an internal fire in its forward gunpowder magazines, a cause still accepted by many historians, though contemporary American opinion blamed Spain, using the incident's rallying cry "Remember the Maine!" to incite the Spanish-American War. -
The primary "Battle of the Philippines" in the Spanish-American War was the Battle of Manila Bay on May 1, 1898, where U.S. Commodore George Dewey's squadron destroyed the Spanish Pacific fleet. -
The Star-Spangled Banner" became the official U.S. national anthem on March 3, 1931, when President Herbert Hoover signed the bill into law. The legislation had been introduced by Representative John Linthicum in 1930, following growing recognition of the song's patriotic significance and a campaign to make it the official anthem