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Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born in Porbandar, India.
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Under the Royal Titles Act of 1876, Queen Victoria was pronounced the Empress of India.
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The Indian National Congress was founded as a political body; however, it became the strongest foundation and most prominent organization influencing the Indian Independence Movement.
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Subhas Chandra Bose was born in Cuttack, India at around 2pm.
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Bhagat Singh was born in Jaranwala Tehsil, Pakistan.
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The Defense of India Act was formulated to give the British special priviledges and instructions to deal with revolutionary and German threats.
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Subhas Chandra Bose was expelled from Presidency College for assult and battery against a professor for 'racism' towards Indian students.
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A crowd of non-violent , unarmed followers of Gandhi gathered in the Jallianwala Bagh garden for a public meeting were disarrayed and shot down without warning by British soldiers.
Over 1500 Indians were killed during this massacre. while not one British soldier was killed.
This was the event that commenced the Indian Independence Movement – the leaders of India decided that India required full independence, not just self-rule. -
Gandhi officially announced the founding of his Noncoopernation Movement to India.
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Subhas Chandra Bose joined Ghandi's Non-Cooperation Movement.
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Subhas Chandra Bose was personally asked by Ghandi to work under Chitta Ranjan Das, a politican in Bengal. While working under Chitta Ranjan Das, Subhas Chandra Bose achieved several leadership positions in the Noncooperation Movement such as youth educator and commandant to the Bengal Congress Volunteers.
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Subhas Chandra Bose organized a boycott against the visitation of the Prince of Wales.
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Subhas Chandra Bose was arrested by the British for revolution conspiracy and working with Gandhi's Noncooperation Movements. He was held in prison for 6 months.
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In the town of Chauri Chaura, there was a large group of non-violent protestors gathered for the Non-Cooperation Movement. However, it quickly turned violent as the British opened fire on the peaceful protestors. In retaliation, the once non-violent people set fire to a British police station.
Over 300 civilians and 23 policemen were killed in the incident.
This event caused the Non-Cooperation Movement to be shut down by the Indian National Congress. -
After the cancellation of the Non-Cooperation Movement, Bhagat Singh joined the Young Revolutionary Movement, which advocated the overthrowing of the British Raj through violence.
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Subhas Chandra Bose was appointed he Chief Executive Officer of the Calcutta Municipal Corporation. Chitta Ranjan Das was the mayor.
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Because of his frequent involvements with the Revolutionary groups, the British deported Subhas Chandra Bose to Mandalay, Burma.
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Bhagat Singh founded the Naujawan Bharat Sabha, an organization that encouraged radical revolutionary actions against the British Raj. The organization mainly recruited workers and peasant youth.
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The British ended his deporation period and allowed Subhas Chandra Bose to return to India.
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Subhas Chandra Bose was elected the President of the Bengal Congress after Chitta Ranajn Das's death. While in office, Subhas Chandra Bose reformed the Congress that had been left in disarray after Das's death.
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Subhas Chandra Bose organized a group of people called the Bengal Volunteers. The Bengal Volunteers focused on assassinating various British individuals who were involved in the unfair treatment of Indians.
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The Hindustan Socialist Republican Association was founded in New Delhi by Chandrasekhar Azad, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Yogendra Shukla. The group favoured the use of armed struggle, terrorism and retaliatory strikes to overthrow the British Raj.
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Lala Lajpat Rai was a non-violent revoutionary leader in the Indian Independence Movement.
When he was leading a non-violent protest in Lahore against the Commission, British police attempted to disperse the movement. However, a police superintendent, James A. Scott, also assaulted Lala Lajpat Rai and injuried him.
A few days after the incident, Lala Lajpat Rai died of a heart attack, a result of the shock from the attack. -
Bhagat Singh and three other revolutionaries – Shivaram Rajguru, Sukhdev Thapar and Chandrashekhar Azad – plotted the murder of James A. Scott, the man who assaulted Lala Lajpat Rai.
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Bhagat Singh commenced the plan to kill James A. Scott and hid outside the police station. However, he mistook John P. Saunders, the assistant superintendent, for James A. Scott.
Bhagat Singh shot John P. Saunders, effectively killing him, but missed his real target, James A. Scott. -
Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt detonated a bomb in the Hindustan Republican Association Building to stop the formulation of another Denfense of India Act. The bomb did not injure or kill anyone.
Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt were arrested immediately after the bomb was set off. During their interrogations, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt revealed information about their planned assassination of James A. Scott and Bhagat Singh confessed to the accidental killing of John P. Saunders. -
Bhagat Singh was hung for the murder of John P. Saunders.
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After being arrested several times, Subhas Chandra Bose was forced into exile. He went to Europe, and during this time, he wrote a book (The Indian Struggle, 1920 - 1934) and discussed India's situation with other Europeans leaders.
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Immediately after ending his exile and returning to India, in 1936 Subhas Chandra Bose was arrested once again by the British, and released after one year in 1937
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Subhas Chandra Bose was elected the President of the Indian National Congress. He remained in power for 2 years – two terms. For his reelection, Subhas Chandra Bose won against a Gandhian rival.
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Subhas Chandra Bose realized that he could not succeed as President of the Indian National Congress without the support of Gandhi's followers; therefore he resigned from office.
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Subhas Chandra Bose founded the Forward Bloc, an organization/political party that was focused on the people who supported radical revolutionary actions rather than Gandhi's peaceful movements.
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Due to his involvement with the Forward Bloc, Subhas Chandra Bose was once again arrested. He was placed under house-arrest with several guards watching him.
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Despite the guards around his house, Subhas Chandra Bose created a disguise and escaped his house arrest. He fled to Germany, where there were already many Indians gathered in Berlin.
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While in Germany, Subhas Chandra Bose decided to spread the word on the situation of India. He began to broadcast on a German radio station called Azad Hind Radio. The broadcasts could be heard in 7 languages: English, Hindi, Bengali, Tamil, Telugu, Gujarati, and Pashto.
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The Quit India Resolution was established by the Indian National Congress to encourage all Indians to rise up together as one nation to ignore the orders of the British. It was a large scale call to civil disobedience, peaceful and non-violent.
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Subhas Chandra Bose decided to move back closer to India, so he left Germany to reside in Tokyo, Japan.
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Subhas Chandra Bose became the leader of the Indian Independence Movement in East Asia. It was under this leadership when he began to recruit men for his army. With Japan's aid, Subhas Chandra Bose built an army of over 50,000 men.
This army was called the Indian National Army. -
The newly formed Indian National Army began their march towards India to fight the British.
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The Indian National Army arrived in India, and the Indian and Japanese forces fought the British forces on Indian soil. However, because the Indian National Army at that time lacked air support, the Indian National Army suffered defeat.
It took several years for the Army to recover from the defeat but nevertheless maintained its identity as India's first liberal army. -
Subhas Chandra Bose died in an aircraft accident while trying to escape Southeast Asia. The airplane crashed in Taiwan, and Bose supposedly died in a Japanese hospital located in Taipei, Taiwan.
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The The Royal Indian Navy Mutiny was a revolt by Indian sailors protesting against the food and working conditions in the British Army. Revolt began in Bombay Harbour but spread to Karachi and Calcutta where it was widely supported.
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Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was assassinated in New Delhi, India by Nathuram Godse.
