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Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler is appointed Chancellor of Germany. -
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Holocaust Timeline 1933-1945
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Dachau
Dachau concentration camp opens. Its first prisoners are political opponents. -
Boycotting the Jews
A nation-wide boycott of Jewish businesses is ordered by the Nazi party. Nazi guards stand in front of Jewish-owned stores and discourage people from shopping there. People shopping at these stores were threatened and physically attacked. -
"Overcrowding in German schools and universities"
The law against "overcrowding in German schools and univeristies" is adopted, restricting the number of Jewish children allowed to attend. Children of war veterns and those with one non-Jewish parent are exempt at first. -
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Schools
In German schools it is officially taught that "non-Aryans" are racially inferior. Jewish children are prohibited from participating in "Aryan" sport clubs, school orchestras, and other extracurricular activities. Jewish children are banned from playgrounds, swimming pools, and parks in many German cities and towns. -
Book Burnings
The Nazis declare that any books they disapprove of should be banned. They burn tens of thousands of books in huge bonfires. This includes many popular children's books, since the author was Jewish. -
Prevention of Offspring with Hereditary Diseases
Law for the Prevention of Offspring with Hereditary Diseases is adopted. As a result, German doctors sterilize many disabled adults and children, and also Jewish, Gypsy and Afro-German children. -
Jehovah's Witnesses
Jehovah's Witnesses are banned from all civil servic jobs. -
"No Jews"
"No Jews" signs and notices are posted outside German towns and villages, and outside shops and restruants. -
Prohibited from seving
Jews are prohibited from serving in the German Armed forces. -
Nuremburg Laws
The Nuremburg Laws: laws proclaimed at Nuremburg stripped German Jews of their citizenship even though they retained limited rights. -
The Ministry of Science and Education
The Ministry of Science and Education prohibits the teaching by "non-Aryans" in public schoos and bans private instruction by Jewish teachers. -
Further restrictions
Further restrictions are imposed on the number of Jewish students attending German schools. -
Buchenwald
Buchenwald concentration camp is opened. -
The Ostmark
Germany occupies and incorporates Austria as a German province called the Ostmark. -
"Criminally asocial"
The German government passes a degree requiring the registration of all Gypsies without a fixed address living in the Ostmark; by June 1938, all Gypsy children above the age of 14 have to be fingerprinted. This is a central part of the growing racial definition of Gypsies as "Criminally asocial." -
Questionnaires
Special questionnaires for the registration of Jews and Mischlinge (people of part Jewish-origin) are used for the national census. -
Gypsies
The Germans launch the first major wave of arrests of German and Austrian Gypsies, including all Gypsy teenagers (14 and older). They are sent to Dachau, Buchenwald, Sachsenhausen, and Mauthausen. Females above age 14 are sent to Litchenburg and its successor concentration camp at Ravensbruck. -
No more beaches?
Jews are prohibited from going to German spas and vacationing at German beaches. -
Jewish I.D. cards
A decree is issued that Jews older than the age of 15 must carry, at all times, identity cards that mark them as Jews. -
Israel and Sara
A decree makes it mandatory for Jews to insert the middle names of "Israel" and "Sara" into all official documents. -
Munich Conference
Munich Conference: World powers allow Germany to annex Czechoslovakia. -
The red "J"
Jewish passports must be stamped with a red "J" at the request of the Swiss government. -
"The Night of Broken Glass"
Kristallnacht: organized nation-wide anti-Jewish riots result in the burning of hundreds of synogogues, the looting and destruction of many Jewish homes, schools, and community offices, vandalism, and the looting of 7,500 Jewish stores. Many Jews are beaten and more than 90 killed. 30,000 Jewish men are arrested and imprisoned in concentration camps. Severa thousand Jewish women are arrested and sent to local jails. -
No public schooling for the Jews
An official decree prohibits Jews from attending German public schools; thereafter, they can attend only seperate Jewish schools. -
No driver's license
Decrees ban Jews from public streets on certain days; Jews are forbidden driver's license and car registrations. -
Must sell businesses
Jews must sell their businesses and real estate and hand over their securities and jewelry to the government at artificially ow prices. -
No more Universities
Jews may no longer attend universities as teachers and/or students. -
Loses all legal protection as renters
German Jews lose all legal protection as renters; many are expelled and forced to move to smaer residences in less desirable neighborhoods. -
Gypsy Arrests
2,000 Gypsy males above the age of 16 are arrested in Burgenland province (formerly Austria) and sent to Dacau and Buchenwald concentration camps; 1,000 Gypsy girls and women above the age of 15 are arrested and sent to the Ravensbruck concentration camp. -
WWII
Germany invades Poland; World War II begins. German and Austrian Jews are subjected to a night curfew and restrited shopping hours in stores during the day. -
More restrictive rations
Jews are forced to turn in raidios, cameras, and other electric objects to the police. Jews recieve more restrictive ration coupons than other Germans. They do not recieve oupons for meat, milk, ect. Jews aso recieve fewer and more limited clothing ration cards than other Germans. -
The Stars of David
Germans force Jews in Poland to wear a yellow star of David on their chest or a blue-and-white star of David arm band. -
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Conquerers
Germany conquers Denmark, Norway, Holland, Belgium, and France. -
Lodz Ghetto
Approximently 154,000 Polish Jews are concentrated and imprisoned in the Lodz ghetto which established and sealed off from the outside world. -
Auschwitz
A concentration camp is established in Auschwitz, Poland -
No more calls
German Jews are denied telephones. -
Invading Greece and Yugoslavia
Germany, joined by Itay and Bulgaria, invades Yugoslavia and Greece. -
Invading the Soviet Union
Germany invades the Soviet Union; mobile killing squads accompany the army and murdered millions of Jews, Communists, and Gypsies in mass graves. -
"Jude"
German Jews above the age of 6 are forced to wear a Yellow Star of David sewed on the left side of the chest with the "Jude" printed on it in black. -
Birkenau
Construction begins on an addition to the Auschwitz camp, known as Birkenau. Birkenau includes a killing center, which begins operations early 1942. -
Deportation begins
Deportation of German Jews to Poland begins, including the first transports to the Lodz ghetto. -
Gypsies going to the Lodz ghetto
Five thousand Gypsies are deportated from labor and internment camps to the Lodz ghetto. -
U.S. declares war on Germany
First killing center (Chelmno) begins operation; the U.S. declares war on Germany. First gassing of victims in mobile gas vans. -
Chelmno
Deportation of Jews from the Lodz ghetto to the killing center at Chelmno begins. -
Wannsee Conference
Wannsee Conferense: senior German government officials discuss the details of their plan to carry out the "Final Solution" to kill all JEws in Europe. -
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The "evacution"
The "evacuation" of the major Jewish ghettos in the Genera Government in Poland begins. This marks the launching of the systematic. -
10,000 Jews
Approximately 10,000 Jews, who had arrived in the Lodz ghetto some six months earlier from Germany, Luxemburg, Vienna, and Prague, are deported to Chelmno. Before they board the trains, their baggage is confiscated. -
Schools out!
All Jewish schools in Germany are closed by the government. -
The Eldrely and Children are transported to the death camps
Approximately 15,000 Jews in the Lodz ghetto are deported to Chelmno, mostly children inder 10 and individuals that are 65, but it also includes others who are too weak or ill too work. -
Gypsies deported
All Gypsies in Germany, with a few exceptions, are arrested and deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau. -
All Gypsies Deportated
All Gypsies in Nazi-occupied countries are deported to Auschwitz- BIrkenau. -
Heinrich Himler
Heinrich Himler orders the liquidation (destruction) of all ghettos in Poland and the USSR. -
Strike! Strike! Strike!
A hunger strike spreads in the Lodz ghetto and continues for several days. -
7,196 Jews
7,196 Jews are deported from the Lodz ghetto to Chelmno, where they are killed. -
Liberation at Majdanek
Advancing Soviet troops liberate the killing center at Majdanek. -
Auschwitz-Birkenau is liquidated
The Gypsy-family camp at Auschwitz-Birkenau is liquidated, and its inhabitants are killed. -
Soviets advance into Poland
Remaining Lodz ghetto Jews are deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau as Soviet Troops continue theis advance into Poland. -
Forced Labor
The Nazis deport some prisoners from Auschwitz westward to be used in German camps and factories for forced labor. -
Rebellion
Members of the Sonderkommando (camp prisoners forced to burn corpses) stage a rebellion at Auschwitz-Birkenau. They succeed in blowing up a gas chamber and crematoria. -
The Soviets are 10 days away
With the Soviet army only 10 days away, remaining camp inmates are evacuated from Auschwitz; "death march" to concentration camps inside of Germany begins. -
Birkenau is liberated!
Soviet troops liberate the camp at Auschwitz-Birkenau. -
Buchenwald is liberated!
American troops liberate the camp at Buchenwald. -
Bye Bye Hitler! And don't come back!
Adolf Hitler commits suicide. -
The end of WWII
The war and the Nazi regime ended.