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The Qin ruled from 221 B.C. through 206 B.C. Shi was their first emporer and he built the Great Wall Of China
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Twelve tables of law passed with Pleblians and Patricians
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Greece had many goals during the Age of Pericles. There goal was to beatify Athens and create a better socitey.
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Rome had fallen.
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Rome fell due to weak leadership, invasions, and economy.
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The Education in Athens was segregated. Boys got to go to school starting at 7 years old, they studdied language, literature, math, etc. They also participated in athletic activites. Woman on the other hand were homeschooled, and tought how to be a proper wife.
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Around 600 B.C. the Tang over threw the Sui dynasty. the Tang Dynasty was known for the development of art and literature. They ruled from 618 C.E. - 907 C.E.
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From 600-371 B.C. Greece had the most powerful army. The Spartans did'nt value art and education, they valued duty, stremgth, and discipline.
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Made slavery a debt. Developed Athenian code of law.
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Sparta conquered half of their crop ad a treat becaue of their victory. Messenians revolted against Sparta.
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Rome was built.
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The Zhou took over the Shang. They made their own society, but didn't bring much change.
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Mandate of Heaven created. Divine right to rule.
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Ming threw over the Yuan Dynasty. The Ming ruled from 1368-1644 C.E. They were known for their exquisite arts and crafts.
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Buildings in the Indus Valley declimed. Gradually they fell. It was said that cities shifted to do natural disasters and that destroyed the aggriculture.
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Romulus and Remus, two twin boys raised by wolves. Romulus killed Romus, and then created Rome.
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Rome changed from monarchy to Republic. Resolved economic issues.
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Abolished slavery, which brought changes against people who had done wrong.
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Farmers started to replace slaves in farming. This allowed farmers to live on the property if he could pay the owner with the crops he grew. This ended a little slavery.
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The Egyptians did not use clay slabs to write on. Around 2300 B.C. they invented a better writing surface from papyrus reeds. The Egyptians cut the reeds up, dried them, and then pasrted them back together from the sap and wrote on them.
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Surplus of food occured, so trade grew. New cities started to arrive through this cultural diffusion.
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The Indus Valley lasted from 2500 B.C.- 1500 B.C. Twice a year a monsoon would happen. A monsoon is seasonal winds. The monsoons brought so much moisture that flooding happened. The flooding was beneficial for leaving behind silt for farming.
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In China family is close, but religion was closer. They believed that their ancestors brought good or eveil. Although the ancestors were considered as gods, Shang Di was the supreme god.
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Egypt established trade which increased their economy.
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In egypt, education was excellent. Their knowledge helped the economy grow, and increased the population.
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King Menes rose to power as pharoah. He would eventually unite lower and upper Egyp.
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Calculated a solar year (365 days). This helped them regulate the flood seasons. It was so accurate that it was only off todays calander by 6 hours.
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Practiced mummification. Embalmers would disect the body so that the soul could return to it later in the afterlife.
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Developed a social class. The King, Queen, and royal family were on top. Below them were the other members of the upperclass which included wealthy landowners, government officials, priests, and army commanders. The middle class consisted of merchants and artisans. The lower class, which was the largest, had peasant farmers. Later, slaves became source of labor.
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The geography of the Nile was vital for civilization. Every year it flooded, left with rich black silt for which civilization could thrive on.
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Created hieroglyphics. This led to easy communication, and scribes developing felxible style of language
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People started to farm in Indus valley. This set up for a civlization later on.
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Egypt was a theocracy which led to pharaohs taking rule becasue they were representing God in human form.
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Social classes were not exactly permaneant. Egypts classes could be swtiched through marriage or success in work. Lower and middle classes could gain succession through these ways, and slaves could be freed if given loyal service.
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Sumerians appeared in Mesopotamia. Mesopotamia thrived into a good land for civilization becausae farming was easy and land was fertile
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The Sumerians were one of the first civilizations. They developed specialized workers, record keeping, advanced cities, and improved technology. They defined the basics of a civilization.
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Produced irrigation systems which allowed water to be carried to their fields, and to produce a surplus of crops
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Used geometry to create elaborate structures. This helped them create their irrigation systems, and helped them develope a math system based on the number 60.
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Practiced polytheism which effected their worship. They would hold ceremonies and sacrafice animals, food, and wine to the different gods.
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Sumerians traded grain, cloth, and crafted tools, so in return they recieved raw materials
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Babylonian empire rose, and as a result Hammurabis code was developed. It was compsed of 282 specific laws such as "an eye for an eye"
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Developed cuneiform on clay tablets. This was the creation of one of the first written languages, and enabled buisness accounts and records to be kept.
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They had set social classes. Kings were at the top along with preists. In the middle class there were landowners and wealthy merchants. Majority of Sumerians were in a lowere class that consisted of artisans, farmers, and laborers. And the lowest class included slaves. These all led to a well structured society.
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Women held close status with men. This resulted in them becoming merchants, farmers, artisans, they could hold property in their own names, and could even join priesthood.Somw upperclass women learned to read and write, but few female scribes are recorded.
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Built temples and government buildings called ziggurats. These provided a house of worship, as well as a place for government affairs.
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Invented wheel, plow, and used bronze to make tools and weapons. This showed an advanced society and helped them create their architeture with arches, columns, and ramps.