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The Byzantine-Ottoman Wars were a series of conflicts between the two empires. These wars ended with the fall of the Byzantine Empire and the rise of the Ottoman Empire
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Osman I was the founder of the Ottoman Empire. He was succeeded by his son Orhan.
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The Ottoman EmpireThe Ottoman Empire was created by Osman I and it's capital was in Constantinople. It lasted from 1299 to 1922, and at it's height covered parts of Asia, Europe, and Africa.
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Under the rule of Osman I, the Ottomans captured the Byzantine city of Bursa. This established Osman I and his empire as the major power in Asia Minor.
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Bayezid I was the succesor of Murad I, sultan of the Ottoman Empire. He was captured by Timur on July 20, 1402 during the Battle of Ankara. His sons escaped from the battle, and created a civil war.
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After the defeat of Sultan Bayezid I of the Ottoman Empire by the Central Asian warlord Timur, the Ottoman Civil War broke out. When Bayezid was captured, his sons escaped. Timur had named Bayezid's one son, Mehmed Celebi as sultan, but his brothers wouldn't recognize his authority. The civil war resulted. Mehmed Celebi won against his brothers, and made himself the sultan Mehmed I, and restored the empire
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Mehmed II was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire, and conquered Constantinople and brought down the Byzantine Emperor.
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Under the rule of Mehmed II, the Ottomans conquered Constantinople and bring on the fall of the Byzantine Empire.
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Shah Ismail is the founder and first emperor of the Safavid Empire.
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The Savafid Empire was established by Ismail I in 1501, and ended in 1736. It is known becuase the official religion of the empire, was Shi'a Islam, which was the first of its kind. At its height, the empire controlled moder Iran, Azerbaijan, and Armenia, and most of Iraq, Georgia, Afghanistan, and the Caucasus.
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Ismail I conquers Iraq from the Ottomans, causing a series of wars between the two empires.
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Ismail I battles the Uzbeg tribe near the city of Merv. When the Uzbek ruler is caught and killed trying to escape the battle, Ismail has his skull turned into a bejeweled driking cup.
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Ismail I is defeated by Selim I, the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. Ismail I recovers his lost land relitively quickly, but loses his air of invincibility. From now on he falls into alcoholism and does not participate in the affairs of the state. He leaves his duties to his minister, Mirza Shah-Hussayn.
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The Ottomans, under the rule of Selim II, conquered the entire Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt. This made them the dominant power in their region and also in the entire Islamic world.
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Suleiman the Magnificent was the emperor of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 to 1566. He ruled over the Ottoman Empire during its "Golden Age" of artistic, literary, and architectural development. He enforced a legislative law know as the Kanuns which was used in the empire for centuries after his death.
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Shah Tahmasp I was the son of Ismail I and took the throne at the age of ten, after his fathers death. He came under the control of the Qizilbash until he reached adulthood, when he regained control of the empire. He had the longest rule of any Safavid Emperor.
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The Mughal Empire began in the Indian subcontinent, and was ruled by Muslim descendents of Genghis Khan. The empire was created by Zahir ud-din Muhammad Babur.
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This war was fought between Shah Tahmasp I of the Safavid Empire and Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire over territorial disputes.
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Shah Tahmasp agrees to a treaty with Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire. This treaty defined the border between Iran and the Ottoman empire and resulted in 20 years of peace between the Ottomans and Safavids.
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Akbar was the third Mughal emperor, and ruled over the empire during it's "classic period". He expanded the empire to cover most of northern and central India, and is remembered for his open mindedness about all faiths and culture. During his reign, culture and the arts reached their highpoint.
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Shah Abbas IAlso known as Abbas the Great, Abbas I the Safavid empire from 1588 to 1629. He strengthened the empire by expelling Ottoman and Uzbek troops from Persian land and also created a standing army. During his rule, Persian artistic achievement reached a high point, mainly due to his support of commerce and the arts.
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The Long War was caused by a dispute over a border between the Habsburg Monarch and the Ottoman Empire over Balkan territories.
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Shah Jahan's reign over the Mughal empire is considered the "Golden Age" of the empire. He was the grandson of Akbar the Great, and like him, wanted to expand his empire. During his reign, architecture was at it's high point. The Shah Jahan had the Taj Mahal built for his wife.
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Guided Tour of the Taj MahalThe Taj Mahal was built by Shah Jahan of the Mughal Empire as a tomb for his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal. It is considered "the jewel" of Muslim art in India.
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Aurangzeb was the sixth Mughal Emperor, and expanded Mughal lands to its greatest amount at more than 3.2 square kilometers. After his death, the Mughal dynasty came to an end, and the empire declined rapidly.
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Shah Abbas II ruled over the Safavid Empire from May 15, 1642 to October 26, 1666. With the end of his rule came the downfall of the Safavid Empire. Later rulers lived lavish lifestyles, ignoring outside threats, eventually leading to the end of the empire.
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The Safavid Dynasty begins to decline under the rule of Sultan Husayn.
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The Safavid Dynasty is invaded by the Hotaki. They lose the battle, but regain control of their country later.
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The Safavid Dynasty comes to an end after the Afghan Nadir Shah conquers the empire and crowns himself shah.
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During the Battle of Karnal, Nader Shah, the emperor of Persia defeated Muhammad Shah, the emperor of the Mughal empire. This allowed the Persians to continue on and take the city of Delhi.
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This was a treaty between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire, marking the defeat of the Ottomans in their fighting against Russia. It stated that Russia would return Wallachia and Moldavia to the Ottoman Empire, but Russia would be able to protect Christians in the Ottoman Empire.
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This was an inconclusive war betweent the Austrian Empire and the Ottoman Empire. It took place during the reign of the Ottoman Sultan Selim III.
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The French occupy the Ottoman province of Algeria, marking the beginning of the break up of the Ottoman Empire.
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Greece gains it's independence from the Ottoman Empire. This marks the beginning of the breaking up of the Ottoman Empire.
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The Emperor Bahadur Shah II supported the Indian Rebellion of 1857. The British overthrew him, killed his sons, and absorbed the last remnant of the Mughal empire into the British Raj.
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This gave power back to the Ottoman parliament, leaving the Sultan as mainly a figurehead, but the Ottoman Empire continued to dissolve.
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After the loss during WWI because the Ottomans had sided with the Central Powers, they had lost most of their land. And on November 1, 1922 the Grand National Assembly abolished the Ottoman Sultanate and the Turkish nationalist governmnet in Ankara became the sole governing entity in the nation.
