-
100 BCE
Epitafio de Seikilos
It is the oldest surviving musical composition. It dates back to Greece and was found in a column on the turn of Seikilos's wife. -
Period: 476 to 1492 BCE
Middle Ages
-
700
Canto gregoriano
The term Gregorian chant is a type of plain, simple chant, with music dependent on the text used in the liturgy of the Catholic Church. -
991
guido d'arezzo
Guido of Arezzo was an Italian Benedictine monk and musical theorist who constitutes one of the central figures of the music of the Middle Ages along with Hucbaldo. -
1098
Hildegard von Bingen
Hildegard of Bingen was a German holy Benedictine abbess and polymath, active as a composer, writer, philosopher, scientist, naturalist, physician, mystic, monastic leader and prophetess during the Middle Ages. -
1135
Bernart de Ventadorn
He was a popular Provençal troubadour, composer and poet. his song Can Vei la Lauzeta It is one of the oldest and best-known troubadour songs. -
1150
Ars Antiqua
It refers to the music of Europe of the late Middle Ages, covering the period of the Notre Dame School of polyphony and the years a -
1160
Perotin
Perotín was a medieval French composer, who was born in Paris and died around 1230. Considered the most important composer of the School of Notre Dame of Paris, in which the polyphonic style began to take shape. -
1160
Leonin
Léonin is, along with Perotín, the first known composer of polyphonic organum, related to the School of Notre Dam. -
Nov 23, 1221
Alfonso X el Sabio
Alfonso X of Castile, known as the Wise, was the king of the Crown of Castile and the other titled kingdoms from 1252 to 1284. After the death of his father, Ferdinand III the Saint, he resumed the offensive against the Muslims and occupied Jerez -
1300
guillaume de machaut
Guillaume de Machaut was one of the main French composers of the Ars Nova musical style, he is the author of the Notre Dame mass, among other great creations. -
1320
Ars Nova
Ars Nova, in the history of music, period of great flowering of music in the 14th century, particularly in France. -
1335
Francesco Landini
Francesco Landini was an Italian composer, organist, singer, poet, instrument builder and astrologer. He was one of the most famous and admired composers of the second half of the fourteenth century and undoubtedly the most famous composer in Italy -
1468
Johannes Gutenberg
The invention of the printing press is attributed to the German, Johannes Gutenberg in the year 1440. The Gutenberg Bible was the first book written with a printing press. -
1468
Juan de La Encina
Juan de la Encina fue un poeta y dramaturgo español del Renacimiento. Es conocido como pionero del teatro en español y autor de villancicos y comedias pastorales. Su obra refleja la transición de la poesía medieval a la renacentista. -
1483
Martín Lutero
Martin Luther was a German theologian and reformer, born in 1483 and died in 1546. He began the Protestant Reformation in 1517 by publishing his 95 theses, criticizing the corruption of the Catholic Church. He translated the Bible into German, influencing the rise of Protestantism. -
Period: 1492 to
Renaissance
-
1500
Cristóbal de Morales
Cristóbal de Morales Spanish Catholic priest and chapel teacher being the main representative of the Andalusian polyphonic school and one of the three greats, along with Tomás Luis de Victoria and Francisco Guerrero, of the Spanish polyphonic composition of the Renaissance. -
1510
António de Cabezón
He was a Spanish organist, harpist and composer of the Renaissance. He went blind as a child, an adverse circumstance that did not prevent him from having a brilliant musical career. He lived in Burgos. In Palencia he probably received teachings from García de Baeza, organist of the cathedral. -
1532
Orlando di Lasso
Orlando di Lasso was a French-Flemish composer of the late Renaissance. Along with Palestrina and Victoria, he is considered one of the most influential composers of the 16th century -
1533
Andrea Gabrieli
Andrea Gabrieli was a Venetian composer and organist of the Renaissance. He stood out in sacred music and was key in the development of the Venetian style. His work influenced instrumental music and later composers, such as his nephew Giovanni Gabrieli. -
1544
Maddalena Casulana
Maddalena Casulana was an Italian composer, lute performer and singer of the late Renaissance. She was the first female composer to have an entire exclusive volume of her printed and published music in the history of Western music -
1548
Tomas Luis de Victoria
Tomás Luis de Victoria was a Spanish composer and priest of the Renaissance, born in Ávila around 1548. Known for his sacred music, he stood out in masses and motets. He studied in Rome and became a master of counterpoint. He left an important legacy in religious music. -
1557
Giovanni Gabrieli
Giovanni Gabrieli was an Italian composer and organist, born and died in Venice. One of the most influential musicians of his time, he represents the culmination of the Venetian school, framing himself in the transition from Renaissance music to Baroque music -
1566
Carlo Gesualdo
Carlo Gesualdo, prince of Venosa and count of Conza, was an Italian composer, one of the most significant figures of late Renaissance music with intensely expressive madrigals and pieces of sacred music with a chromaticism that will not be heard again until the end of the 19th century -
1567
Claudio Monteverdi
Claudio Monteverdi, whose full name was Claudio Giovanni Antonio Monteverdi, was an Italian composer, violagambist, singer, choir director and priest -
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
Italian composer of Catholic religious music, the best-known representative of the Roman School of musical composition of the 16th century. He had a lasting influence on the development of music. -
Period: to
Baroque
-
Giacomo Carissimi
Giacomo Carissimi was an Italian composer of the Baroque period. He is known for being one of the pioneers of sacred music. Carissimi also composed cantatas and music for voices and instrumental accompaniment. His style is characterized by its expressiveness and the use of recitative, influencing later composers and the development of baroque music -
Barbara Strozzi
Barbara Strozzi, also called Barbara Valle, was an Italian Baroque singer and songwriter. During his life, he published eight volumes of his own music and had more secular music printed than any other composer of the time -
Stradivarius
Stradivarius se refiere a los instrumentos de cuerda, especialmente violines, creados por Antonio Stradivari, un luthier italiano del siglo XVII y principios del XVIII. Stradivari es considerado uno de los más grandes fabricantes de instrumentos de la historia. Hoy en día, los Stradivarius son muy valorados en el mundo de la música clásica y alcanzan precios exorbitantes en el mercado de coleccionistas. -
Antonio Vivaldi
Antonio Vivaldi was an Italian Baroque composer and violinist. He is famous for his concertos, especially “The Four Seasons,” which show his mastery of the use of the violin. His influence was significant in the development of baroque music and has endured throughout the centuries. -
George Philipp Telemann
Georg Philipp Telemann was a German Baroque composer, although his work also had characteristics of early classicism. He is considered the most prolific composer in the history of music. Self-taught in music, he studied law at the University of Leipzig -
Georg Friedrich Händel
Georg Friedrich Händel was a German composer known primarily for his baroque music. His most famous work, “The Messiah,” is a milestone in choral music. Handel stood out for his skill in melody and his innovative use of orchestration, influencing the development of classical music. His legacy lives on today -
Johann Sebastian Bach
Johann Sebastian Bach was a German composer, musician, conductor, chapel master, singer and teacher of the Baroque period. He was the most important member of one of the most outstanding families of musicians in history, with more than 35 famous composers: the Bach family -
Henry Purcell
Henry Purcell was an English composer of the Baroque period. He is considered one of England's greatest composers, known for his operas, theatrical music and songs. Purcell stood out for his ability to fuse vocal and instrumental music. His legacy has influenced classical music and British opera. -
Gluck
He was a German composer from the Bohemian region. He is considered one of the most important opera composers of Classicism and completely reformed it by eliminating the da capo arias, -
J.Haydn
He was an Austrian composer. He lived there throughout his life and spent much of his career as a court musician.
At the time of his death, he was one of the most celebrated composers in Europe, and is one of the leading representatives of the Classical period today. -
nannerl mozart
Marianne, was a famous musician of the 18th century. She was the older sister of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. She also had prodigious musical gifts: she sang, played the violin and piano, and composed. Marianne remained completely subservient to her father's wishes. -
W.A. Mozart
Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart, better known as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, was a German composer, pianist, conductor and teacher, of the former Archbishopric of Salzburg. Master of classicism, he is considered one of the most influential and outstanding musicians in history. -
Rossini
Gioachino Rossini was an Italian composer who gained fame for his 39 operas, although he also wrote many songs, some chamber and piano music pieces, and some sacred music. -
Schubert
He was an Austrian composer of the principles of musical Romanticism and, at the same time, a continuator of the classical sonata. His father gave him his first violin lessons and his older brother gave him piano lessons, but Schubert soon surpassed his teachers.
Despite his short life, he left a great legacy, including more than six hundred vocal works. He died at the age of 31, and the officially attributed cause was typhoid fever. -
Berlioz
Louis Hector Berlioz was a French composer and leading figure of romanticism. His best-known work is the Fantastic Symphony, premiered in 1830. -
Mendelssohn
Felix Mendelssohn, whose full name was Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy, was a German composer, conductor and pianist of romantic music, a member of the same family as the pianist and composer Fanny Mendelssohn and the philosopher Moses Mendelssohn. -
Chopin
Frédéric François Chopin was a French-Polish teacher, composer and virtuoso pianist, considered one of the most important in history and one of the greatest representatives of musical romanticism, who wrote mainly for solo piano. -
listz
Franz Liszt was an Austro-Hungarian romantic composer, virtuoso pianist, conductor, piano teacher, arranger and lay Franciscan. His Hungarian name was Liszt Ferencz, in modern usage Liszt Ferenc, and from 1859 to 1865 he was officially known as Franz Ritter von Liszt. -
Verdi
He was an Italian romantic opera composer, one of the most important of all time. His brilliant works include La Traviata, Falstaff, Aida and Rigoletto. -
wagner
Wilhelm Richard Wagner was a German composer, conductor, poet, essayist, playwright and musical theorist of Romanticism. His operas stand out mainly in which, unlike other composers, he also took on the libretto and the stage design. -
clara Schumann
Clara Wieck, known as Clara Schumann, was a German pianist, composer and piano teacher. She was one of the great European concert artists of the 19th century and her career was key in the dissemination of the compositions of her husband, Robert Schumann. -
Maria Theresia von Paradis
Maria Theresia von Paradis was an Austrian pianist and composer. Although she completely lost her sight from the age of three, this did not prevent the production and work of this great pianist, singer and composer from continuing to stand out. -
Smetana
Bedřich Smetana was a composer born in Bohemia, a region that during the musician's lifetime was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He was a pioneer in the development of a musical style that became closely linked to Czech nationalism. For this reason, he is recognized in his country as the father of Czech music. -
Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer, conductor, pianist and piano teacher. His musical legacy spans, chronologically, from Classicism to the beginnings of Romanticism. -
brahms
He was a German composer, pianist and conductor of romanticism, considered the most classic of the composers of that period. He was a pianist and premiered many of his own works. He worked with some of the leading artists of his time, -
mussorgsky
Modest Musorgsky was a Russian composer, member of the group "The Five". His works include the opera Boris Godunov, the symphonic poem A Night on Monte Pelado and the piano suite Pictures at an Exhibition. -
chaikovski
He was a composer whose melodic genius has left an indelible mark on the history of music. Known for majestic works such as "Nutcracker" -
dvorak
Antonín Leopold Dvořák was a post-romantic composer from Bohemia, one of the first Czech composers to achieve worldwide recognition -
Grieg
Edvard Hagerup Grieg, commonly cited as Edvard Grieg, was a Norwegian composer and pianist, considered one of the main representatives of late Romanticism. -
Nikolái Korsakov
Nikolai Andreievich Rimsky-Korsakov was a Russian composer, conductor and pedagogue, member of the group of composers known as The Five. -
Robert Schumann
Robert Schumann was a German composer, pianist and music critic of the 19th century, considered one of the most important and representative composers of musical Romanticism. Schumann left his law studies, intending to pursue a career as a virtuoso pianist. -
Puccini
Giacomo Puccini was an Italian opera composer, considered among the greatest, of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was a visionary, creator of the music concepts that would govern cinema during the 20th century. -
Hugo Wolf
Hugo Filipp Jakob Wolf was an Austrian composer of Slovenian origin, who lived during the final years of the 19th century in Vienna. An enthusiastic follower of Richard Wagner, he became involved in the disputes existing in Vienna at that time between Wagnerians and Formalists or Brahmsians. -
gustav mahler
He was an Austro-Bohemian composer and conductor whose works are considered the most important of post-romanticism. Gustav Mahler was one of the most important orchestra and opera conductors of his time. After graduating from the Vienna Conservatory in 1878, he was successively conductor of several increasingly important orchestras in various opera houses. -
Debussy
Achille Claude Debussy was a French composer, one of the most influential of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Some authors consider him the first impressionist composer, although he categorically rejected the term -
Sibelius
he was a Finnish composer and violinist of the late Romanticism and early Modernism. He is widely recognized as his country's greatest composer and, through his music, is often credited with helping Finland develop a national identity during its struggle for independence from Russia -
Schonberg
Arnold Schönberg was an Austrian composer, music theorist and painter of Jewish origin. Since he emigrated to the United States in 1934, he adopted the name of Arnold Schoenberg, and this is how he usually appears in publications in English and around the world. -
ravel
Joseph Maurice Ravel was a 20th century French composer. His work, frequently linked to Impressionism, also shows a bold neoclassical style and, at times, features of Expressionism, and is the fruit of a complex heritage and musical discoveries that revolutionized music for piano and orchestra. -
Manuel de Falla
Manuel de Falla y Matheu was a Spanish composer of musical nationalism, one of the most important of the first half of the twentieth century, along with Isaac Albéniz, Enrique Granados, Joaquín Turina and Joaquín Rodrigo, and one of the most important Spanish composers of all time -
Bartók
Béla Viktor János Bartók, known as Béla Bartók, was a Hungarian musician who stood out as a composer, pianist and researcher of folk music from Eastern Europe. He is considered one of the greatest composers of the 20th century -
kodály
Zoltán Kodály was a prominent Hungarian musician whose musical style first went through a post-Viennese-Romantic phase and then evolved into its main characteristic: the mixture of folklore and complex 20th-century harmonies, shared with Béla Bartók. -
Stravinsky
Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky was a Russian composer and conductor, and one of the most important and transcendental musicians of the 20th century. His long life allowed him to experience a wide variety of musical trends. -
joaquín turina
Joaquín Turina Pérez was a Spanish composer and musicologist who represented nationalism in the first half of the 20th century. Manuel de Falla, Isaac Albéniz and he composed the most important works of impressionism in Spain. His most important works are Danzas Fantasticas and La Procesión del Rocío -
Heitor Villa-Lobos
Heitor Villa-Lobos was a Brazilian conductor and composer. His music was influenced by both Brazilian folk music and European classical music. He received some musical instruction from his father. -
Gershwin
George Gershwin was an American musician, composer, and pianist. He is popularly recognized for having managed to make a perfect amalgam between classical music and jazz, which is evident in his prodigious works. -
Messiaen
Olivier Messiaen was a French composer, organist, pedagogue and ornithologist, one of the most prominent musicians of the entire century. -
Pierre Schaffer
Pierre Henri Marie Schaeffer was a French composer. He is considered the creator of concrete music. He is the author of the book entitled Treatise on Musical Objects, where he exposes all his theory about this type of music. He composed different works, all of them based on the technique of specific music -
John cage
John Milton Cage Jr., known professionally as John Cage, was an American composer, music theorist, artist, and philosopher. A pioneer of aleatoric music, electronic music, and the use of non-standard musical instruments, Cage was one of the leading figures of the postwar avant-garde. -
Pierre Henry
Pierre Henry was a French musician, considered the creator, along with Pierre Schaeffer, of so-called concrete music and one of the godfathers of electroacoustic music. -
Philip Glass
Philip Glass is an American minimalist classical music composer. He studied at the Juilliard School in New York. His international recognition has increased since the appearance of his opera Einstein on the Beach