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Born in Chiaravalle, Ancona, Italy to parents Alessandro Montessori and Renilde Stoppani. -
Becomes the first woman in Italy to graduate as a doctor of medicine. -
Attends the International Womens Congress in Berlin, where she advocates for equal pay for women -
She studies the writings of French doctors Itard and Séguin, who worked with disabled children and audits courses in pedagogy at the University of Rome. Reads all major works in educational philosophy over the past 200 years.
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He will be her only child. Born out of her affair with a fellow doctor with whom she had agreed on a non marriage relationship so that she could continue practicing medicine. The father of her child was pressured into marrying someone else for social advantages and this resulted in Maria feeling betrayed and leaving the university. She placed her son under the care of a wet nurse in the countryside and they were not reunited till he was in his teenage years.
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Attends the International Womens Congress in London and is received by Queen Victoria.
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At the teacher training college for women in Rome.
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She works at the Orthophrenic School, an institute for training teachers in educating medically disabled children. She experiments with different materials to stimulate the senses and succeeds in educating some formely considered uneducable children to the point that they passed public examinations for "normal" children.
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At the University of Rome’s school of education, incorporating her clinical observations of pupils in Rome’s elementary schools. These lectures become the basis of her book Pedagogical Anthropology (1910).
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The first Children's House opens in the San Lorenzo neighborhood of Rome. Maria Montessori is in charge of supervising and organizing the children's education. -
Her method is a success which starts to be recognized. -
She also writes her first book based on her discoveries and observations in the Casas (The Montessori Method, in English). -
The Montessori method is already being put into practice in English and Argentinean schools and is beginning to be introduced into Italian and Swiss primary schools. Model schools set up in Paris, New York, and Boston.
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Resigns her teaching post at the University of Rome and gives up her private medical practice to concentrate entirely on education. -
Runs the First International Training Course in her apartment in Rome, under the patronage of Italy's Queen Margherita
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She also makes her first trip to the United States. -
This becomes a constant in her life, where she will travel to different parts of the world - the UK, India, the US, etc - regularly to lecture on her methods and participare in teacher trainings.
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During a training course in London, she settles on what will become the standard training format: fifty hours of lectures, fifty hours of teaching using the materials, fifty hours of observation of Montessori classes.
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He will later take over AMI leadership after her passing
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She does this in partnership with her son. -
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This causes the closure of Montessori schools in Germany and Italy
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Presented during the fifth International Montessori Congress in Oxford, England. -
Due to the fascist coup in Spain, she is forced to flee first to England and then eventually to Amsterdam. AMI also moves its headquarters there -
Her lectures and publications start emphasizing the need for peace and how it can be achieved through education. -
With Mario’s collaboration.
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In June, Mario Montessori interned by the British colonial government in India as an enemy alien, and Maria Montessori confined to the compound of the Theosophical Society. Mario is released in August out of the Viceroy’s respect for Maria Montessori and to honor her 70th birthday. Still, the Montessoris are not allowed to leave the country until the war is over. -
The war is over and they are able to return.
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She died at the age of 81 in The Netherlands.
