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In 1492, an explorer, Christopher Columbus, sailed across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain. With him, he brought many people to start the first colony in America.
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Spanish take the first African slaves to Hispanola in 1512. The natives were dying from disease and too much work, but they needed the slaves, so the Spanish decided to take Africans instead of the Native Americans as slaves.
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In 1519, Spainish explorer, Hernando Cortes and his crew, arrived in Tenochititlan. When Cortes arrived, Moctezuma, the leader of the Aztecs, allowed Cortes to stay in Tenochitilan. Within not even a year, the Aztecs threw Cortes out of their city. Cortes eventually returned with allies.
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Cortes defeating the Aztecs was important because Cortes was greatly outnumbered and had very few advantages. (Muskets, disease, lead bullets, metal armour, horses) Although Cortes was greatly outnumbered, he still won the battle.
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As a result, no new person would be able to acquire an encomendia with Indian slaves and all encomendia that existed would be destroyed.
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As a result, the colony of New Spain was founded.
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It is believed that Indians forced the Enshish to help them, and in doing so, this helped clear the way for other similar colonies.
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In 1607 the English founded Jamestown. Jamestown nearly failed until a settler named John Rolfe planted the first tobacco crop. Soon tobacco became a very profitable crop in England and became Jamestown's first cash crop.
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Champlain, a French explorer, founded the city of Quebec which would soon become the hub for French fur trading. The French protected the Algonquin against the Iroquois.
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The House of Burgesses was the first organized government in America and was where the first laws were made in America.
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When the Pilgrims arrived in Plymouth, within the first 1/4 of the year, about half the Pilgrims died from starvation, freezing to death, not enough water and disease. The Pilgrims met the Wampanoag Indians who taught the Pilgrims how to plant corn and build warm houses.
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After paying his debts for 7 years, De Sousa became a free man. He later became an interpretor between the colonists and the Native Americans and becamse a member of the Maryland Colonial General Assembly.
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Pennsylvania was established to build a colony where people didn't have to go to church and could still worship God and didn't have to follow other leaders beliefs.
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Founder of the 13th English colony was James Oglethorpe, who had initially intended the colony to be a home for debtors but who instead personally chose 116 men and women to accompany him to the new land.
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Thanksgiving became a National holiday in the fall of 1863, when President Abraham Lincoln issued a proclamation declaring that the last Thursday in November would be a day of national thanksgiving. Because of this, we still celebrate this holiday by giving Thanks and eating a feast of turkey and jello!
