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Amendment
Is a formal change to the text of the written constitution of a nation or state -
Period: to
civil rights movements
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14th amendment
This amendment granted citizenship to all people in the united states, mainly African americans -
15th Amendment
This amendment gave african ameican men the right to vote -
Jim Crow Laws
The practice of segregating african americans in the united states -
Plessy v. Ferguson
A landmark united staes supreme court decision, upholding the constitutionality of state laws requiring racial segregation in public facilities under the doctrine of "seprate but equal" -
NAACP
Nation Association for the Advancements of Colored People offers assistance to African americans, civil rights -
19th amendment
The 19th amendment granted women in the united states the right to vote -
Militant protest
These Protesters were people who engaged in aggresive verbal or physical combat going for thier rights -
LULAC
The League of United Latin American Citizens, they combated the discrimination that Hispanics faced in the united states -
Eleanor Roosevelt
She was the longest-serving First lady of the united states, President Harry S. Truman later nicknamed her "First Lady of the World" -
Federal Housing Authority
Its a United states government agency created as a part of the National Housing Act of 1934. It insured loans made by banks and other private lenders for home building and home purchasing. -
Social Security
This refers to old age, survivors, and disability insurance (OASDI) federal program. The original social security act of 1935 and the most recent version of the Act, as amended has several social welfare and social insurance programs -
Congress On Racial Equality (CORE)
(CORE) is a U.S. civil rights organization that played a important role for African-Americans in the Civil Rights Movement. They believed that all people were created equal. -
Mendez v. Westminister
This federal court case challenged racial segregation in Orange County, California schools. -
Delgado v. Bastrop ISD
This was a landmark case in Texas that dealt with racial segregation -
Sweatt v. Painter
This was a United States supreme court case that successfully challenged the "seprate but equal" This case was influential in the landmark case of Brown v. Board of Education 4 years later -
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
This was a landmark United States Supreme Court case, they declared state laws establishing seperate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional -
Hernandez v. Texas
This was a landmark United States Supreme Court case that decided that Mexican Americans and all other racial groups in the US had equal protection under the 14th amendment -
Dolores Huerta
A Labor leader and civil rights activist who, along with Cesar Chavez, co-founded the National Farmworkers Association. She recieved numerous awards for her community service and advocacy for workers, immagrants, and womens rights -
Martin Luther King Jr.
He was an African American activist during the civil rights movements. He was best known for his role in the advancement of civil rights using non-violent civil disobedience, also he is a national icon in the history of American progressivism -
Orval Faubus
He was 36th Govenor of Arkansas, serving from 1955 to 1967. He is best known for his 1957 stand against the desegregation of the Little Rock School District during the Little Rock crisis -
Roas Parks
She was an African American civil rights activist, whom the US congress called "first lady of civil rights" and "the mother of the freedom movement". Known for sitting in the front of the bus during segregational times and being arrested for trying to stand up for her rights -
Civil Rights Movement
Civil Rights Movement refers to the social movements in the United States aimed at outlawing racial discrimination against black Americans and restoring voting rights to them. The movement began in 1955 and ended in 1968. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Montgomery Bus Boycott was an event in the U.S. civil rights movement that was a political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama. The campaign lasted from December 1, 1955, when Rosa Parks, an African American woman, was arrested for refusing to surrender her seat to a white person. -
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
Southern Christian Leadership Conference is an African-American civil rights organization. SCLC was closely associated with its first president, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. The SCLC had a large role in the American Civil Rights Movement. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
It was primarily a voting rights bill, was the first civil rights legislation enacted by Congress in the United States since Reconstruction following the American Civil War. -
SNCC
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee was one of the organizations of the American Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s. It emerged from a series of student meetings led by Ella Baker held at Shaw University in April 1960. -
Affirmative Action
This refers to equal opportunity employment measures that Federal contractors and subcontractors are legally required to adopt. Affirmative action in the United States began as a tool to address the persistent discrimination against African Americans in the 1960s. This specific term was first used to describe US government policy in 1961. -
George Wallace
George Wallace was an American politician and the 45th governor of Alabama, having served two nonconsecutive terms and two consecutive terms -
Lyndon Baines Johnson
Lyndon Baines Johnson (LBJ) was the 36th President of the United States (1963–1969), a position he assumed after his service as the 37th Vice President of the United States. Johnson was greatly supported by the Democratic Party and as President, he was responsible for designing the "Great Society" legislation that included laws that upheld civil rights. -
Betty Friedan ( The Feminine Mystique)
She was an American activist that published a nonfiction in 1963 called "The Feminine Mystique." It is widely credited with sparking the beginning of second-wave feminism in the United States -
March on Washington
March On Washington was one of the largest political rallies for human rights in United States history and called for civil and economic rights for African Americans. -
Great Society
These Programs were a set of domestic programs in the United States announced by President Lyndon B. Johnson at Ohio University and subsequently promoted by him and fellow Democrats in Congress in the 1960s. Some of the things that fell under the programs were Medicare, Head Start, Upward Bound, etc. -
24 Amendment
24th Amendment prohibits both Congress and the states from conditioning the right to vote in federal elections on payment of a poll tax or other types of tax. The amendment was proposed by Congress to the states on August 27, 1962, and was ratified by the states on January 23, 1964 -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Civil Rights Act of 1964 differed from earier attempts to address minority rights by focusing on ending discrimination in the work place. It was a landmark piece of legislation in the United States[1] that outlawed major forms of discrimination against racial, ethnic, national and religious minorities, and women. -
Voting Rights Acts of 1965
Voting Rights Act of 1965 was a landmark piece of national legislation in the United States that over powered discriminatory voting practices that had been responsible for equality of African Americans in the U.S -
Head Start
This Program is a program of the United States Department of Health and Human Services that provides comprehensive education, health, nutrition, and parent involvement services to low-income children and their families. It was officially first launched in 1965 -
Medicare
This is a national social insurance program, administered by the U.S. federal government since 1965, that guarantees access to health insurance for Americans ages 65 and older and younger people with disabilities. -
Upward Bound
Upward Bound is a federally funded educational program within the United States. The program is one of a cluster of programs referred to as TRIO, all of which owe their existence to the federal Higher Education Act of 1965. -
Black Panthers
Black Panthers was an African-American revolutionary socialist organization active in the United States from 1966 until 1982. They used strategies to achieve equal rights, which included violent forms of protest as well as militant groups. -
Non-Violent Protest
Non-Violent Protests was the practice of achieving goals through symbolic protests, civil disobedience, economic or political noncooperation, and other methods, without using violence. The Freedom Riders of the civil rights movement remained non-violent although they were brutally beaten. -
NOW
National Organization for Women is an organization founded in 1966 and which has a membership of 500,000 contributing members set up for the advancement of women. -
UfWOC
United Farm Workers Organizing Committee is a labor union created from the merging of two groups, the Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee (AWOC) led by Filipino organizer Larry Itliong, and the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA) led by César Chávez. -
UFWOC
United Farm Workers Organizing Committee is a labor union created from the merging of two groups, the Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee (AWOC) led by Filipino organizer Larry Itliong, and the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA) led by César Chávez -
Thurgood Marshall
Thurgood Marshall was a distinguished lawyer, supreme court justice, and supporter of rights of Americans with little voice governent. President Johnson nominated him to the United States Supreme Court in 1967. -
25 Amendment
25th Amendment to the United States Constitution deals with succession to the Presidency and establishes procedures both for filling a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, as well as responding to Presidential disabilities. The 25th Amendment was adopted on February 23, 1967. -
Ceasr Chavez
Cesar Chavez was an American farm worker, labor leader and civil rights activist during the civil rights movement. Chavez became the best known Latino American civil rights activist, and was strongly promoted by the American labor movement, which was eager to enroll Hispanic members. -
Hector Garcia
Hector P. Garcia was a Mexican-American physician, surgeon, World War II veteran, civil rights advocate, and founder of the American G.I. Forum. As a result of the national prominence he earned through his work on behalf of Hispanic Americans. -
AIM
American Indian Movement is a Native American activist organization in the United States, founded in 1968 in Minneapolis, Minnesota, with an agenda that focuses on spirituality, leadership, and sovereignty. -
Tinker v. Des Moines
Tinker v. Des Moines was a decision by the United States Supreme Court that defined the constitutional rights of students in U.S. public schools. The Tinker test is still used by courts today to determine whether a school's disciplinary actions violate students' First Amendment rights -
La Raza Unida
La Raza Unida was an American political party centered on Chicano nationalism. During the 1970s the Party campaigned for better housing, work, and educational opportunities for Mexican-Americans. -
26th Amendment
26th Amendment to the United States Constitution barred the states or federal government from setting a voting age higher than eighteen. It was adopted on July 1, 1971. -
Barbara Jordan
Barbara Jordan was born February 21, 1936 and she was an American politician and a leader of the Civil Rights movement. Jordan was the first southern black female elected to the United States House of Representatives -
Title IX
Title IX is a portion of the Education Amendments of 1972. U.S. legislation also identified its principal author's name as the Patsy Mink Equal Opportunity in Education Act. -
Edgewood ISD v. Kirby
Edgewood ISD v. Kirby was a landmark in Texas, redistributed property taxes to poorer districts, led to Robin Hood legislation. -
Sonia Sotomayor
Sonia Sotomayor was born June 25, 1954 and is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, serving since August 2009. Sotomayor is the Court's 111th justice, its first Hispanic justice, and its third female justice.
