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Generally tolerant of different languages especially those Northern Europe
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Harvard was previously chartered in 1650.
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Founded in Philadelphia by Benjamin Franklin.
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Princeton University founded in New Jersey.
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The United States of America declares independence from Britain.
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Articles of Confederation were drafted as the first government in the United States. These articles were drafted in English, French, and German.
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During the American Revolution, during the height of Anti-British sentiments, other languages such as Hebrew, French, Greek, etc.
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The Treaty of Paris is ratified by Congress, ending the Revolutionary War.
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Thirty nine delegates voted to approve and sign the final draft of the new Constitution. John Adams brought up the idea of making English the official language of the country.
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Rep. Thomas Hartley of Pennsylvania argued that “it was perhaps desirable that the Germans should learn English; but if it is our object to give present information, we should do it in the language understood. The Germans who are advanced in years cannot learn our language in a day. It would be generous in the Government to inform those persons. Many honest men, in the late disturbances [the Whiskey Rebellion], were led away by misrepresentation; ignorance of the laws laid them open to deception
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1,919,362 were slaves.
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Enacted to promote English education and practical skills for Native American people.
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Law within Cherokee Nation stating that Cherokee members
“will not meet any commissioners of the United States to hold a treaty with them on the subject of making cession of lands, the property of the Cherokee nation, as we are determined hereafter never to make any cession of lands.” -
Created by Sequoia. Cherokees promoted their own literacy and bilteracy in English.
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US declares no European setttlement in the Western Hemisphere.
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Gold found on Cherokee land.
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Prohibition of US emmigration into Mexico was most likely caused by the growing emmigration population between 1823 and 1828.
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This act authorized the displacement of native peoples from their territory throughout the United States, specifically the Cherokee tribe in Georgia.
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This court decision ruled in favor of Georgia.
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The “court affirmed Cherokee sovereignty. President Andrew Jackson arrogantly defied the decision of the court and ordered the removal, an act that established the U.S. government’s precedent for the future removal of many Native Americans from their ancestral homelands."
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20 members of the Cherokee tribe, none of which were elected officials, signed a treaty that ceded all their territory east of the Mississppi River for $5 million and new homes in other Indian Territory.
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Crash Course State militias and federal troops began the enactment of the Treaty of New Echota by rounding up Cherokee members into stockades and forcing them off of their land.
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1845 Louisiana Constitution of 1812 is revised and official status of the French Language is protected. Laws must now be promulgated in both English and French
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Acquire what is now pretty much the whole southwestern US.
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The boarding school experience for Indian children began in 1860 when the Bureau of Indian Affairs established the first boarding school on the Yakima Indian Reservation in the state of Washington.
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Congress declared Native Americans cannot be taught in their own language.
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William Harris, a St. Louis School Superintendent, created a kindergarten that only taught in German.
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Native American children forced into boarding school where they could be punished if caught speaking their own language.
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Educating Native Americans, the common belief that they must be taught to reject tribal culture and adapt to white society. Others called it cultural genocide that targeted children, with a belief that the government must "kill the Indian...to save the man".
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When one Indian boy or girls leaves this school with an education the " Indian Problem" will forever be solved!!!!
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