960 history of computer art

The Story of the Computer

By aiathan1

  • Pascaline machine

    Also known as the arithmetic calculator, was invented by the mathematician and philosopher Blaise Pascal. Pascaline could perform addition,substraction,multipications and division.
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    The Story Of The Computer

  • Leibniz Wheel

    Leibniz Wheel was another, more sophisticated calculator invented by the mathematician Gottfried Leibniz. It was regarded as 'the first true four-function calculator'.

  • Jacquard loom

    Jacquard loom was invented by Joseph-Marie Jacquard and was the first machine that used the idea of storage and programming.

  • Difference Engine

    Difference Engine was invented by Charles Babbage. It was capable of doing more difficult arithmetic operations such us polynomial equations.

  • Analytical Engine

    It was also invented by Charles Baggage. Analytical engine has a lot of similarities with modern computers, as it consisted of the essential parts in a computer: the mill, the store, the reader and the printer.

  • Tabulating Machine

    The Tabulating Machine was invented by the American businessman and statistician Herman Hollerith, and it could automatically read, tally and sort data store on punched cards.

  • Z1

    The Z1 was built by the German mathematician, engineer, and computer pioneer Konrad Zuse, and it was a general-purpose mechanical computer.

  • The Mark I

    The Z1 was built at Harvard University by Howard Aiken, and it was an enormous electromechanical protocomputer. It was sponsored by IBM and the US Navy, as during the World War II is provided vital calculations. The computer was approximately 17m long, 2.4m high and weighed 5 tons.

  • ABC(Atanasoff Berry Computer)

    The ABC was the first special-purpose computer that encoded information electrically. It was designed by John V. Atanasoff and Clifford Berry. It was designed to solve systems of linear equations.

  • The Colossus

    The Colossus was invented in England by a team of telephone engineers led by Tommy Flowers. It was the world's first programmable electronic digital computer, and it was mostly used for cryptanalysis as it as designed to help decipher the Lorenz-encrypted messages between Hitler and his generals during World War II.

  • The ENIAC(Electronikc Numerical Integrator and Calculator)

    The ENIAC was the first general -purpose, totally electronic computer made by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert.

  • Mark II-III

    The Mark II-III were also developed by Howard Aiken, and they were an advanced edition of Mark I.

  • The first generation of modern computers

    The first generation is characterized by the emergence of costly commercial computers which were affordable only by big organizations, and for this reason were used solely by professionals. They were bulky, used vacuum tubes as electronic switches, and were locked in rooms with limited access.

  • The EDVAC

    The EDVAC was invented by John von Neumann, one of the world's foremost mathematicians and physicists, and it was based on his concept of both data and orders to be stored in a uniform memory.

  • Mark IV

    Mark IV, which was also invented by Howard Aiken, was the first fully electronic computer of the series.

  • The second generation of modern computers

    In second-generation computers, vacuum tubes were replaced by transistors. This reduced their size and cost, and made them affordable to smaller corporations. At the same time, high-level programming languages, such as FORTRAN and COBOL, were invented and made programming easier.

  • The third generation of modern computers

    The third generation of computers saw the creation of integrated circuits and chips, making computers smaller and cheaper. Processing power also doubled every two years. Minicomputers introduced ready-made software packages, called "canned programs," which businesses could buy instead of developing their own, starting the software industry.

  • The fourth generation of modern computers

    The fourth generation featured advancements allowing entire subsystems on a single circuit board. Desktop computers, like the Altair 8800 in 1975, popularized computing. In 1981, IBM launched its first PC with Microsoft software. This era also saw the rise of computer networks.

  • The fifth generation of modern computers

    The fifth generation, is defined by the miniaturization of computers, including laptops, improved storage media (CD-ROM, DVD), multimedia use, the rise of the Internet, and virtual reality. The smartphone, a powerful pocket-sized device, is a key example of this miniaturization, surpassing older supercomputers in power.