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Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella of Castile initiated a confederation of the two kingdoms that became the basis for the unification of Spain. -
Known for his six marriages and his efforts to have his first marriage to Catherine of Aragon annulled.
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Elizabeth succeeded to the throne on her half-sister's death
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Granted religious tolerance and equality to the Huguenots and ended the French Wars of Religion. -
The main message is one must live life in a genuine way, passionately, despite what other people think. -
A series of wars fought by various nations for various reasons, including religious, dynastic, territorial, and commercial rivalries.
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Is an English constitutional document setting out specific individual protections against the state, reportedly of equal value to the Magna Carta and the Bill of Rights. -
It followed the fiasco of the Short Parliament, which had convened for only three weeks during the spring.
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Also known as Louis the Great or the Sun King
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The Peace of Westphalia formally ended the Thirty Years' War in Europe. -
Was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland.
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Was written partly as a response to the fear Hobbes experienced during the political turmoil of the English Civil Wars. -
Peter the Great is known for the reforms and projects which he undertook to westernize Russia.
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The sequence of events that led to the deposition of James II and VII.
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An Act declaring the Rights and Liberties of the subject, and settling the succession of the crown. -
John Locke published this to attempt to prevent James II from ever taking the throne in the first place. -
A fight in the streets of Boston between patriots and British soldiers that ended with several patriots dead. -
Crusoe had to physically survive on the island by securing food, water, and shelter, but he also had to develop his self-confidence to survive, so he didn't give up hope of rescue. -
Jonathan Swift published because to change the English government and political world. -
A German composer and musician of the late Baroque period.
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The first king of Prussia.
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Montesquieu reflects on the influence of climate on society, the separation of political powers, and the need for checks on a powerful executive office. -
Diderot and the Encyclopedists strived to transform how people think in the democratization and secularization of knowledge and to encourage people to educate themselves in all fields of knowledge.
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The Seven Years' War was a conflict between France and Great Britain that dispute over North American land claims in the region around Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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The message of Candide is that all is not for the best and that this is not the best of all possible worlds. -
The first truly British monarch of the Hanoverian kings.
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Rousseau's purpose was to outline a theory of society and government in which a social contract among a people would preserve their freedom. -
Catherine the Great was the reigning empress of Russia
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A political protest where overtaxed tea was dumped into the Boston harbor. -
Intolerable Acts in the American colonies were a series of four laws passed by the British Parliament to punish the colony of Massachusetts Bay for the Boston Tea Party. -
The first major military campaign of the American Revolutionary War. -
Adam Smith was a Scottish moral philosopher by trade. He wrote the book to describe the industrialized capitalist system that was ruining the mercantilist system. -
56 members of the Second Continental Congress started signing the Declaration of Independence in Philadelphia. -
Co‐regent of Austria with his mother Maria Theresa from 1765 and sole ruler from 1780 to 1790.
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The final battle of the American Revolution. -
To officially end the American Revolution. -
Its first three words “We The People” affirm that the government of the United States exists to serve its citizens. -
17 articles that set out the “natural and inalienable” rights, which are freedom, ownership, security, and resistance to oppression; it recognizes equality before the law and the justice system and affirms the principle of separation of powers. -
Revolutionary insurgents attempted to storm and seize control of the medieval armory, fortress, and political prison known as the Bastille. -
The Tennis Court Oath was a key moment that set off the French Revolution. -
The Women's March on Versailles was a riot that took place during this first stage of the French Revolution. -
Stated that women, like their male counterparts, have natural, inalienable, and sacred rights. Those rights, as well as the related duties and responsibilities to society, are outlined in the remainder of the document. -
Mary Wollstonecraft publishes “A Vindication of the Rights of Woman” for a pioneering and durably influential argument for women's equality. -
The National Convention was established during the French Revolution to replace the previous legislative bodies after the end of the monarchy. -
France was made a republic, abolishing the monarchy and executing the king.
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It was the first effective executive government of the Revolutionary period and governed France during the most critical year of the Revolution. -
A period of the French Revolution when, following the creation of the First Republic, a series of massacres and numerous public executions took place.
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The period of the French Revolution when, following the creation of the First Republic, a series of massacres and numerous public executions took place in response to the revolution.
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It was the governing five-member committee in the French First Republic.
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He became Emperor of the French under the name of Napoleon I. -
Battle Austerlitz, also known as the Battle of the Three Emperors, was one of the most important military engagements of the Napoleonic Wars. -
A naval engagement with the British Royal Navy, and fleets of the French and Spanish Navies during the Napoleonic Wars. -
He was exiled to the island of Elba, between Corsica and Italy. -
Reorganized Europe after the Napoleonic Wars.
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Napoleon had been exiled to St. Helena after he was defeated by the British at the Battle of Waterloo. -
The Battle of Leipzig, also known as the Battle of the Nations, was the beginning of the downfall of Napoleon.