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Period: to
World War II
From The Start to the Begining -
The Great Depression Begins
The depression began in October 1929. The U.S. stock market crashed which was the main cause for the Great Depression and left roughly 8 million Americans Unemployed. -
Tuskegee Airmen
The Tuskegee Airmen were African American pilots in the U.S. during WWII. Because they were African Americans, they were not treated the same way as the white pilots even though they contributed to the war effort in bug ways such as escorting bomber and killing a lot of the enemy. They were given substandard weaponry and separated from the other soldiers. Later when their great accomplishment were realized did they receive better supplies. -
Japan Conquers Manchuria in Northern China
Japan conquered Manchuria which is in Northern China, this happened in 1931. This was also referred to as the Manchuria incident. When the Japanese Kwangtung Army attacked Chinese troops in Manchuria is was clear the Japanese empire wanted control over China. -
Rosie the Riveter
Rosie the Riveter is a cultural icon for women to encourage women to get out of their comfort zone and do factory work during WWII. -
Roosevelt first elected for president
Roosevelt was first elected president in November of 1932 and was reelected in 1936 when Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. -
Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany
Hitler gains the position of Chancellor of Germany on January 30, 1933. The president of Germany, President Hindenburg assigned Adolf Hitler the position of Chancellor in the hopes of making a more stable government because Hitler was a very popular and persuasive person. -
Nuremberg Laws
The Nuremberg laws were established
in September 15, 1935, these laws were established for the prosecution of Jews in Europe. -
Japan joins the Axis Powers
In 1936, Japan signs up to the Axis power with Germany to fight the allies. -
Hitler and Mussolini form the Rome-Berlin Axis
November 1, 1936 is when Hitler and Mussolini noticed that they had a lot in common, but they shared the same enemies. They became allies across borders. -
Japan invades China
On July 7, 1937, Japan invades China which marks the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War. -
Germany invades Austria
Germany invaded Austria on March12, 1938. Austria was not going to attack Germany. They welcomed them and helped them take down border signs. Italy protected Austria from Germany, in fact, in 1934 Italy massed her troops on the Brenner pass when it seemed Germany might take over Austria after the Austrian chancellor Dollfus had been murdered by two right-wing thugs. By 1936 when Italy and Germany and Italy formed a friendship the Austrian Chancellor Schuschnigg was told by Mussolini that Italy w -
Britain's appeasement of Germany
Britain’s appeasement of Germany took place on September 30, 1938, The Munich agreement was signed by France, Italy, the United Kingdoms and Germany. This agreement stated that Nazi Germany could occupy and countries that signed the agreement. Every country that was enemies with Great Britain signed the agreement. -
Kristallnacht
Kristallnacht took place on November 9, 1938, throughout Austria and Germany violent anti-Jewish programs took place during the night, it is nick-naked “The Night of Broken Glass.” -
Germany and the Soviet Union have a nonagression pact
The pact was signed on August 23, 1939, representatives from Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union signed a pact that meant they could not attack each other. -
Germany invades Poland-blitzkrieg (start of wwii)
On September 1, 1939-Nazis fist target was Poland. When the Germans took over Poland many other countries found out what happened, this was the start of WWII. -
Germany invades Denmark, Norway, Belgium and France (Vichy France)
Germany invaded Denmark, Norway, Belgium and France on April 9, 1940. Germany controlled all of these countries until the end of WWII. -
Lend-Lease Act
The lend-Lease Act took place on March 11, 1941, President FDR wanted to aid Britain in the war effort. British ships were allowed to dock and be repaired in the U.S. as well as British soldiers being allowed to train. The U.S, wanted to aid Britain in all way possible. -
German air force (Luftwaffe) bombs London and other civilian targets in the Battle of Britain
Luftwaffe bombed London on May 21, 1941, this was the bombing of countries in the United Kingdom by the Nazis. Great Britain was hit 3o times while London was hit 71 times. -
Germany invade the Soviet Union
Germany invaded the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, this was called Operation Barbarossa and was the largest German Military operation of WWII, the non-aggression pact was a tactical maneuver to distract the Soviet Union. -
Pearl Harbor
Japan executed a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor in Hawaii led by the Japanese Navy. This caused the U.S. to go into WWII. The U.S. went to war against Europe and Japan the day after the attack on Pearl Harbor. -
The Nazi Implement the "Final Solution"
The “Final Solution” took place on January 20 1942, this was the Nazis plan to exterminate the Jew during WWII. In this plan, Jews were murdered by cyanide gas and by gun fire, they died slow and painful deaths, they were put into awful living conditions that were called ghettos where they did not receive any food water, facilities and very little living room. They were also put into work camps where many were killed by being worked to death. -
japanese-American Incaceration
Shortly after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Japanese and Japanese Americans were sent -
Bataan Death March
The march began on April 9, 1942, it was the transfer of roughly 80,000 Filipino and American prisoners of war after the Battle Of Bataan which lasted three months. -
Manhattan Project
The Manhattan Project revealed the power of the Atom bomb to the U.S., it was the first atom bomb to be developed. The project was led by the united states and supported by the United Kingdom and Canada. It was active from 1942 to 1946. -
Battle of Midway
Between June 4 and June 7 1942 only 6 months after Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor, the U.S. Navy defeated and Imperial Japanese Navy. -
Guadalcanal
During 1942 and 1943 Guadalcanal was the scene of fighting between Japanese and American troops, America came out victorious. It was also a military campaign that lasted from August 7, 1942 to February 9, 1943. It was the first major offensive made by the allied forces against the empire of Japan. -
British forces stop the German advance at El Alamein
In August 1942, Lieutenant-General Bernard Montgomery had taken command of the British Eighth Army from General Claude Auchinleck. This Allied victory turned the tide in the North African Campaign and ended the Axis threat to Egypt, the Suez Canal, and of gaining access to the Middle Eastern and Persian oil fields via North Africa. -
German forces surrender at Stalingrad
In the Battle of Stalingrad Nazi Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control over Stalingrad. The battle lasted from August 23, 1942 and February 2, 1943. lacked regard for military and civilian casualties. It is among the bloodiest battles in the history of warfare. -
D-Day
On June 6, 1944, 160,000 allied troops landed along a 50 mile stretch of heavily guarded French coastline to fight Nazi Germany on the beached of Normandy France. More than 5,000 ships and 13,000 aircraft supported the D-Day invasion, the Allies gained a foot-hold In Normandy. More than 9,000 allied troops were killed or wounded, more than 100,000 went across Europe to defeat Hitler. -
Battle of the Bulge
This battle was offensive to the Germans an lasted from16 December 1944 – 25 January 1945, it was a major German offensive launched through the densely forested Ardennes region of Wallonia in Belgium, and France and Luxembourg on the Western Front towards the end of World War II. -
Yalta Conference
This conference was held on February 4, 1945, it was the WWII meeting of the heads of government on the United States, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union and was represented by Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime minister Winston Churchill, and the General Secretary Joseph Stalin. The purpose of this conference was to discuss post-war reorganization, at first it was meant to re-establish the nations of war-torn Europe but became a subject of intense controversy. -
Iwo Jima
The Battle of Iwo Jima lasted from February 19 to March 26 1945, it was a major battle in which the United States’ objective as to capture the island of Iwo Jima from the Japanese Empire. The U.S. tried to capture the entire island along with three air fields to provide a staging area for more attacks on the Japanese main islands. The battle lasted roughly a month and included some of the most violent fight in the pacific during WWII. -
Roosevelt dies, Truman becomes president
Harry S. Truman became president on April 12, 1945. Roosevelt died in 1944 because of declining health. Under the presidency of Truman, the U.S. concluded WWII. In the aftermath of the war, tension in the Soviet Union increased marking the start of the Cold War. -
Okinawa
The Battle of Okinawa, codenamed Operation Iceberg, was fought on the Ryukyu Islands of Okinawa and was the largest amphibious assault in the Pacific War of World War II. The 82-day-long battle lasted from early April until mid-June 1945. After a long campaign of island hopping, the Allies were approaching Japan, and planned to use Okinawa, a large island only 340 miles away from mainland Japan, as a base for air operations on the planned invasion of Japanese mainland. -
Allied forces advance on Berlin
In mid-April 1945, Soviet forces launched a massive offensive toward Berlin. On April 25, 1945, Soviet forces linked up with American forces attacking from the west at Torgau, on the Elbe River, in central Germany. As Soviet forces neared his command bunker in central Berlin on April 30, 1945, Adolf Hitler committed suicide. Berlin surrendered to Soviet forces on May 2, 1945. The German armed forces surrender unconditionally in the west on May 7 and in the east on May 9, 1945. Victory in Europe -
Formation of the United Nations
April 25, 1945 – 50 nations met in San Francisco to discuss a new peacekeeping organization to replace the weak and ineffective the League of Nation. June 26, 1945 – all 50 nations ratified the charter, creating a new international peacekeeping body known as the United Nations. President Roosevelt had urged Americans not to turn their backs on the world again. Unlike the league of Nations, the United States is a member of the United Nations. -
Allies held the Potsdom Conference to plan the war's end
This happened on July 17-August 2, 1945, Decision was made to out Nazi war criminals on trial. -
Atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
On August 6, 1945, during WWII and American B-29 bomber dropped the world’s first deployed atomic bomb. The bomb was dropped over the city of Hiroshima. The explosion took out 90 percent of the city and immediately killed 80,000 people. many more were affected by the radiation. Three day later a seconds A-bomb was dropped on Nagasaki killing roughly 40,000 people, Japan’s Emperor Hirohito announced Japan’s surrender in WWII on August 15. -
Japanese officials sign in official letter of surrender on the U.S.S. Missouri, ending WWII
The Japanese surrendered on September 2, 1945 more than two weeks after accepting the Allies terms. The ceremony took less than half an hour. The U.S.S was anchored in Tokyo Bay. -
Nuremburg Trials
November 20, 1945 – October 1, 1946, 24 defendant, including some of Hitler’s top officials, Hermann Goring – Creator and head of Gestapo (secret police), Charged with crimes against humanity. 19 found guilty, 12 sentenced to death. People are responsible for their actions, even in wartime. -
Marshall Plan
Happened in 1948. Congress approved Secretary of State George Marshall’s plan to help boost European economies. The U.S. gave more than 13 billion dollars to help the nation of Europe get back on their feet.