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Serfdom began in 11th century in Russia. Rebillions started in the 16th & 17 centuries.
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Around this time, European explorers began to sail around and to the southern part of Africa. Kevin Meyer
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Social structure in the Caribbean was broken down by skin color and socioeconomic status. Blacks, Amerindians, native tribes, and negroes were under white control. This is similar to other countries. The most powerful were white males. More Information... Cody Birely
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Before the Atlantic Slave Trade, slavery was happening in many ways in Africa. Peasnats tried to work off debts and were treated as property. Later, these slaves were traded across the Atlantic. Annie DeVries
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the main goal of mercantilism was to benefit the mother country by trading goods to gain metals. First, from Europe to Africa, hardware, guns, and Indian cotton was traded, and then Middle Passage carried African slaves to the New World. 1450-1700 Annie DeVries
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Theses were epic sea voyages sponsored by the Liberian kingdoms of Portugal and Spain. An example is Christopher Columbus.
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This was after the protestant reformation and it was basically when the church lightened up on things so they could compete with the protestant church.
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When Europe was trying to change but they changed into mostly monarchies.
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-Carter Stark
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The Middle East minus perhaps Egypt, did not receive the benefits of the Columbian Exchange. this limited their expansion although they were eventually able to trade for the food technologies.
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East and West trading connections made trading here possible, thus more resources became available and the population increased.
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Incas defeat Chimu and exand southward Laura Klever
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Around this time, Europeans began to trade with Southern African governments. Kevin Meyer
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Portugal established several small settlements in Angola. Kevin Meyer
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Europeans established a slave trade with some Southern African governments. Kevin Meyer
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Russia is liberated from the Mongols in the 1480's.
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Europeans led the conquest and depopulation of the Amerindians which brought new settlers to the West Indies and Mexico. Cody Birely
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In 1492, Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue and ended up in the West Indies where he started to take over control of the native population. Cody Birely
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Treaty of Tordesillas is put into place Laura Klever
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Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama arrived on the Malabar coast of India in May 1498. The ruler of Calicut and his Muslim officials showed mild interests in the Portuguese as new trading partners, but the gifts of da Gama only brought laughter. The Portuguese were determined to gain control of Indian Ocean trade and later returned with a more impressive show of power.
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When da Gama visits East Africa Malindi, a ruler, gives him a guide for his trip to India in hope that an alliance can be made. Ryan Scott
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The development of war technology increased the militarism of the Ottomans. They strengthened defense and increased nationalism.
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First Russian cannon is made in Tsar in the 1500’s.
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The creation of wind and water powered mill houses were made to help improve sugar production. Cody Birely
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The Caribbean became the largest producers of sugar in the world which led to African Slave trade. Cruel slavery system were developed and African Slave trade became common. Other labor systems included indentured servitude. Cody Birely
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Chartered companies were created once colonization of the Indies started (mainly from French and English colonies). This was a significant to the area. Cody Birely
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African tribes on the western coast of Central Africa began to experience the slave trade from sub-saharan Africa to the Americas who needed more workers for plantations.
Alex Karnish -
Global trade begins in North America
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Scientific revolution When knowledge in physics, biology, medicine, astronomy, and chemistry changed views of nature and laided foundations for modern science.
Politica -
-Carter Stark
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Prosperity in trade led to epansion of cities and taller buildings reaching 3 or 4 stories in height. Ryan Scott
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Slave trade in the Middle East was mainly females. They were either sold as wifes, where they would have more rights, or as concubines when they would not.
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Swahilia language developed from borrowing words from Arabic and Persian, and also creates a new culture because of the Arab and muslim influence. Ryan Scott
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Portugal attacks Swahili's coastal cities to glorify Christianity. Ryan Scott
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•1500ish C.E.- The Columbian Exchange brought new food sources to Africa. Corn, cassava, and peanuts were new crops that could withstand droughts and poor soils, and gave famine stricken areas food supplies. These foods changed African life and may have helped balance out the losses due to the slave trade.
Alex Karnish -
A fleet of 81 Portuguese ships attacked Indian ports taking Goa on the west coast and using it as a base of operations against Calicut and Gujarat with the ultimate goal of dominating Indian Ocean Maritime trade.
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Small pox epidemic broke out in the Caribbean in 1518, killing more than 50% of the population. Cody Birely
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Smallpox epidemic in Peru Laura Klever
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Babur, descendent of Mongol invader Timur and founder of the Muhgal Empire, invading from Central Asia defeated the last Muslim sultan of Delhi at the battle of Panipat. Under Mughal rule India flourished with the central administration which controlled all but the southernmost tip of India. Rulers generally tried to harmonize religious differences in the region, but they were unable to bridge the gap between the Muslim ruling minority and the non-Muslim majority. Sikhism emerged in the Punjab r
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The muslim city of Adal conquers christian Ethiopia, which influenced their culture. Ryan Scott
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Inca empire is conquered by Francisco Pizarro Laura Klever
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Incans defeat and force out Spaniards from the Yucatan Laura Klever
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Grand Duke Ivan IV or Ivan the Terrible was crowned Tsar, or Caesar, of Russia.
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The first man to discover Australia and sparkan interest of Oceania in the world wasFrancis Drake from Spain.
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The Inquisition is established in Lima, Peru (state and church dependent on the crown) Laura Klever
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The death of Ivar's sons marked the end of the Rurik Dynasty. The Rumanov Dynasty then acceded the throne in 1613.
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Africans usually traded slaves for products like beads, cloth, or metals that they did not have in Africa.
Alex Karnish -
mostly slaves worked on these plantations
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King of England, he rejected the pope and established the Church of England.
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When King Charles and parliament got into an augment about money and they ended up fight against each other.
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The Dutch send a sailor (Abel Tasman) toexplore, he finds part of Australia (and theplace he discovers is later namedTasmania).
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Made the palace of Versailles, and was the king of France from 1643-1715.
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Mercantilism and Capitalism developed during the late 17th, early 18th century due to European influence. Cody Birely
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Dutch East India Company forms its Cape Colony on the southern tip of Africa. Kevin Meyer
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In 1655, new Caribbean colonies were established at the take over of Jamaica, Havana, Cuba, and Haiti. These colonies were established for more plantation use. Cody BIrely
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•1672-1752 C.E.-Although the slave trade is important on the coast, many of the slaves are prisoners of war being sold from inland. But even with slavery, the Royal African Company made 40 percent of its profits from gold, ivory, and forest products.
Alex Karnish -
After the Mughal ruler Aurangzeb orders Sikhism’s ninth guru beheaded for refusing to convert to Islam, the tenth guru dedicated himself to avenging his father’s death and reorganized his followers into “the army of the pure,” a religious order dedicated to defending Sikh beliefs. By the eighteenth century, the Mughals were encountering fierce opposition from the Sikhs as well as from Hindu guerilla forces in the rugged and ravine-scarred province of Maharashtra on India’s west coast.
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Threatened by spanish held new mexico
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Peter the Great during his reign
defeated Sweden in the Great
Northern War. Russian then gained West Karelia, Ingria, Estland, and Livland. These lands secured Russia's access to the sea and sea trade. -
When a guy named Martin Luther who was a profit was tired of the lies of the catholic church so he broke off from it and made a protestant church.
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Japan modernized while China wanted to keep its roots
-Carter Stark -
Wanted to keep culture
-Carter Stark -
As empires became more and more wealthy, they each wanted to display their wealth by outdoing each other. In the MIddle East, the Suleymaniye Mosque was erected.
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After the death of Aurangzeb, Mughal power began to fade. A combination of failures in land-grant systems, integration of territories to the imperial structure, and poor centralization led to the compromisation of Mughal military supremacy. Compounded pressure from the Marathas, Sikhs, Hindu Rajputs, and Muslim Afgans fragmented the state. A climax came in 1739 when Nadir Shah invaded the subcontinent from Iran and sacked Delhi, the Mughal capitol.
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Led by Peter the Great Russia was
proclaimed an Empire and was
also henceforth recognized as a
world power. -
Elizabeth, Peter the Great's daughter reigned and took parts of East Prussia and Berlin, extending Russia's boundariesever more westward.
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Though some smaller states flourished when removed from the sultan rule, the fall favored the intrusion of European influence. Joseph Francois Dupleix took presidency of the east coast of the French stronghold of Pondicherry in 1741 and began a new phase of European involvement in India. Deeply involved in European wars, the French government declined to pursue further ventures in India and Dupleix’s departure cleared the way for the British.
