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Dwight D. Eisenhower Eisenhower is inaugarated as 34th President. He was a commanding general in Europe during World War 2. During his presidency he obtained a truce in Korea, and his policies were known as a "Modern republicanism"
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sourceOn national TV when McCarthy attacked a young Army lawyer, the Army’s chief counsel said, “Have you no sense of decency, sir?” Many Americans then became ashamed of McCarthy and he eventually lost his pow
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imageBrown vs. Board of EducationThurgood Marshall, the first African American on Supreme Court, argued that segregation of black kids in school was unconstitutional because it violated the fourteenth Amendment. The Supreme Court finally made the decision to desegregate public schools.
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image sourcesourceThe Geneva Agreements were signed after Vietnamese forces captured the French base at Dien Bien Phu. The French had to agree to withdraw their troops from northern Vietnam. Vietnam would be temporarily divided at the 17th parallel, pending elections within two years to choose a president and reunite the country. No foreign troops could enter Vietnam for two years.
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Emmet Till Emmet Till was kidnapped, then found dead in a River in Mississippi. His face was beaten so brutally that it was hardly recognizable. The killers were acquitted. IMAGE SOURCE: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division.
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Rosa Parks sat in the "white's only" section on a bus in montgomery, Alabama, and refused to get up. She was arrested for not following the Jim Crow laws of the city. Her action sparked a black boycoott of the city buses. Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006 image:http://all-that-is-interesting.com/rosa-parks-mug-shot
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Bus BoycottOn Dec 5, 95% of blacks refused to ride the bus. Then 6,000 black people gathered at Montgomery's Holt Street Baptist Church to agree to continue the nonviolent protest.
IMAGE SOURCE:Source: © Don Cravens/Time Life/Getty Images. -
image sourcesource During the Eisenhower administration, the U.S. Congress approved the Federal Highway Act- more than $30 billion allowed for the construction of 41,000 miles of interstate highways. It was the largest public construction project in U.S. history to that date.
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Little Rock NineEisenhower set the 101st Airborne to Little Rock, Arkansas, to help the nine black students enter Central High School. When the students first tried to enter the school, the Arkansas National Guard was ordered by Governor Orval Faubus to prevent them from entering.
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image sourcesource It scared the Americans that the Soviet Union had such a thing in space. The space race began.
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student protestBlack students sparked what would be known as "sit-in" demonstrations at a segregated lunch counter in Woolworth's store in Greensboro, North Carolina. From then on white's sat with blacks in white-only waiting rooms and restaurants to challenge the local segregation codes. IMAGE SOURCE:http://www.visualphotos.com/photo/1x3744701/civil_rights_sit-in_demonstration_on_feb_9_1960_black_students
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ImageJohn F. Kennedy John K. Kennedy was inaugurated as the 35th president, and the first Roman Cathalic one. During his presidency he confronted Cold War tensions in Cuba,Vietnam ,and elsewhere.
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image sourceKennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006 Part of JFK's "New Frontier", he proposed that young Americans join the Peace Corps-to help and teach people of third world countries.
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image sourceDuring Eisenhower's administraion, a CIA-backed scheme existed to overthrow Fidel Castro from power in Cuba. Anticommunist exiles invaded Cuba's Bay of Pigs, yet Kennedy made no decision to help them. JFK took full responsibility for the failure.
Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006 -
imageJames Meridith attempted to register and was welcomed with violent resistence. President JFK sent in 400 federal marshals and 3,000 troops to help Meridith get enrolled in his first class. Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006
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image sourceFK and Krushchev played a game of "nuclear chicken", and for a week the world was on the brink of global atomization. But on oct 28, Krushchev agreed to pull its missiles out of Cuba, and the U.S promised to remove its own missiles from Turkey.
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Birmingham march6,000 black kids ranging from age 6 to 16 were coordinated to march by James Bevel. On nation TV, Birmingham police let vicious dogs and firehoses on the children. It was the orders of police chief Eugene "Bull" Conner that they do so. Over 900 children were arrested and jailed. It sickened people around the world. IMAGE :Source: © AP Photo.
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washington march As JFK announced a civil rights bill to Congress, Civil rights leaders began talking about reviving A. Philip Randolph's 1941 March on Washington movement. But white liberals and members of the NAACP said it should be approved with federal authorities. The result was more than 250,000 in front of Lincoln's memorial to celebrate and support Kennedy's civil rights bill.
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LBJ Lyndon B. Johnson was JFK's VP until JFK was assassinated. Then LBJ was sworn in as President. He spoke of a "Great Society".
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image sourceWhile riding in an open limousine in Dallas, Texas alongside his wife, JFK was shot fatally in the brain. The assassin was Lee Harvery Oswald.Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006
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image sourcesourceGave Congress the approval to expand the war in Vietnam. LBJ wanted to prevent further aggressions against the U.S by the Vietnamese.
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sourceOperation Rolling Thunder was the name of America's bombing campaing against North Vietnam. The purpose was to demoralize the North Vietnamese people and government. 643,000 tons of bombs were dropped during the months of the operation.
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Selma March600 civill rights marchers were attacked by state and local lawmen once reaching Edmund Pettus Bridge. They were attacked with billy clubs and tear gas, driving them back into Selma. Two days later MLK Jr. led a "symbolic" march to the bridge. The Federal District Judge ruled that they were able to petition by marching.
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image sourcesource70,000 North Vietnamese and VietCong forces put together a series of attacks on 100 S. Vietnamese cities. The N. Vietnamese were victorious, and it marked a turning point in the war where the U.S would slowly withdraw.
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Nixon During his Presidency, the American fighting ended in Vietnam. He was Vp during th Eisenhower administration. The Watergate Scandal caused Nixon to resign in 1974, and shadowed his great accomplishments.
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sourceimage sourceMay 25, 1961, jfk announced he wanted to put an american on the moon by the end of the decade. Known as project Apollo, Apollo 11 commander Neil Amstrong was the first man to step on the moon.
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sourceimage sourceEPA(Environmental Protection Agenc) is formed. Nixon wanted to purify the environment of the nation.
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sourceFive men were arrested for breaking into the offices of the Democratic National Committee. They were setting up eavesdropping equipment and taking pictures of files. It wasn't a big deal in the news until the answers given in the trial made people question the president. It caused so much problems that Nixon resigned.
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Ford Ford took oath of office August 9, 1974, succeeding Nixon who resigned.
