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German people take Alsace Lorraine from France
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1882 – Triple Alliance: Italy joined the dual (France and Russia get nervous)
1892 – Franco-Russian Alliance against triple alliance
1904 – Entente Cordiale (Britain and France)
1907 – Triple Entente (Russia, Britain and France) -
Triple Alliance: Italy joined the dual (France and Russia get nervous)
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Franco-Russian Alliance against triple alliance
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Triple Entente (Russia, Britain and France)
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Many people living there were Slavs, who wanted to unite with Serbia. The Austrian invasion was resented by the Slavic peoples everywhere, including Russia. Serbia wanted to unite the Slavic peoples in the region, and resented the invasion of Bosnia
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French troops sent to Fez to fight Moroccan rebels. Germany accused France of trying to take control over Morocco, and sent a warship (Panther), hoping to force France to give them the French Congo. Britain objected to the German action because they had a naval base nearby at Gibraltar (they sent warships to Agadir). Germany backed down and recognized French influence in Morocco (Germans felt anti-British)
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Italy wants to control the other side of the Adriatic Sea
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Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro formed the Balkan League and attacked the Ottoman Empire in 1912
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1913 Bulgaria went to war with Greece and Serbia. Turkey and Romania joined the Greek and Serbian side and Bulgaria was soon defeated losing land to the four victors.
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-Britain: 29
-Germany: 17 -
The Archduke was killed by a Serb student called Princip while he visited Sarajevo in June 1914. Princip was a Black Hand member. This assassination only triggered the war, it didn’t cause it
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Archduke Franz Ferdinand was the heir to the throne, and he went to Bosnia to help the loyalty of the Bosnian people to Austria-Hungary then he was killed by Princip the Serbian student of the Black hand
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Austria-Hungary blames the Serbian government for the assassination, issuing a 10-point ultimatum. The ultimatum states that if Serbia doesn’t give up its independence, Austria-Hungary will send troops into Serbia
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Serbia refuses to let these troops in. Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia
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Russia begins mobilizing troops ready to help Serbia
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Germany declares war on Russia. France begins mobilizing to help Russia
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Germany declares war on France and sends troops through Belgium to attack, following the Schlieffen Plan
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Belgium is neutral, and Britain has agreed to protect Belgium. Britain orders Germany to withdraw. Germany refuses. Britain declares war on Germany.
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Britain managed to slow down the German advance (they didn’t stop it)
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The allied troops managed to save Paris, and forced the Germans to pull back to the river Aisne.
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Both sides wanted to stop the other side controlling the coastline
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Germans used poison gas for the first time against the Allied troops
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The French, under Marshal Petain, held the Germans back
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Britain used a new invention: the tank
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They beat the Turks at the Battle of Beersheva, and took Jerusalem. Then took Damascus, led by Sir Edmund Allenby, and finally British forces controlled the area
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Tsar Nicholas II is forced out of the Russian power so Russia pulled out of the War in 1917
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The Bolshevik leader of Russia signed a treaty with Germany called the Brest-Litovsk
